| 1 | <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"> |
|---|
| 2 | |
|---|
| 3 | <!--Converted with LaTeX2HTML 2002-2-1 (1.70) |
|---|
| 4 | original version by: Nikos Drakos, CBLU, University of Leeds |
|---|
| 5 | * revised and updated by: Marcus Hennecke, Ross Moore, Herb Swan |
|---|
| 6 | * with significant contributions from: |
|---|
| 7 | Jens Lippmann, Marek Rouchal, Martin Wilck and others --> |
|---|
| 8 | <HTML> |
|---|
| 9 | <HEAD> |
|---|
| 10 | <TITLE>Hadronic Interactions</TITLE> |
|---|
| 11 | <META NAME="description" CONTENT="Hadronic Interactions"> |
|---|
| 12 | <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="PhysicsReferenceManual"> |
|---|
| 13 | <META NAME="resource-type" CONTENT="document"> |
|---|
| 14 | <META NAME="distribution" CONTENT="global"> |
|---|
| 15 | |
|---|
| 16 | <META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="LaTeX2HTML v2002-2-1"> |
|---|
| 17 | <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Style-Type" CONTENT="text/css"> |
|---|
| 18 | |
|---|
| 19 | <LINK REL="STYLESHEET" HREF="PhysicsReferenceManual.css"> |
|---|
| 20 | |
|---|
| 21 | <LINK REL="previous" HREF="node17.html"> |
|---|
| 22 | <LINK REL="up" HREF="PhysicsReferenceManual.html"> |
|---|
| 23 | <LINK REL="next" HREF="node83.html"> |
|---|
| 24 | </HEAD> |
|---|
| 25 | |
|---|
| 26 | <BODY > |
|---|
| 27 | <!--Navigation Panel--> |
|---|
| 28 | <A NAME="tex2html2384" |
|---|
| 29 | HREF="node83.html"> |
|---|
| 30 | <IMG WIDTH="37" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="next" SRC="next.gif"></A> |
|---|
| 31 | <A NAME="tex2html2380" |
|---|
| 32 | HREF="PhysicsReferenceManual.html"> |
|---|
| 33 | <IMG WIDTH="26" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="up" SRC="up.gif"></A> |
|---|
| 34 | <A NAME="tex2html2376" |
|---|
| 35 | HREF="node81.html"> |
|---|
| 36 | <IMG WIDTH="63" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="previous" SRC="prev.gif"></A> |
|---|
| 37 | <A NAME="tex2html2382" |
|---|
| 38 | HREF="node1.html"> |
|---|
| 39 | <IMG WIDTH="65" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" ALT="contents" SRC="contents.gif"></A> |
|---|
| 40 | <BR> |
|---|
| 41 | <B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html2385" |
|---|
| 42 | HREF="node83.html">Lepton Hadron Interactions</A> |
|---|
| 43 | <B> Up:</B> <A NAME="tex2html2381" |
|---|
| 44 | HREF="PhysicsReferenceManual.html">Physics Reference Manual</A> |
|---|
| 45 | <B> Previous:</B> <A NAME="tex2html2377" |
|---|
| 46 | HREF="node81.html">Gflash Shower Parameterizations</A> |
|---|
| 47 | <B> <A NAME="tex2html2383" |
|---|
| 48 | HREF="node1.html">Contents</A></B> |
|---|
| 49 | <BR> |
|---|
| 50 | <BR> |
|---|
| 51 | <!--End of Navigation Panel--> |
|---|
| 52 | |
|---|
| 53 | <H1><A NAME="SECTION05000000000000000000"> |
|---|
| 54 | Hadronic Interactions</A> |
|---|
| 55 | </H1> |
|---|
| 56 | <BR><HR> |
|---|
| 57 | <!--Table of Child-Links--> |
|---|
| 58 | <A NAME="CHILD_LINKS"><STRONG>Subsections</STRONG></A> |
|---|
| 59 | |
|---|
| 60 | <UL> |
|---|
| 61 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2386" |
|---|
| 62 | HREF="node83.html">Lepton Hadron Interactions</A> |
|---|
| 63 | <UL> |
|---|
| 64 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2387" |
|---|
| 65 | HREF="node84.html"><I>G4MuonNucleusProcess</I></A> |
|---|
| 66 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2388" |
|---|
| 67 | HREF="node85.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 68 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2389" |
|---|
| 69 | HREF="node86.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 70 | </UL> |
|---|
| 71 | <BR> |
|---|
| 72 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2390" |
|---|
| 73 | HREF="node87.html">Cross-sections in Photonuclear/Electronuclear Reactions</A> |
|---|
| 74 | <UL> |
|---|
| 75 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2391" |
|---|
| 76 | HREF="node88.html">Approximation of Photonuclear Cross Sections.</A> |
|---|
| 77 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2392" |
|---|
| 78 | HREF="node89.html">Electronuclear Cross Sections and Reactions</A> |
|---|
| 79 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2393" |
|---|
| 80 | HREF="node90.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 81 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2394" |
|---|
| 82 | HREF="node91.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 83 | </UL> |
|---|
| 84 | <BR> |
|---|
| 85 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2395" |
|---|
| 86 | HREF="node92.html">Total Reaction Cross Section in Nucleus-nucleus Reactions</A> |
|---|
| 87 | <UL> |
|---|
| 88 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2396" |
|---|
| 89 | HREF="node93.html">Sihver Formula</A> |
|---|
| 90 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2397" |
|---|
| 91 | HREF="node94.html">Kox and Shen Formulae</A> |
|---|
| 92 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2398" |
|---|
| 93 | HREF="node95.html">Tripathi formula</A> |
|---|
| 94 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2399" |
|---|
| 95 | HREF="node96.html">Representative Cross Sections</A> |
|---|
| 96 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2400" |
|---|
| 97 | HREF="node97.html">Tripathi Formula for "light" Systems</A> |
|---|
| 98 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2401" |
|---|
| 99 | HREF="node98.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 100 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2402" |
|---|
| 101 | HREF="node99.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 102 | </UL> |
|---|
| 103 | <BR> |
|---|
| 104 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2403" |
|---|
| 105 | HREF="node100.html">Coherent elastic scattering</A> |
|---|
| 106 | <UL> |
|---|
| 107 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2404" |
|---|
| 108 | HREF="node101.html">Nucleon-Nucleon elastic Scattering</A> |
|---|
| 109 | </UL> |
|---|
| 110 | <BR> |
|---|
| 111 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2405" |
|---|
| 112 | HREF="node102.html">Hadron-nucleus Elastic Scattering at Medium/High Energy</A> |
|---|
| 113 | <UL> |
|---|
| 114 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2406" |
|---|
| 115 | HREF="node103.html">Method of Calculation</A> |
|---|
| 116 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2407" |
|---|
| 117 | HREF="node104.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 118 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2408" |
|---|
| 119 | HREF="node105.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 120 | </UL> |
|---|
| 121 | <BR> |
|---|
| 122 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2409" |
|---|
| 123 | HREF="node106.html">Interactions of Stopping Particles</A> |
|---|
| 124 | <UL> |
|---|
| 125 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2410" |
|---|
| 126 | HREF="node107.html">Complementary parameterised and theoretical treatment</A> |
|---|
| 127 | </UL> |
|---|
| 128 | <BR> |
|---|
| 129 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2411" |
|---|
| 130 | HREF="node108.html">Parametrization Driven Models</A> |
|---|
| 131 | <UL> |
|---|
| 132 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2412" |
|---|
| 133 | HREF="node109.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 134 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2413" |
|---|
| 135 | HREF="node110.html">Low Energy Model</A> |
|---|
| 136 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2414" |
|---|
| 137 | HREF="node111.html">High Energy Model</A> |
|---|
| 138 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2415" |
|---|
| 139 | HREF="node112.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 140 | </UL> |
|---|
| 141 | <BR> |
|---|
| 142 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2416" |
|---|
| 143 | HREF="node113.html">Leading Particle Bias</A> |
|---|
| 144 | <UL> |
|---|
| 145 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2417" |
|---|
| 146 | HREF="node114.html">Overview</A> |
|---|
| 147 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2418" |
|---|
| 148 | HREF="node115.html">Method</A> |
|---|
| 149 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2419" |
|---|
| 150 | HREF="node116.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 151 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2420" |
|---|
| 152 | HREF="node117.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 153 | </UL> |
|---|
| 154 | <BR> |
|---|
| 155 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2421" |
|---|
| 156 | HREF="node118.html">Parton string model.</A> |
|---|
| 157 | <UL> |
|---|
| 158 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2422" |
|---|
| 159 | HREF="node119.html">Reaction initial state simulation.</A> |
|---|
| 160 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2423" |
|---|
| 161 | HREF="node120.html">Sample of collision participants |
|---|
| 162 | in nuclear collisions.</A> |
|---|
| 163 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2424" |
|---|
| 164 | HREF="node121.html">Longitudinal string excitation</A> |
|---|
| 165 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2425" |
|---|
| 166 | HREF="node122.html">Longitudinal string decay.</A> |
|---|
| 167 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2426" |
|---|
| 168 | HREF="node123.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 169 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2427" |
|---|
| 170 | HREF="node124.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 171 | </UL> |
|---|
| 172 | <BR> |
|---|
| 173 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2428" |
|---|
| 174 | HREF="node125.html">Chiral Invariant Phase Space Decay.</A> |
|---|
| 175 | <UL> |
|---|
| 176 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2429" |
|---|
| 177 | HREF="node126.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 178 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2430" |
|---|
| 179 | HREF="node127.html">Fundamental Concepts</A> |
|---|
| 180 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2431" |
|---|
| 181 | HREF="node128.html">Code Development</A> |
|---|
| 182 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2432" |
|---|
| 183 | HREF="node129.html">Nucleon-Antinucleon Annihilation at Rest</A> |
|---|
| 184 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2433" |
|---|
| 185 | HREF="node130.html">Nuclear Pion Capture Below Delta(3,3)</A> |
|---|
| 186 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2434" |
|---|
| 187 | HREF="node131.html">Modeling of real and virtual photon interactions</A> |
|---|
| 188 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2435" |
|---|
| 189 | HREF="node132.html">Chiral invariant phase-space decay</A> |
|---|
| 190 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2436" |
|---|
| 191 | HREF="node133.html">Neutrino-nuclear interactions</A> |
|---|
| 192 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2437" |
|---|
| 193 | HREF="node134.html">Conclusion.</A> |
|---|
| 194 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2438" |
|---|
| 195 | HREF="node135.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 196 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2439" |
|---|
| 197 | HREF="node136.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 198 | </UL> |
|---|
| 199 | <BR> |
|---|
| 200 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2440" |
|---|
| 201 | HREF="node137.html">Bertini Intranuclear Cascade Model in G<SMALL>EANT4</SMALL> </A> |
|---|
| 202 | <UL> |
|---|
| 203 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2441" |
|---|
| 204 | HREF="node138.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 205 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2442" |
|---|
| 206 | HREF="node139.html">The Geant4 Cascade Model</A> |
|---|
| 207 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2443" |
|---|
| 208 | HREF="node140.html">Interfacing Bertini implementation</A> |
|---|
| 209 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2444" |
|---|
| 210 | HREF="node141.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 211 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2445" |
|---|
| 212 | HREF="node142.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 213 | </UL> |
|---|
| 214 | <BR> |
|---|
| 215 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2446" |
|---|
| 216 | HREF="node143.html">The G<SMALL>EANT4</SMALL> Binary Cascade</A> |
|---|
| 217 | <UL> |
|---|
| 218 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2447" |
|---|
| 219 | HREF="node144.html">Modeling overview</A> |
|---|
| 220 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2448" |
|---|
| 221 | HREF="node145.html">Comparison with experiments</A> |
|---|
| 222 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2449" |
|---|
| 223 | HREF="node146.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 224 | </UL> |
|---|
| 225 | <BR> |
|---|
| 226 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2450" |
|---|
| 227 | HREF="node147.html">Abrasion-ablation Model</A> |
|---|
| 228 | <UL> |
|---|
| 229 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2451" |
|---|
| 230 | HREF="node148.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 231 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2452" |
|---|
| 232 | HREF="node149.html">Initial nuclear dynamics and impact parameter</A> |
|---|
| 233 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2453" |
|---|
| 234 | HREF="node150.html">Abrasion process</A> |
|---|
| 235 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2454" |
|---|
| 236 | HREF="node151.html">Abraded nucleon spectrum</A> |
|---|
| 237 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2455" |
|---|
| 238 | HREF="node152.html">De-excitation of nuclear pre-fragments by standard G4</A> |
|---|
| 239 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2456" |
|---|
| 240 | HREF="node153.html">De-excitation of nuclear pre-fragments by nuclear ablation</A> |
|---|
| 241 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2457" |
|---|
| 242 | HREF="node154.html">Definition of the functions P and F used in the abrasion model</A> |
|---|
| 243 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2458" |
|---|
| 244 | HREF="node155.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 245 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2459" |
|---|
| 246 | HREF="node156.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 247 | </UL> |
|---|
| 248 | <BR> |
|---|
| 249 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2460" |
|---|
| 250 | HREF="node157.html">Electromagnetic Dissociation Model</A> |
|---|
| 251 | <UL> |
|---|
| 252 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2461" |
|---|
| 253 | HREF="node158.html">The Model</A> |
|---|
| 254 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2462" |
|---|
| 255 | HREF="node159.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 256 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2463" |
|---|
| 257 | HREF="node160.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 258 | </UL> |
|---|
| 259 | <BR> |
|---|
| 260 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2464" |
|---|
| 261 | HREF="node161.html">Precompound model.</A> |
|---|
| 262 | <UL> |
|---|
| 263 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2465" |
|---|
| 264 | HREF="node162.html">Reaction initial state.</A> |
|---|
| 265 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2466" |
|---|
| 266 | HREF="node163.html">Simulation of pre-compound reaction</A> |
|---|
| 267 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2467" |
|---|
| 268 | HREF="node164.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 269 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2468" |
|---|
| 270 | HREF="node165.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 271 | </UL> |
|---|
| 272 | <BR> |
|---|
| 273 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2469" |
|---|
| 274 | HREF="node166.html">Evaporation Model</A> |
|---|
| 275 | <UL> |
|---|
| 276 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2470" |
|---|
| 277 | HREF="node167.html">Introduction.</A> |
|---|
| 278 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2471" |
|---|
| 279 | HREF="node168.html">Model description.</A> |
|---|
| 280 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2472" |
|---|
| 281 | HREF="node169.html">GEM Model</A> |
|---|
| 282 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2473" |
|---|
| 283 | HREF="node170.html">Fission probability calculation.</A> |
|---|
| 284 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2474" |
|---|
| 285 | HREF="node171.html">The Total Probability for Photon Evaporation</A> |
|---|
| 286 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2475" |
|---|
| 287 | HREF="node172.html">Discrete photon evaporation</A> |
|---|
| 288 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2476" |
|---|
| 289 | HREF="node173.html">Internal conversion electron emission</A> |
|---|
| 290 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2477" |
|---|
| 291 | HREF="node174.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 292 | </UL> |
|---|
| 293 | <BR> |
|---|
| 294 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2478" |
|---|
| 295 | HREF="node175.html">Fission model.</A> |
|---|
| 296 | <UL> |
|---|
| 297 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2479" |
|---|
| 298 | HREF="node176.html">Reaction initial state.</A> |
|---|
| 299 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2480" |
|---|
| 300 | HREF="node177.html">Fission process simulation.</A> |
|---|
| 301 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2481" |
|---|
| 302 | HREF="node178.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 303 | </UL> |
|---|
| 304 | <BR> |
|---|
| 305 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2482" |
|---|
| 306 | HREF="node179.html">Fermi break-up model.</A> |
|---|
| 307 | <UL> |
|---|
| 308 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2483" |
|---|
| 309 | HREF="node180.html">Fermi break-up simulation for light nuclei.</A> |
|---|
| 310 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2484" |
|---|
| 311 | HREF="node181.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 312 | </UL> |
|---|
| 313 | <BR> |
|---|
| 314 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2485" |
|---|
| 315 | HREF="node182.html">Multifragmentation model.</A> |
|---|
| 316 | <UL> |
|---|
| 317 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2486" |
|---|
| 318 | HREF="node183.html">Multifragmentation process simulation.</A> |
|---|
| 319 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2487" |
|---|
| 320 | HREF="node184.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 321 | </UL> |
|---|
| 322 | <BR> |
|---|
| 323 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2488" |
|---|
| 324 | HREF="node185.html">INCL 4.2 Cascade and ABLA V3 Evaporation with Fission</A> |
|---|
| 325 | <UL> |
|---|
| 326 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2489" |
|---|
| 327 | HREF="node186.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 328 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2490" |
|---|
| 329 | HREF="node187.html">INCL4.2 cascade</A> |
|---|
| 330 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2491" |
|---|
| 331 | HREF="node188.html">ABLA V3 evaporation</A> |
|---|
| 332 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2492" |
|---|
| 333 | HREF="node189.html">External data file required</A> |
|---|
| 334 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2493" |
|---|
| 335 | HREF="node190.html">Implementation details</A> |
|---|
| 336 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2494" |
|---|
| 337 | HREF="node191.html">Physics Performance</A> |
|---|
| 338 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2495" |
|---|
| 339 | HREF="node192.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 340 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2496" |
|---|
| 341 | HREF="node193.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 342 | </UL> |
|---|
| 343 | <BR> |
|---|
| 344 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2497" |
|---|
| 345 | HREF="node194.html">Low Energy Neutron Interactions</A> |
|---|
| 346 | <UL> |
|---|
| 347 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2498" |
|---|
| 348 | HREF="node195.html">Introduction</A> |
|---|
| 349 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2499" |
|---|
| 350 | HREF="node196.html">Physics and Verification</A> |
|---|
| 351 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2500" |
|---|
| 352 | HREF="node197.html">High Precision Models and Low Energy Parameterized Models</A> |
|---|
| 353 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2501" |
|---|
| 354 | HREF="node198.html">Summary</A> |
|---|
| 355 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2502" |
|---|
| 356 | HREF="node199.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 357 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2503" |
|---|
| 358 | HREF="node200.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 359 | </UL> |
|---|
| 360 | <BR> |
|---|
| 361 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2504" |
|---|
| 362 | HREF="node201.html">Radioactive Decay</A> |
|---|
| 363 | <UL> |
|---|
| 364 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2505" |
|---|
| 365 | HREF="node202.html">The Radioactive Decay Module</A> |
|---|
| 366 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2506" |
|---|
| 367 | HREF="node203.html">Sampling</A> |
|---|
| 368 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2507" |
|---|
| 369 | HREF="node204.html">Status of this document</A> |
|---|
| 370 | <LI><A NAME="tex2html2508" |
|---|
| 371 | HREF="node205.html">Bibliography</A> |
|---|
| 372 | </UL></UL> |
|---|
| 373 | <!--End of Table of Child-Links--> |
|---|
| 374 | <BR><HR> |
|---|
| 375 | |
|---|
| 376 | </BODY> |
|---|
| 377 | </HTML> |
|---|
