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papers/2016_IPAC/IPAC16_CLIO/MOPMB005.aux
r515 r516 1 1 \relax 2 \citation{clio} 2 3 \citation{blm} 3 \citation{clio}4 4 \citation{astra} 5 5 \citation{clio} … … 26 26 \citation{CSPR} 27 27 \citation{CTR} 28 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Layout of the CLIO accelerator (taken from \cite {optim})\relax }}{2}} 28 \citation{MOPMB003} 29 \citation{gfw} 30 \citation{filt} 31 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Layout of the CLIO accelerator (taken from \cite {optim}).\relax }}{2}} 29 32 \providecommand*\caption@xref[2]{\@setref\relax\@undefined{#1}} 30 33 \newlabel{clio}{{1}{2}} 31 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces Full width at half of maximum of the bunch for the sub-harmonic buncher phase and maximum field \relax }}{2}}34 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces Full width at half of maximum of the bunch for the sub-harmonic buncher phase and maximum field.\relax }}{2}} 32 35 \newlabel{shwdth}{{2}{2}} 33 36 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3}{\ignorespaces Longitudinal bunch size at exit of gun (FWHM=800 ps), at the entrance of FB (FWHM=92 ps), at the entrance (FWHM=2.35ps) and at the exit (FWHM=2.29ps) of the AC.\relax }}{2}} 34 37 \newlabel{dob1}{{3}{2}} 35 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4}{\ignorespaces Longitudinal profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity after optimization. The profile presented here is far an eery of 60.34~MeV with an energy spread $\Delta \gamma /\gamma $=0.5\%.\relax }}{2}} 36 \newlabel{Prof1}{{4}{2}} 37 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces Profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity for different phases of the accelerating cavity.\relax }}{2}} 38 \newlabel{p3}{{5}{2}} 39 \citation{CSPR,CTR} 40 \citation{MOPMB003} 41 \citation{gfw} 42 \citation{filt} 43 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6}{\ignorespaces Profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity for different maximum fields of fundamental buncher (optimized).\relax }}{3}} 44 \newlabel{p123}{{6}{3}} 45 \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{Bunch length measurements}{3}} 46 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7}{\ignorespaces Form factor for the bunch profiles shown on figure~\ref {p123}. \relax }}{3}} 47 \newlabel{fig:FF}{{7}{3}} 48 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8}{\ignorespaces Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum normalized by maximum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. \relax }}{3}} 49 \newlabel{sp-normalised}{{8}{3}} 50 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {9}{\ignorespaces Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. \relax }}{3}} 51 \newlabel{sp}{{9}{3}} 52 \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{Conclusion}{3}} 38 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4}{\ignorespaces Profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity for different maximum fields of fundamental buncher (optimized).\relax }}{2}} 39 \newlabel{p123}{{4}{2}} 40 \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{Bunch length measurements}{2}} 53 41 \bibcite{filt}{1} 54 42 \bibcite{astra}{2} … … 65 53 \bibcite{MOPMB003}{13} 66 54 \bibcite{LIL-cavity}{14} 67 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {10}{\ignorespaces CTR spectrums for different bunches.\relax }}{4}} 68 \newlabel{CTR-spectrum}{{10}{4}} 69 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {11}{\ignorespaces Energy of CTR with mesh filters.\relax }}{4}} 70 \newlabel{filt}{{11}{4}} 55 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces Form factor for the bunch profiles shown on figure~\ref {p123}. \relax }}{3}} 56 \newlabel{fig:FF}{{5}{3}} 57 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6}{\ignorespaces Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. \relax }}{3}} 58 \newlabel{sp}{{6}{3}} 59 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7}{\ignorespaces Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum normalized by maximum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. \relax }}{3}} 60 \newlabel{sp-normalised}{{7}{3}} 61 \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{Conclusion}{3}} 62 \@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {8}{\ignorespaces CTR spectrums for different bunches.\relax }}{3}} 63 \newlabel{CTR-spectrum}{{8}{3}} -
papers/2016_IPAC/IPAC16_CLIO/MOPMB005.log
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papers/2016_IPAC/IPAC16_CLIO/MOPMB005.tex
r501 r516 33 33 \title{Study of Short Bunches at the Free Electron Laser CLIO\thanks{Work supported by the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01), the IDEATE International Associated Laboratory (LIA) between France and Ukraine and Research Grant \#F58/380-2013 (project F58/04) from the State Fund for Fundamental Researches of Ukraine in the frame of the State key laboratory of high energy physics." }} 34 34 35 \author{ Nicolas Delerue, St éphane Jenzer (LAL, Orsay),\\ Jean-Paul Berthet, Francois Glotin, Jean-Michel Ortega,35 \author{ Nicolas Delerue, St\'ephane Jenzer (LAL, Orsay),\\ Jean-Paul Berthet, Francois Glotin, Jean-Michel Ortega, 36 36 Rui Prazeres (CLIO/ELISE/LCP, Orsay), \\Vitalii Khodnevych (LAL, Orsay; National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv) } 37 37 … … 40 40 % 41 41 \begin{abstract} 42 CLIO is a Free Electron Laser based on a thermoionic electron gun. In its normal operating mode it delivers long electron $8\pm1$ ps~\cite{blm} pulse but studies are ongoing to shorten the pulses to about 1 ps. We report on simulations showing how the pulse can be shortened and the expected signal yield from several bunch length diagnostics (Coherent Transition Radiation, Coherent Smith Purcell Radiation) as well as on the first experimental measurements.42 CLIO is a Free Electron Laser based on a thermoionic electron gun. In its normal operating mode it delivers long electron 8 pulses but studies are ongoing to shorten the pulses to about 1 ps. We report on simulations showing how the pulse can be shortened and the expected signal yield from several bunch length diagnostics (Coherent Transition Radiation, Coherent Smith Purcell Radiation). 43 43 \end{abstract} 44 44 45 45 46 46 \section{Introduction} 47 Experimental comparison of Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation (CSPR) an dCoherent Transition Radiation (CTR) will take place at CLIO accelerator~\cite{clio}. This accelerator can produce single electron bunches with length of several ps and energy up to 100 MeV. To predict the spectrums of CTR and CSPand optimise the CLIO parameters for the experiment, we have performed simulations of of the accelerator using ASTRA~\cite{astra}.47 Experimental comparison of Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation (CSPR) and Coherent Transition Radiation (CTR) will take place at CLIO accelerator~\cite{clio}. This accelerator can produce single electron bunches with length of about 8 $\pm1$ ps~\cite{blm} and energy up to 100~MeV. To predict the spectrums of CTR and CSPR and optimise the CLIO parameters for the experiment, we have performed simulations of of the accelerator using ASTRA~\cite{astra}. 48 48 49 49 \section{The CLIO accelerator} … … 59 59 %\end{figure}% 60 60 61 \begin{figure*}[! tbh]61 \begin{figure*}[!bth] 62 62 \centering 63 63 \includegraphics*[width=\textwidth]{plots/CLIO.png} 64 \caption{Layout of the CLIO accelerator (taken from \cite{optim}) }64 \caption{Layout of the CLIO accelerator (taken from \cite{optim}).} 65 65 \label{clio} 66 66 % \vspace*{-\baselineskip} … … 92 92 \centering 93 93 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/fwhm2d.eps} 94 \caption{Full width at half of maximum of the bunch for the sub-harmonic buncher phase and maximum field }94 \caption{Full width at half of maximum of the bunch for the sub-harmonic buncher phase and maximum field.} 95 95 \label{shwdth} 96 96 \end{figure} 97 97 98 98 99 Taking into account other parameters (charge in a 200ps window, full width at 10\% of the maximum, energy from the technical report \cite{RT}) we are able to choose the optimal values of the energy gradient and the phase of the cavity for the SHB, 2.56 MV/m and 126 degrees respectively. As from the exit of the SHB to the entrance of the FB the bunch evolving, we look at the result of compression at the entrance of the FB. A comparison of the longitudinal bunch size at the gun's exit and at the entrance of the FB is presented on fig.~\ref{dob1}.\par99 Taking into account other parameters (charge in a 200ps window, full width at 10\% of the maximum, energy from the technical report \cite{RT}) we are able to choose the optimal values of the energy gradient and the phase of the cavity for the SHB, 2.56 MV/m and 126 degrees respectively. As from the exit of the SHB to the entrance of the FB the bunch is still evolving, we look at the result of compression at the entrance of the FB. A comparison of the longitudinal bunch size at the gun's exit and at the entrance of the FB is presented on fig.~\ref{dob1}.\par 100 100 \begin{figure}[htb] 101 101 \centering … … 105 105 \end{figure} 106 106 107 The fundamental buncher (FB) is a copper triperiodic, S-band standing wave structure~\cite{LIL-cavity}. It is composed of cells at 3 different wavelengths, slightly matched to the beam velocity (0.92, 0.98 and 1 lambda) at the buncher \cite{clio}. The role of the 3 GHz buncher is to complete the compression of the pulses initiated by the SHB at 500~MHz and to bring the particles to ultra-relativistic energies. 108 It also gives the micro-particles pack enough energy to make them ultrarelativistic~\cite{RT}.\par 109 Similarly to the SHB, the FB also requires a phase study. We found the optimal phase as 210 degree and the maximum cavity field as 22 MV/m. \par 110 The accelerating cavity (AC) is a constant gradient S band travelling wave disk-loaded structure. The cavity is surrounded with a set of solenoidal coils which give a continuous axial field adjustable up to 0.2 Tesla \cite{clio}. Comparison of the longitudinal bunch size at the entrance and at the exit of the AC is presented at the fig.~\ref{dob1}. In ideal conditions the profile is almost not altered in the AC, but particles are significantly accelerated.\par 111 112 The result of the optimisation of the hase and field of all the components of the accelerator is shown on figure~\ref{Prof1}. 107 The fundamental buncher (FB) is a copper triperiodic, S-band standing wave structure~\cite{LIL-cavity}. It is composed of cells at 3 different wavelengths, slightly matched to the beam velocity (0.92, 0.98 and 1 lambda)~\cite{clio}. The role of the 3 GHz buncher is to complete the compression of the pulses initiated by the SHB at 500~MHz and to bring the particles to ultra-relativistic energies.~\cite{RT}.\par 108 Similarly to the SHB, the FB also requires a phase study. We found the optimal phase to be 210 degree and the maximum cavity field as 22 MV/m. \par 109 The accelerating cavity (AC) is a constant gradient S band travelling wave disk-loaded structure. The cavity is surrounded with a set of solenoidal coils which give a continuous axial field adjustable up to 0.2 Tesla \cite{clio}. Comparison of the longitudinal bunch size at the entrance and at the exit of the AC is presented on the fig.~\ref{dob1}. In ideal conditions the profile is almost not altered in the AC, but particles are significantly accelerated.\par 110 111 %The result of the optimisation of the phase and field of all the components of the accelerator is shown on figure~\ref{p123}. 113 112 114 113 … … 116 115 %energy distribution as on fig.~\ref{fig:energ} ( 117 116 % 118 \begin{figure}[!htb] 119 \centering 120 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Profile20deg.eps} 121 \caption{Longitudinal profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity after optimization. The profile presented here is far an eery of 60.34~MeV with an energy spread $\Delta\gamma/\gamma$=0.5\%.} 122 \label{Prof1} 123 \end{figure}% 117 118 %\begin{figure}[!htb] 119 % \centering 120 % \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Profile20deg.eps} 121 % \caption{} 122 % \label{Prof1} 123 %\end{figure}% 124 124 125 125 %\begin{figure}[!htb] … … 130 130 %\end{figure}% 131 131 132 Our simulations also show that it is possible to make even shorter bunches with the accelerator, but at the expense of degrading others parameters (energy spread, etc.). Some profiles in such conditions are shown on figure~\ref{p3}.\par133 \begin{figure}[!htb]134 \centering135 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Profile.eps}136 \caption{Profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity for different phases of the accelerating cavity.}137 \label{p3}138 \end{figure}%139 132 140 133 From our simulations we find that the parameter that has the most significant impact on the bunch length is the field in the FB (see fig.~\ref{p123}). The FB has been upgraded with respect to the original CLIO design and this explains why we can predict shorter bunches than what was originally foreseen in~\cite{blm,thesis-francois-glottin,comm}. Once this field is increased the phases of the other components need to be slightly optimized. To help us with this optimization we will use CTR and CSPR signals measured at the exit of the AC. … … 147 140 148 141 142 143 Our simulations also show that it is possible to make even shorter bunches with the accelerator, but at the expense of degrading others parameters (energy spread, etc.). \par 144 145 %Some profiles in such conditions are shown on figure~\ref{p3}.\par 146 %\begin{figure}[!htb] 147 % \centering 148 % \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Profile.eps} 149 % \caption{ 150 % Longitudinal profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity after optimization. The profile presented here is far an energy of 60.34~MeV with an energy spread $\Delta\gamma/\gamma$=0.5\%. 151 % Profile of the bunch at the exit of the acceleration cavity for different phases of the accelerating cavity.} 152 % \label{p3} 153 %\end{figure}% 154 149 155 \section{Bunch length measurements} 150 156 151 To measure and optimize the bunch length at CLIO we plan to use install a bunch length monitor at the exit of the AC at CLIO. This bunch length monitor will use two different radiative phenomenon: Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation (CSPR)~\cite{CSPR} and Coherent Transition Radiation (CTR)~\cite{CTR}. These two phenomenon both rely on radiation that become more intense when the bunch length is sufficiently short with respect to the observed wavelength. It is therefore important to calculate the (incoherent) Single Electron Yield (SEY) for each of them and the form factor of the bunch. In both cases the radiation emitted will be of form: 152 $$ 153 I_{\mbox{coh}}(\lambda) = I_1 ( N + N^2 \cal{F}(\lambda) ) 154 $$ 155 where $I_{\mbox{coh}}(\lambda)$ is the total radiation emitted at wavelength $\lambda$, $I_1$ is the SEY, $N$ is the bunch charge (number of electrons) and $\cal{F}(\lambda)$ is the bunch form factor at $\lambda$. More details can be found in \cite{CSPR,CTR} and in references therein. The signal emitted in the bunch length monitor will be measured by pyroelectric detectors. 156 A discussion of the SEY of CSPR and CTR is presented in another contribution to this conference~\cite{MOPMB003}. \par 157 158 159 On figure \ref{fig:FF} the form factor of the bunch at different AC phases is shown. On figure~\ref{sp} one can see the predicted spectrum for CSPR (the code used is based on~\cite{gfw}). Making the distinction between these profiles to know if the bunch has the target length will be rather easy as it will be a matter of looking at the direction in which the signal is the most intense~\ref{sp-normalised}. 157 To measure and optimize the bunch length at CLIO we plan to use install a bunch length monitor at the exit of the AC at CLIO. This bunch length monitor will use two different radiative phenomenon: Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation (CSPR)~\cite{CSPR} and Coherent Transition Radiation (CTR)~\cite{CTR}. A comparison of CSPR and CTR is presented in another contribution to this conference~\cite{MOPMB003}. \par 158 159 160 %These two phenomenon both rely on radiation that become more intense when the bunch length is sufficiently short with respect to the observed wavelength. It is therefore important to calculate the (incoherent) Single Electron Yield (SEY) for each of them and the form factor of the bunch. In both cases the radiation emitted will be of form: 161 %$$ 162 %I_{\mbox{coh}}(\lambda) = I_1 ( N + N^2 \cal{F}(\lambda) ) 163 %$$ 164 %where $I_{\mbox{coh}}(\lambda)$ is the total radiation emitted at wavelength $\lambda$, $I_1$ is the SEY, $N$ is the bunch charge (number of electrons) and $\cal{F}(\lambda)$ is the bunch form factor at $\lambda$. More details can be found in \cite{CSPR,CTR} and in references therein. The signal emitted in the bunch length monitor will be measured by pyroelectric detectors. 165 %A discussion of the SEY of CSPR and CTR is presented in another contribution to this conference~\cite{MOPMB003}. \par 166 167 168 On figure \ref{fig:FF} the form factor of the bunch at different AC phases is shown. On figure~\ref{sp} one can see the predicted spectrum for CSPR (the code used is based on~\cite{gfw}). Making the distinction between these profiles to know if the bunch has the target length will be rather easy as it will be a matter of looking at the direction in which the signal is the most intense as shown on figure~\ref{sp-normalised}. 160 169 161 170 … … 166 175 \label{fig:FF} 167 176 \end{figure} 177 178 \begin{figure}[!htb] 179 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/SPpolar.eps} 180 \caption{Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. } 181 \label{sp} 182 \end{figure} 183 168 184 169 185 \begin{figure}[!htb] … … 173 189 \label{sp-normalised} 174 190 \end{figure} 175 \begin{figure}[!htb] 176 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/SPpolar.eps} 177 \caption{Coherent Smith-Purcell spectrum as function of observation angle for different maximum field in the FB. The grating used for these simulations has a pitch of 8 mm and a blaze angle of$30^o$. } 178 \label{sp} 179 \end{figure} 180 181 182 The CTR measurement will use a single detectors located at 90$^o$. The discrimination between pulse length will therefore be based primarily on CTR intensity but to enhance this phenomena we will also use band-pass filters in THz wavelength designed according to~\cite{filt}. Figure~\ref{CTR-spectrum} shows the CTR spectrum before filtering and figure~\ref{filt} shows the expected yield after filtering. \par 191 192 193 The CTR measurement will use a single detectors located at 90$^o$. The discrimination between pulse length will therefore be based primarily on CTR intensity but to enhance this phenomena we will also use band-pass filters in THz wavelength designed according to~\cite{filt}. Figure~\ref{CTR-spectrum} shows the CTR spectrum before filtering. \par 183 194 184 195 … … 190 201 \end{figure} 191 202 192 \begin{figure}[!htb]193 \centering194 \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Filter2.eps}203 % \begin{figure}[!htb] 204 % \centering 205 % \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/Filter2.eps} 195 206 % \includegraphics[width=0.9\linewidth]{plots/CTR_Filter.eps} 196 \caption{Energy of CTR with mesh filters.}197 \label{filt}198 \end{figure}207 % \caption{Energy of CTR with mesh filters.} 208 % \label{filt} 209 % \end{figure} 199 210 200 211 Unlike the case of CSPR, CTR will only be used to estimate the bunch length and no detailed profile reconstruction will be attempted. -
papers/2016_IPAC/MOPMB002_SPESO/MOPMB002.tex
r496 r516 66 66 \title{First Measurements of Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation in the SOLEIL Linac\thanks{Work supported by the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01), the IDEATE International Associated Laboratory (LIA) between France and Ukraine and Research Grant \#F58/380-2013 (project F58/04) from the State Fund for Fundamental Researches of Ukraine in the frame of the State key laboratory of high energy physics." }} 67 67 68 \author{Nicolas Delerue\thanks{delerue@lal.in2p3.fr}, Joanna Barros, St\'ephane Jenzer, LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit\'e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.\\68 \author{Nicolas Delerue\thanks{delerue@lal.in2p3.fr}, Joanna Barros, St\'ephane Jenzer, Vitalii Khodnevych\textsuperscript{1}, Maksym Malovytsia\textsuperscript{2},\\ LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit\'e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.\\ 69 69 Nicolas Hubert, Marie Labat, Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France\\ 70 Maksym Malovytsia, KhNU, Kharkov, Ukraine\textsuperscript{1}\\71 Vitalii Khodnevych, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine\textsuperscript{1}\\72 \textsuperscript{1}also at LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit\'e Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.\\}70 \textsuperscript{1}also at National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine\\ 71 \textsuperscript{2}also at KhNU, Kharkov, Ukraine\\ 72 } 73 73 74 74
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