| 1 | <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>2.7. How to Make an Executable Program</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../xml/XSLCustomizationLayer/G4HTMLStylesheet.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.71.1"><link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Geant4 User's Guide for Application Developers"><link rel="up" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter 2. Getting Started with Geant4 - Running a Simple Example"><link rel="prev" href="ch02s06.html" title="2.6. How to Generate a Primary Event"><link rel="next" href="ch02s08.html" title="2.8. How to Set Up an Interactive Session"><script language="JavaScript">
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| 8 | </script></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">2.7.
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| 9 | How to Make an Executable Program
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| 10 | </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s06.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 2.
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| 11 | Getting Started with Geant4 - Running a Simple Example
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| 12 | </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02s08.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec"></a>2.7.
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| 13 | How to Make an Executable Program
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| 14 | </h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec.UNIX"></a>2.7.1.
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| 15 | Building ExampleN01 in a UNIX Environment
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| 16 | </h3></div></div></div><p>
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| 17 | The code for the user examples in Geant4 is placed in the directory
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| 18 | <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/examples</code>, where <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL</code> is the
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| 19 | environment variable set to the place where the Geant4 distribution
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| 20 | is installed (set by default to <code class="literal">$HOME/geant4</code>). In the
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| 21 | following sections, a quick overview on how the GNUmake mechanism
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| 22 | works in Geant4 will be given, and we will show how to build a
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| 23 | concrete example, "ExampleN01", which is part of the Geant4
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| 24 | distribution.
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| 25 | </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec.UNIX.HowGNUmakeWorks"></a>2.7.1.1.
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| 26 | How GNUmake works in Geant4
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| 27 | </h4></div></div></div><p>
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| 28 | The GNUmake process in Geant4 is mainly controlled by the following
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| 29 | GNUmake script files (<code class="literal">*.gmk</code> scripts are placed in
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| 30 | <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/config</code>):
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| 31 |
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| 32 | </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">architecture.gmk</code></span></dt><dd>
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| 33 | invoking and defining all the architecture specific settings
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| 34 | and paths which are stored in <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/config/sys</code>.
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| 35 | </dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">common.gmk</code></span></dt><dd>
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| 36 | defining all general GNUmake rules for building objects and libraries
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| 37 | </dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">globlib.gmk</code></span></dt><dd>
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| 38 | defining all general GNUmake rules for building compound libraries
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| 39 | </dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">binmake.gmk</code></span></dt><dd>
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| 40 | defining the general GNUmake rules for building executables
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| 41 | </dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="literal">GNUmakefile</code></span></dt><dd>
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| 42 | placed inside each directory in the Geant4 distribution and defining
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| 43 | directives specific to build a library, a set of sub-libraries, or
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| 44 | an executable.
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| 45 | </dd></dl></div><p>
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| 46 | </p><p>
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| 47 | Kernel libraries are placed by default in
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| 48 | <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/lib/$G4SYSTEM</code>, where <code class="literal">$G4SYSTEM</code>
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| 49 | specifies the system architecture and compiler in use. Executable
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| 50 | binaries are placed in <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR/bin/$G4SYSTEM</code>, and
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| 51 | temporary files (object-files and data products of the compilation
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| 52 | process) in <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR/tmp/$G4SYSTEM</code>. <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR</code>
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| 53 | (set by default to <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL</code>) should be set by the user
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| 54 | to specify the place his/her own workdir for Geant4 in the user
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| 55 | area.
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| 56 | </p><p>
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| 57 | For more information on how to build Geant4 kernel libraries and
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| 58 | set up the correct environment for Geant4, refer to the
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| 59 | "Installation Guide".
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| 60 | </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec.UNIX.BuildExec"></a>2.7.1.2.
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| 61 | Building the executable</h4></div></div></div><p>
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| 62 | The compilation process to build an executable, such as an example
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| 63 | from <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/examples</code>, is started by invoking the
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| 64 | "gmake" command from the (sub)directory in which you are
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| 65 | interested. To build, for instance, exampleN01 in your
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| 66 | <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR</code> area, you should copy the module
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| 67 | <code class="literal">$G4INSTALL/examples</code> to your <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR</code>
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| 68 | and do the following actions:
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| 69 |
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| 70 | </p><div class="informalexample"><pre class="programlisting">
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| 71 | > cd $G4WORKDIR/examples/novice/N01
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| 72 | > gmake
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| 73 | </pre></div><p>
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| 74 | </p><p>
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| 75 | This will create, in <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR/bin/$G4SYSTEM</code>, the
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| 76 | "exampleN01" executable, which you can invoke and run. You should
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| 77 | actually add <code class="literal">$G4WORKDIR/bin/$G4SYSTEM</code> to
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| 78 | <code class="literal">$PATH</code> in your environment.
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| 79 | </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec.Windows"></a>2.7.2.
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| 80 | Building ExampleN01 in a Windows Environment
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| 81 | </h3></div></div></div><p>
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| 82 | The procedure to build a Geant4 executable on a system based on a
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| 83 | Windows system is similar to what should be done on a UNIX based
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| 84 | system, assuming that your system is equipped with GNUmake,
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| 85 | MS-Visual C++ compiler and the required software to run Geant4 (see
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| 86 | "Installation Guide").
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| 87 | </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="sect.HowToMakeExec.Windows.BuildExec"></a>2.7.2.1.
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| 88 | Building the executable
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| 89 | </h4></div></div></div><p>
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| 90 | See paragraph <a href="ch02s07.html#sect.HowToMakeExec.UNIX" title="2.7.1.
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| 91 | Building ExampleN01 in a UNIX Environment
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| 92 | ">Section 2.7.1</a>.
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| 93 | </p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s06.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch02.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/up.gif" alt="Up"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02s08.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">2.6.
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| 94 | How to Generate a Primary Event
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| 95 | </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="AllResources/IconsGIF/home.gif" alt="Home"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 2.8.
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| 96 | How to Set Up an Interactive Session
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| 97 | </td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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