| [901] | 1 | <html>
|
|---|
| 2 | <head>
|
|---|
| 3 | <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
|
|---|
| 4 | <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
|
|---|
| 5 | <title>Geant4 Picture Gallery</title>
|
|---|
| 6 | <link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://cern.ch/geant4/images/g4.gif">
|
|---|
| 7 | </head>
|
|---|
| 8 |
|
|---|
| 9 | <body>
|
|---|
| 10 | <pre> </pre>
|
|---|
| 11 |
|
|---|
| 12 | <center>
|
|---|
| 13 | <img SRC="http://cern.ch/geant4/images/g4_small.gif" ALT="GEANT4" height=76 width=312>
|
|---|
| 14 | <h1>Picture Gallery</h1>
|
|---|
| 15 | <i>Click on the picture to get its full-size version</i>
|
|---|
| 16 | </center>
|
|---|
| 17 |
|
|---|
| 18 | <pre> </pre>
|
|---|
| 19 |
|
|---|
| 20 | <table border="1" width="100%">
|
|---|
| 21 | <tbody>
|
|---|
| 22 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 23 | <td width=420 align="left"><img src="TTpictures_files/CoverHalf.jpg" border="0" height="278" width="369"></td>
|
|---|
| 24 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">Cover page of the
|
|---|
| 25 | June 2002 CERN Courier:<br>
|
|---|
| 26 | The top image shows an Artist's impression of the BepiColombo spacecraft
|
|---|
| 27 | arrriving at the planet Mercury.
|
|---|
| 28 | <p>
|
|---|
| 29 | <i>ESA, European Space Agency</i>
|
|---|
| 30 | <p>
|
|---|
| 31 | The central image shows the geometry of the CMS detector in preparation
|
|---|
| 32 | for CERN's Large Hadron Collider visualized with the Iguana system.
|
|---|
| 33 | <p>
|
|---|
| 34 | <i>The CMS Collaboration</i>
|
|---|
| 35 | <p>
|
|---|
| 36 | The bottom image is a cancer brachytherapy applicator together with the
|
|---|
| 37 | dose distribution in human tissue.</font>
|
|---|
| 38 | <p>
|
|---|
| 39 | <i>National Institute for Cancer Research, Genova & INFN Genova</i></td>
|
|---|
| 40 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 41 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 42 | <td><img src="TTpictures_files/AtlasHalf.jpg" border="0" height="270" width="383"></td>
|
|---|
| 43 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 44 | The ATLAS collaboration is using Geant4 to simulate its detector and
|
|---|
| 45 | its test beams. A large collections of comparison of test beam data
|
|---|
| 46 | with Geant4 have been undertaken. This picture shows a view of the
|
|---|
| 47 | ATLAS detector's outer muon chambers.
|
|---|
| 48 | <p>
|
|---|
| 49 | <i>The ATLAS Collaboration</i>
|
|---|
| 50 | </font>
|
|---|
| 51 | </td>
|
|---|
| 52 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 53 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 54 | <td><a href="http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/SOFTWARE/OO/simulation/geant4/photoalbum.html"
|
|---|
| 55 | target="ext"><img src="Atlas-more.png" border="0" height="211" width="314"></a></td>
|
|---|
| 56 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 57 | <a href="http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/SOFTWARE/OO/simulation/geant4/photoalbum.html"
|
|---|
| 58 | target="ext">More pictures</a> of the ATLAS experiment
|
|---|
| 59 | for CERN's forthcoming LHC (links to pages of the ATLAS web site).
|
|---|
| 60 | <p>
|
|---|
| 61 | <i>The ATLAS Collaboration</i>
|
|---|
| 62 | </font>
|
|---|
| 63 | </td>
|
|---|
| 64 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 65 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 66 | <td><a href="fullsize/LXeOpticalPhotonExample.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 67 | src="fullsize/LXeOpticalPhotonExample.jpg" border="0" height="270" width="360"></a></td>
|
|---|
| 68 | </td>
|
|---|
| 69 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 70 | Optical photons in Geant4
|
|---|
| 71 | <p>
|
|---|
| 72 | <i>T.MacPhail, P.Gumplinger (TRIUMF)</i>
|
|---|
| 73 | </font>
|
|---|
| 74 | </td>
|
|---|
| 75 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 76 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 77 | <td><img src="TTpictures_files/ApplicatorHalf.gif" border="0" height="271" width="241"></td>
|
|---|
| 78 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">A superficial
|
|---|
| 79 | brachytherapy device and the resulting dose distribution, simulated with
|
|---|
| 80 | Geant4 and analysed with CERN's Anaphe analysis tool.
|
|---|
| 81 | <p>
|
|---|
| 82 | <i>National Institute for Cancer Research, Genova & INFN Genova</i>
|
|---|
| 83 | </font>
|
|---|
| 84 | </td>
|
|---|
| 85 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 86 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 87 | <td><img src="TTpictures_files/XMMsmall.jpg" border="0" height="306" width="413"></td>
|
|---|
| 88 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">Two
|
|---|
| 89 | years in orbit and over 1200 observations so far, XMM-Newton is now
|
|---|
| 90 | preparing a second round of observations. An assembly of 51 mirrors,
|
|---|
| 91 | carefully sized, formed and nested one inside another, makes XMM the most
|
|---|
| 92 | sensitive X-ray telescope ever built. ESA's XMM-Newton derives its
|
|---|
| 93 | name from its X-ray multi-mirror design and honours Sir Isaac Newton. This
|
|---|
| 94 | unique X-ray observatory was launched by Ariane 5 from the European
|
|---|
| 95 | spaceport in French Guiana on 10 December 1999.
|
|---|
| 96 | <p>
|
|---|
| 97 | <i>Photo: ESA-Ducros</i>
|
|---|
| 98 | </font>
|
|---|
| 99 | </td>
|
|---|
| 100 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 101 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 102 | <td>
|
|---|
| 103 | <a href="fullsize/ZepIII_general.gif" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 104 | src="fullsize/ZepIII_general.gif" border="0" height="260" width="260">
|
|---|
| 105 | <a href="fullsize/ZepIII_hits.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 106 | src="fullsize/ZepIII_hits.jpg" border="0" height="140" width="140">
|
|---|
| 107 | </td>
|
|---|
| 108 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 109 | ZEPLIN III (picture on the left) is a two-phase xenon experiment being built by the UK Dark
|
|---|
| 110 | Matter Collaboration which will try to detect dark matter WIMPs from
|
|---|
| 111 | their elastic scattering in a liquid xenon target. ZEPLIN III will
|
|---|
| 112 | measure both the scintillation and ionisation signals produced by nuclear
|
|---|
| 113 | recoils potentially caused by WIMPs. The Geant4 model simulates
|
|---|
| 114 | particle interactions in the detector, prompt scintillation as well
|
|---|
| 115 | as the production and emission of ionisation charge at the surface
|
|---|
| 116 | of the liquid by means of an applied electric field. In the gaseous xenon
|
|---|
| 117 | above the liquid, this charge is converted into electroluminescence photons
|
|---|
| 118 | which are tracked and detected by an array of photomultiplier tubes
|
|---|
| 119 | (picture on the right).
|
|---|
| 120 | <p>
|
|---|
| 121 | <i>H.Araujo (Imperial College London & UK Dark Matter Collaboration)</i>
|
|---|
| 122 | </font>
|
|---|
| 123 | </td>
|
|---|
| 124 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 125 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 126 | <td>
|
|---|
| 127 | <a href="fullsize/LISASpacecraft.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 128 | src="fullsize/LISASpacecraft.jpg" border="0" height="400" width="400"></a>
|
|---|
| 129 | </td>
|
|---|
| 130 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 131 | Geant4 geometry model of a LISA Science Module spacecraft (picture on the
|
|---|
| 132 | left) used for test-mass charging simulations. LISA is a joint ESA/NASA
|
|---|
| 133 | mission (launch in 2013) designed to detect gravitational waves by means of
|
|---|
| 134 | interferometric measurements in space. These are performed between
|
|---|
| 135 | three spacecraft flying 5 million km apart in a triangular constellation.
|
|---|
| 136 | Exposed to energetic particles in the space environment, the isolated
|
|---|
| 137 | test masses aboard the LISA spacecraft will accumulate electrostatic
|
|---|
| 138 | charge, which can affect the sensitivity to gravitational waves.
|
|---|
| 139 | <p>
|
|---|
| 140 | <i>H.Araujo, P.Wass (Imperial College London)<br>
|
|---|
| 141 | Work supported by the European Space Agency (ESA)<br>
|
|---|
| 142 | through the SEPTIMESS project under Contract No.16339/02/NL/FM</i>
|
|---|
| 143 | </font>
|
|---|
| 144 | </td>
|
|---|
| 145 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 146 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 147 | <td>
|
|---|
| 148 | <a href="fullsize/LISAEvent.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 149 | src="fullsize/LISAEvent.jpg" border="0" height="255" width="255"></a>
|
|---|
| 150 | <a href="fullsize/LISAInertialSensor.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 151 | src="smallsize/LISAInertialSensor.jpg" border="0" height="255" width="160"></a>
|
|---|
| 152 | </td>
|
|---|
| 153 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 154 | Picture on the left:<br>
|
|---|
| 155 | Simulation of the nuclear reaction of a cosmic-ray proton in one
|
|---|
| 156 | of the LISA inertial sensors. These events can lead to a large number of
|
|---|
| 157 | charged particles being ejected from, or imparted into the test masses.
|
|---|
| 158 | <p>
|
|---|
| 159 | Picture on the right:<br>
|
|---|
| 160 | Geant4 geometry model of the inertial sensors which may be used in
|
|---|
| 161 | LISA (see above) and its demonstrator mission LISA Pathfinder (see below).
|
|---|
| 162 | The simulations tally the charge entering and leaving each test mass (yellow)
|
|---|
| 163 | as a result of the interaction of energetic cosmic rays with the spacecraft.
|
|---|
| 164 | <p>
|
|---|
| 165 | <i>H.Araujo, P.Wass (Imperial College London)<br>
|
|---|
| 166 | Work supported by the European Space Agency (ESA)<br>
|
|---|
| 167 | through the SEPTIMESS project under Contract No.16339/02/NL/FM</i>
|
|---|
| 168 | </font>
|
|---|
| 169 | </td>
|
|---|
| 170 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 171 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 172 | <td>
|
|---|
| 173 | <a href="fullsize/Pathfinder.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 174 | src="fullsize/Pathfinder.jpg" border="0" height="205" width="205"></a>
|
|---|
| 175 | <a href="fullsize/LTP.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 176 | src="fullsize/LTP.jpg" border="0" height="205" width="205"></a>
|
|---|
| 177 | </td>
|
|---|
| 178 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 179 | Picture on the left:<br>
|
|---|
| 180 | Geant4 geometry of the LISA Pathfinder spacecraft. The Pathfinder is
|
|---|
| 181 | an ESA mission (launch in 2008) aimed at demonstrating key technologies
|
|---|
| 182 | required for the success of LISA. The model was used to simulate
|
|---|
| 183 | test-mass charging in the inertial sensors of the LISA Technology Package
|
|---|
| 184 | (LTP).
|
|---|
| 185 | <p>
|
|---|
| 186 | Picture on the right:<br>
|
|---|
| 187 | Model of the LISA Technology Package payload; each vessel contains one
|
|---|
| 188 | inertial sensor similar to the one shown previously.
|
|---|
| 189 | <p>
|
|---|
| 190 | <i>P.Wass and H.Araujo (Imperial College London)<br>
|
|---|
| 191 | Work supported by the European Space Agency (ESA)<br>
|
|---|
| 192 | through the SEPTIMESS project under Contract No.16339/02/NL/FM</i>
|
|---|
| 193 | </font>
|
|---|
| 194 | </td>
|
|---|
| 195 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 196 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 197 | <td>
|
|---|
| 198 | <a href="fullsize/Baksan-1.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 199 | src="fullsize/Baksan-1.jpg" border="0" height="205" width="205"></a>
|
|---|
| 200 | <a href="fullsize/Baksan-2.jpg" target="ext"><img
|
|---|
| 201 | src="fullsize/Baksan-2.jpg" border="0" height="205" width="205"></a>
|
|---|
| 202 | </td>
|
|---|
| 203 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 204 | Using Geant4 to simulate the response
|
|---|
| 205 | of Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope (BUST) for both
|
|---|
| 206 | single cosmic ray muons and their bundles. The goal of this
|
|---|
| 207 | calculations is to check a technique for Very High Energy (VHE)
|
|---|
| 208 | (100 TeV) muons selection and to compare results with
|
|---|
| 209 | experimental data. Excess of VHE muons can be the evidence for
|
|---|
| 210 | new physics existence at PeV energies (that corresponds to TeV
|
|---|
| 211 | energies in the center-of-mass system).
|
|---|
| 212 | <p>
|
|---|
| 213 | <i>V.N. Bakatanov et al. "Study of very high energy
|
|---|
| 214 | muons on the basis of data of the Baksan Underground
|
|---|
| 215 | Scintillation Telescope"<br>
|
|---|
| 216 | 26<sup>th</sup> Russian Cosmic Ray Conference</i>
|
|---|
| 217 | </font>
|
|---|
| 218 | </td>
|
|---|
| 219 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 220 | </tbody>
|
|---|
| 221 | <table>
|
|---|
| 222 |
|
|---|
| 223 | <hr width=100%>
|
|---|
| 224 |
|
|---|
| 225 | <p> </p>
|
|---|
| 226 |
|
|---|
| 227 | <table border="1" width="100%">
|
|---|
| 228 | <tbody>
|
|---|
| 229 | <tr>
|
|---|
| 230 | <td><a href="fullsize/geant4-poster.pdf" target="ext"><img src="smallsize/geant4-poster.jpg">
|
|---|
| 231 | </td>
|
|---|
| 232 | <td align="left" valign="top"><font face="Arial Narrow">
|
|---|
| 233 | Poster prepared by CERN technology transfer for Geant4.
|
|---|
| 234 | <p>
|
|---|
| 235 | <i>CERN, Geneva</i>
|
|---|
| 236 | </font>
|
|---|
| 237 | </td>
|
|---|
| 238 | </tr>
|
|---|
| 239 | </tbody>
|
|---|
| 240 | </table>
|
|---|
| 241 |
|
|---|
| 242 | <p>
|
|---|
| 243 | <hr WIDTH="100%">
|
|---|
| 244 | <br>
|
|---|
| 245 |
|
|---|
| 246 | <i>Thursday, 9 June 2005,
|
|---|
| 247 | <a href="http://consult.cern.ch/xwho/people/1342">GF</a>
|
|---|
| 248 | </i>
|
|---|
| 249 | </body>
|
|---|
| 250 | </html>
|
|---|
