[904] | 1 | <!-- ******************************************************** --> |
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| 2 | <!-- --> |
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| 3 | <!-- [History] --> |
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| 4 | <!-- Converted to DocBook: Katsuya Amako, Aug-2006 --> |
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| 5 | <!-- Changed by: Gabriele Cosmo, 18-Apr-2005 --> |
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| 6 | <!-- --> |
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| 7 | <!-- ******************************************************** --> |
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| 8 | |
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| 9 | |
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| 10 | <!-- ******************* Section (Level#2) ****************** --> |
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| 11 | <sect2 id="sect.Geom.Solids"> |
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| 12 | <title> |
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| 13 | Solids |
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| 14 | </title> |
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| 15 | |
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| 16 | <para> |
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| 17 | The STEP standard supports multiple solid representations. |
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| 18 | Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) representations and Boundary |
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| 19 | Represented Solids (BREPs) are available. Different representations |
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| 20 | are suitable for different purposes, applications, required |
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| 21 | complexity, and levels of detail. CSG representations are easy to |
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| 22 | use and normally give superior performance, but they cannot |
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| 23 | reproduce complex solids such as those used in CAD systems. BREP |
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| 24 | representations can handle more extended topologies and reproduce |
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| 25 | the most complex solids. |
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| 26 | </para> |
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| 27 | |
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| 28 | <para> |
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| 29 | All constructed solids can stream out their contents via |
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| 30 | appropriate methods and streaming operators. |
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| 31 | </para> |
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| 32 | |
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| 33 | <para> |
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| 34 | For all solids it is possible to estimate the geometrical volume and the |
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| 35 | surface area by invoking the methods: |
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| 36 | |
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| 37 | <informalexample> |
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| 38 | <programlisting> |
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| 39 | G4double GetCubicVolume() |
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| 40 | G4double GetSurfaceArea() |
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| 41 | </programlisting> |
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| 42 | </informalexample> |
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| 43 | |
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| 44 | which return an estimate of the solid volume and total area in internal |
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| 45 | units respectively. For elementary solids the functions compute the exact |
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| 46 | geometrical quantities, while for composite or complex solids an estimate |
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| 47 | is made using Monte Carlo techniques. |
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| 48 | </para> |
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| 49 | |
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| 50 | <para> |
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| 51 | For all solids it is also possible to generate pseudo-random |
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| 52 | points lying on their surfaces, by invoking the method |
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| 53 | |
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| 54 | <informalexample> |
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| 55 | <programlisting> |
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| 56 | G4ThreeVector GetPointOnSurface() const |
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| 57 | </programlisting> |
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| 58 | </informalexample> |
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| 59 | |
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| 60 | which returns the generated point in local coordinates relative to |
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| 61 | the solid. |
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| 62 | </para> |
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| 63 | |
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| 64 | |
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| 65 | <!-- ******************* Section (Level#3) ****************** --> |
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| 66 | <sect3 id="sect.Geom.Solids.CSG"> |
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| 67 | <title> |
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| 68 | Constructed Solid Geometry (CSG) Solids |
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| 69 | </title> |
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| 70 | |
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| 71 | <para> |
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| 72 | CSG solids are defined directly as three-dimensional primitives. |
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| 73 | They are described by a minimal set of parameters necessary to |
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| 74 | define the shape and size of the solid. CSG solids are Boxes, Tubes |
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| 75 | and their sections, Cones and their sections, Spheres, Wedges, and |
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| 76 | Toruses. |
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| 77 | </para> |
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| 78 | |
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| 79 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
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| 80 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
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| 81 | Box: |
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| 82 | </bridgehead> |
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| 83 | |
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| 84 | <para> |
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| 85 | To create a <emphasis role="bold">box</emphasis> one can use the constructor: |
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| 86 | |
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| 87 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
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| 88 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
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| 89 | <tbody> |
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| 90 | <row> |
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| 91 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
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| 92 | <informalexample> |
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| 93 | <programlisting> |
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| 94 | G4Box(const G4String& pName, |
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| 95 | G4double pX, |
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| 96 | G4double pY, |
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| 97 | G4double pZ) |
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| 98 | </programlisting> |
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| 99 | </informalexample> |
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| 100 | </entry> |
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| 101 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
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| 102 | <mediaobject> |
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| 103 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
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| 104 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBox.jpg" |
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| 105 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
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| 106 | </imageobject> |
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| 107 | <imageobject role="html"> |
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| 108 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBox.jpg" |
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| 109 | format="JPG" /> |
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| 110 | </imageobject> |
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| 111 | </mediaobject> |
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| 112 | |
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| 113 | <?JavaScript pic1.html ?> |
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| 114 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
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| 115 | <literal> |
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| 116 | <para> |
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| 117 | pX = 30, pY = 40, pZ = 60 |
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| 118 | </para> |
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| 119 | </literal> |
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| 120 | </entry> |
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| 121 | </row> |
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| 122 | </tbody> |
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| 123 | </tgroup> |
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| 124 | </informaltable> |
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| 125 | </para> |
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| 126 | |
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| 127 | <para> |
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| 128 | by giving the box a name and its half-lengths along the X, Y and |
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| 129 | Z axis: |
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| 130 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
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| 131 | <tgroup cols="6"> |
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| 132 | <tbody> |
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| 133 | <row> |
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| 134 | <entry> |
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| 135 | <literal>pX</literal> |
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| 136 | </entry> |
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| 137 | <entry> |
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| 138 | half length in X |
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| 139 | </entry> |
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| 140 | <entry> |
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| 141 | <literal>pY</literal> |
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| 142 | </entry> |
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| 143 | <entry> |
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| 144 | half length in Y |
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| 145 | </entry> |
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| 146 | <entry> |
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| 147 | <literal>pZ</literal> |
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| 148 | </entry> |
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| 149 | <entry> |
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| 150 | half length in Z |
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| 151 | </entry> |
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| 152 | </row> |
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| 153 | </tbody> |
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| 154 | </tgroup> |
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| 155 | </informaltable> |
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| 156 | </para> |
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| 157 | |
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| 158 | <para> |
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| 159 | This will create a box that extends from <literal>-pX</literal> to |
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| 160 | <literal>+pX</literal> in X, from <literal>-pY</literal> to |
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| 161 | <literal>+pY</literal> in Y, and from |
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| 162 | <literal>-pZ</literal> to <literal>+pZ</literal> in Z. |
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| 163 | </para> |
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| 164 | |
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| 165 | <para> |
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| 166 | For example to create a box that is 2 by 6 by 10 centimeters in |
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| 167 | full length, and called <literal>BoxA</literal> one should use the following |
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| 168 | code: |
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| 169 | <informalexample> |
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| 170 | <programlisting> |
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| 171 | G4Box* aBox = new G4Box("BoxA", 1.0*cm, 3.0*cm, 5.0*cm); |
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| 172 | </programlisting> |
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| 173 | </informalexample> |
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| 174 | </para> |
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| 175 | |
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| 176 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
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| 177 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
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| 178 | Cylindrical Section or Tube: |
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| 179 | </bridgehead> |
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| 180 | |
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| 181 | <para> |
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| 182 | Similarly to create a <emphasis role="bold">cylindrical section</emphasis> |
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| 183 | or <emphasis role="bold">tube</emphasis>, one would use the constructor: |
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| 184 | |
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| 185 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
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| 186 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
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| 187 | <tbody> |
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| 188 | <row> |
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| 189 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
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| 190 | <informalexample> |
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| 191 | <programlisting> |
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| 192 | G4Tubs(const G4String& pName, |
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| 193 | G4double pRMin, |
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| 194 | G4double pRMax, |
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| 195 | G4double pDz, |
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| 196 | G4double pSPhi, |
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| 197 | G4double pDPhi) |
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| 198 | </programlisting> |
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| 199 | </informalexample> |
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| 200 | </entry> |
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| 201 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
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| 202 | <mediaobject> |
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| 203 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
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| 204 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTubs.jpg" |
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| 205 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
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| 206 | </imageobject> |
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| 207 | <imageobject role="html"> |
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| 208 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTubs.jpg" |
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| 209 | format="JPG" /> |
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| 210 | </imageobject> |
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| 211 | </mediaobject> |
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| 212 | |
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| 213 | <?JavaScript pic2.html ?> |
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| 214 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
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| 215 | <literal> |
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| 216 | <para> |
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| 217 | pRMin = 10, pRMax = 15, pDz = 20 |
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| 218 | </para> |
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| 219 | </literal> |
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| 220 | </entry> |
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| 221 | </row> |
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| 222 | </tbody> |
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| 223 | </tgroup> |
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| 224 | </informaltable> |
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| 225 | </para> |
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| 226 | |
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| 227 | <para> |
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| 228 | giving its name <literal>pName</literal> and its parameters which are: |
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| 229 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
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| 230 | <tgroup cols="4"> |
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| 231 | <tbody> |
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| 232 | <row> |
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| 233 | <entry> |
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| 234 | <literal>pRMin</literal> |
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| 235 | </entry> |
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| 236 | <entry> |
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| 237 | Inner radius |
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| 238 | </entry> |
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| 239 | <entry> |
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| 240 | <literal>pRMax</literal> |
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| 241 | </entry> |
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| 242 | <entry> |
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| 243 | Outer radius |
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| 244 | </entry> |
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| 245 | </row> |
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| 246 | <row> |
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| 247 | <entry> |
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| 248 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
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| 249 | </entry> |
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| 250 | <entry> |
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| 251 | half length in z |
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| 252 | </entry> |
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| 253 | <entry> |
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| 254 | <literal>pSPhi</literal> |
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| 255 | </entry> |
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| 256 | <entry> |
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| 257 | the starting phi angle in radians |
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| 258 | </entry> |
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| 259 | </row> |
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| 260 | <row> |
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| 261 | <entry> |
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| 262 | <literal>pDPhi</literal> |
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| 263 | </entry> |
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| 264 | <entry> |
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| 265 | the angle of the segment in radians |
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| 266 | </entry> |
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| 267 | </row> |
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| 268 | </tbody> |
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| 269 | </tgroup> |
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| 270 | </informaltable> |
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| 271 | </para> |
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| 272 | |
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| 273 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
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| 274 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
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| 275 | Cone or Conical section: |
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| 276 | </bridgehead> |
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| 277 | |
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| 278 | <para> |
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| 279 | Similarly to create a <emphasis role="bold">cone</emphasis>, or |
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| 280 | <emphasis role="bold">conical section</emphasis>, one would use the constructor |
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| 281 | |
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| 282 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
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| 283 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
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| 284 | <tbody> |
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| 285 | <row> |
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| 286 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
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| 287 | <informalexample> |
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| 288 | <programlisting> |
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| 289 | G4Cons(const G4String& pName, |
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| 290 | G4double pRmin1, |
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| 291 | G4double pRmax1, |
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| 292 | G4double pRmin2, |
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| 293 | G4double pRmax2, |
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| 294 | G4double pDz, |
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| 295 | G4double pSPhi, |
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| 296 | G4double pDPhi) |
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| 297 | </programlisting> |
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| 298 | </informalexample> |
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| 299 | </entry> |
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| 300 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
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| 301 | <mediaobject> |
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| 302 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
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| 303 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aCons.jpg" |
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| 304 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
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| 305 | </imageobject> |
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| 306 | <imageobject role="html"> |
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| 307 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aCons.jpg" |
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| 308 | format="JPG" /> |
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| 309 | </imageobject> |
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| 310 | </mediaobject> |
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| 311 | |
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| 312 | <?JavaScript pic3.html ?> |
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| 313 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
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| 314 | <literal> |
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| 315 | <para> |
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| 316 | pRmin1 = 5, pRmax1 = 10, |
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| 317 | pRmin2 = 20, pRmax2 = 25, |
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| 318 | pDz = 40, pSPhi = 0, pDPhi = 4/3*Pi |
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| 319 | </para> |
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| 320 | </literal> |
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| 321 | </entry> |
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| 322 | </row> |
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| 323 | </tbody> |
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| 324 | </tgroup> |
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| 325 | </informaltable> |
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| 326 | </para> |
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| 327 | |
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| 328 | <para> |
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| 329 | giving its name <literal>pName</literal>, and its parameters which are: |
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| 330 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
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| 331 | <tgroup cols="4"> |
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| 332 | <tbody> |
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| 333 | <row> |
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| 334 | <entry> |
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| 335 | <literal>pRmin1</literal> |
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| 336 | </entry> |
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| 337 | <entry> |
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| 338 | inside radius at <literal>-pDz</literal> |
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| 339 | </entry> |
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| 340 | <entry> |
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| 341 | <literal>pRmax1</literal> |
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| 342 | </entry> |
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| 343 | <entry> |
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| 344 | outside radius at <literal>-pDz</literal> |
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| 345 | </entry> |
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| 346 | </row> |
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| 347 | <row> |
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| 348 | <entry> |
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| 349 | <literal>pRmin2</literal> |
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| 350 | </entry> |
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| 351 | <entry> |
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| 352 | inside radius at <literal>+pDz</literal> |
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| 353 | </entry> |
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| 354 | <entry> |
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| 355 | <literal>pRmax2</literal> |
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| 356 | </entry> |
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| 357 | <entry> |
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| 358 | outside radius at <literal>+pDz</literal> |
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| 359 | </entry> |
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| 360 | </row> |
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| 361 | <row> |
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| 362 | <entry> |
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| 363 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
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| 364 | </entry> |
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| 365 | <entry> |
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| 366 | half length in z |
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| 367 | </entry> |
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| 368 | <entry> |
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| 369 | <literal>pSPhi</literal> |
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| 370 | </entry> |
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| 371 | <entry> |
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| 372 | starting angle of the segment in radians |
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| 373 | </entry> |
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| 374 | </row> |
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| 375 | <row> |
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| 376 | <entry> |
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| 377 | <literal>pDPhi</literal> |
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| 378 | </entry> |
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| 379 | <entry> |
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| 380 | the angle of the segment in radians |
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| 381 | </entry> |
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| 382 | </row> |
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| 383 | </tbody> |
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| 384 | </tgroup> |
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| 385 | </informaltable> |
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| 386 | </para> |
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| 387 | |
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| 388 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
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| 389 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
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| 390 | Parallelepiped: |
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| 391 | </bridgehead> |
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| 392 | |
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| 393 | <para> |
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| 394 | A <emphasis role="bold">parallelepiped</emphasis> is constructed |
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| 395 | using: |
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| 396 | |
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| 397 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
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| 398 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
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| 399 | <tbody> |
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| 400 | <row> |
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| 401 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
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| 402 | <informalexample> |
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| 403 | <programlisting> |
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| 404 | G4Para(const G4String& pName, |
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| 405 | G4double dx, |
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| 406 | G4double dy, |
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| 407 | G4double dz, |
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| 408 | G4double alpha, |
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| 409 | G4double theta, |
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| 410 | G4double phi) |
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| 411 | </programlisting> |
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| 412 | </informalexample> |
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| 413 | </entry> |
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| 414 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
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| 415 | <mediaobject> |
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| 416 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
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| 417 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aPara.jpg" |
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| 418 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
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| 419 | </imageobject> |
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| 420 | <imageobject role="html"> |
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| 421 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aPara.jpg" |
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| 422 | format="JPG" /> |
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| 423 | </imageobject> |
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| 424 | </mediaobject> |
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| 425 | |
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| 426 | <?JavaScript pic4.html ?> |
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| 427 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
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| 428 | <literal> |
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| 429 | <para> |
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| 430 | dx = 30, dy = 40, dz = 60 |
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| 431 | </para> |
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| 432 | </literal> |
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| 433 | </entry> |
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| 434 | </row> |
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| 435 | </tbody> |
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| 436 | </tgroup> |
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| 437 | </informaltable> |
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| 438 | </para> |
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| 439 | |
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| 440 | <para> |
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| 441 | giving its name <literal>pName</literal> and its parameters which are: |
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| 442 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
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| 443 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
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| 444 | <tbody> |
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| 445 | <row> |
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| 446 | <entry> |
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| 447 | <literal>dx,dy,dz</literal> |
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| 448 | </entry> |
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| 449 | <entry> |
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| 450 | Half-length in x,y,z |
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| 451 | </entry> |
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| 452 | </row> |
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| 453 | <row> |
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| 454 | <entry> |
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| 455 | <literal>alpha</literal> |
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| 456 | </entry> |
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| 457 | <entry> |
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| 458 | Angle formed by the y axis and by the plane joining the centre |
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| 459 | of the faces <emphasis>parallel</emphasis> to the z-x plane at -dy and +dy |
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| 460 | </entry> |
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| 461 | </row> |
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| 462 | <row> |
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| 463 | <entry> |
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| 464 | <literal>theta</literal> |
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| 465 | </entry> |
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| 466 | <entry> |
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| 467 | Polar angle of the line joining the centres of the faces at -dz |
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| 468 | and +dz in z |
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| 469 | </entry> |
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| 470 | </row> |
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| 471 | <row> |
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| 472 | <entry> |
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| 473 | <literal>phi</literal> |
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| 474 | </entry> |
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| 475 | <entry> |
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| 476 | Azimuthal angle of the line joining the centres of the faces at |
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| 477 | -dz and +dz in z |
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| 478 | </entry> |
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| 479 | </row> |
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| 480 | </tbody> |
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| 481 | </tgroup> |
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| 482 | </informaltable> |
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| 483 | </para> |
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| 484 | |
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| 485 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
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| 486 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
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| 487 | Trapezoid: |
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| 488 | </bridgehead> |
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| 489 | |
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| 490 | <para> |
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| 491 | To construct a <emphasis role="bold">trapezoid</emphasis> use: |
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| 492 | |
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| 493 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
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| 494 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
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| 495 | <tbody> |
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| 496 | <row> |
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| 497 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
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| 498 | <informalexample> |
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| 499 | <programlisting> |
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| 500 | G4Trd(const G4String& pName, |
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| 501 | G4double dx1, |
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| 502 | G4double dx2, |
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| 503 | G4double dy1, |
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| 504 | G4double dy2, |
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| 505 | G4double dz) |
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| 506 | </programlisting> |
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| 507 | </informalexample> |
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| 508 | </entry> |
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| 509 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
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| 510 | <mediaobject> |
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| 511 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
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| 512 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTrd.jpg" |
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| 513 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
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| 514 | </imageobject> |
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| 515 | <imageobject role="html"> |
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| 516 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTrd.jpg" |
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| 517 | format="JPG" /> |
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| 518 | </imageobject> |
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| 519 | </mediaobject> |
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| 520 | |
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| 521 | <?JavaScript pic5.html ?> |
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| 522 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
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| 523 | <literal> |
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| 524 | <para> |
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| 525 | dx1 = 30, dx2 = 10, |
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| 526 | dy1 = 40, dy2 = 15, |
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| 527 | dz = 60 |
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| 528 | </para> |
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| 529 | </literal> |
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| 530 | </entry> |
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| 531 | </row> |
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| 532 | </tbody> |
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| 533 | </tgroup> |
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| 534 | </informaltable> |
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| 535 | </para> |
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| 536 | |
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| 537 | <para> |
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| 538 | to obtain a solid with name <literal>pName</literal> and parameters |
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| 539 | |
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| 540 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
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| 541 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
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| 542 | <tbody> |
---|
| 543 | <row> |
---|
| 544 | <entry> |
---|
| 545 | <literal>dx1</literal> |
---|
| 546 | </entry> |
---|
| 547 | <entry> |
---|
| 548 | Half-length along x at the surface positioned at <literal>-dz</literal> |
---|
| 549 | </entry> |
---|
| 550 | </row> |
---|
| 551 | <row> |
---|
| 552 | <entry> |
---|
| 553 | <literal>dx2</literal> |
---|
| 554 | </entry> |
---|
| 555 | <entry> |
---|
| 556 | Half-length along x at the surface positioned at <literal>+dz</literal> |
---|
| 557 | </entry> |
---|
| 558 | </row> |
---|
| 559 | <row> |
---|
| 560 | <entry> |
---|
| 561 | <literal>dy1</literal> |
---|
| 562 | </entry> |
---|
| 563 | <entry> |
---|
| 564 | Half-length along y at the surface positioned at <literal>-dz</literal> |
---|
| 565 | </entry> |
---|
| 566 | </row> |
---|
| 567 | <row> |
---|
| 568 | <entry> |
---|
| 569 | <literal>dy2</literal> |
---|
| 570 | </entry> |
---|
| 571 | <entry> |
---|
| 572 | Half-length along y at the surface positioned at <literal>+dz</literal> |
---|
| 573 | </entry> |
---|
| 574 | </row> |
---|
| 575 | <row> |
---|
| 576 | <entry> |
---|
| 577 | <literal>dz</literal> |
---|
| 578 | </entry> |
---|
| 579 | <entry> |
---|
| 580 | Half-length along z axis |
---|
| 581 | </entry> |
---|
| 582 | </row> |
---|
| 583 | </tbody> |
---|
| 584 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 585 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 586 | </para> |
---|
| 587 | |
---|
| 588 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 589 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 590 | Generic Trapezoid: |
---|
| 591 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 592 | |
---|
| 593 | <para> |
---|
| 594 | To build a <emphasis role="bold">generic trapezoid</emphasis>, |
---|
| 595 | the <literal>G4Trap</literal> class is provided. Here are the two costructors |
---|
| 596 | for a Right Angular Wedge and for the general trapezoid for it: |
---|
| 597 | |
---|
| 598 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 599 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 600 | <tbody> |
---|
| 601 | <row> |
---|
| 602 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 603 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 604 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 605 | G4Trap(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 606 | G4double pZ, |
---|
| 607 | G4double pY, |
---|
| 608 | G4double pX, |
---|
| 609 | G4double pLTX) |
---|
| 610 | |
---|
| 611 | G4Trap(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 612 | G4double pDz, G4double pTheta, |
---|
| 613 | G4double pPhi, G4double pDy1, |
---|
| 614 | G4double pDx1, G4double pDx2, |
---|
| 615 | G4double pAlp1, G4double pDy2, |
---|
| 616 | G4double pDx3, G4double pDx4, |
---|
| 617 | G4double pAlp2) |
---|
| 618 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 619 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 620 | </entry> |
---|
| 621 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 622 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 623 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 624 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTrap.jpg" |
---|
| 625 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 626 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 627 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 628 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTrap.jpg" |
---|
| 629 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 630 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 631 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 632 | |
---|
| 633 | <?JavaScript pic6.html ?> |
---|
| 634 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 635 | <literal> |
---|
| 636 | <para> |
---|
| 637 | pDx1 = 30, pDx2 = 40, pDy1 = 40, |
---|
| 638 | pDx3 = 10, pDx4 = 14, pDy2 = 16, |
---|
| 639 | pDz = 60, pTheta = 20*Degree, |
---|
| 640 | pPhi = 5*Degree, pAlp1 = pAlp2 = 10*Degree |
---|
| 641 | </para> |
---|
| 642 | </literal> |
---|
| 643 | </entry> |
---|
| 644 | </row> |
---|
| 645 | </tbody> |
---|
| 646 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 647 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 648 | </para> |
---|
| 649 | |
---|
| 650 | <para> |
---|
| 651 | to obtain a Right Angular Wedge with name <literal>pName</literal> and |
---|
| 652 | parameters: |
---|
| 653 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 654 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 655 | <tbody> |
---|
| 656 | <row> |
---|
| 657 | <entry> |
---|
| 658 | <literal>pZ</literal> |
---|
| 659 | </entry> |
---|
| 660 | <entry> |
---|
| 661 | Length along z |
---|
| 662 | </entry> |
---|
| 663 | </row> |
---|
| 664 | <row> |
---|
| 665 | <entry> |
---|
| 666 | <literal>pY</literal> |
---|
| 667 | </entry> |
---|
| 668 | <entry> |
---|
| 669 | Length along y |
---|
| 670 | </entry> |
---|
| 671 | </row> |
---|
| 672 | <row> |
---|
| 673 | <entry> |
---|
| 674 | <literal>pX</literal> |
---|
| 675 | </entry> |
---|
| 676 | <entry> |
---|
| 677 | Length along x at the wider side |
---|
| 678 | </entry> |
---|
| 679 | </row> |
---|
| 680 | <row> |
---|
| 681 | <entry> |
---|
| 682 | <literal>pLTX</literal> |
---|
| 683 | </entry> |
---|
| 684 | <entry> |
---|
| 685 | Length along x at the narrower side (<literal>plTX<=pX</literal>) |
---|
| 686 | </entry> |
---|
| 687 | </row> |
---|
| 688 | </tbody> |
---|
| 689 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 690 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 691 | </para> |
---|
| 692 | |
---|
| 693 | <para> |
---|
| 694 | or to obtain the general trapezoid (see the Software Reference |
---|
| 695 | Manual): |
---|
| 696 | </para> |
---|
| 697 | |
---|
| 698 | <para> |
---|
| 699 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 700 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 701 | <tbody> |
---|
| 702 | <row> |
---|
| 703 | <entry> |
---|
| 704 | <literal>pDx1</literal> |
---|
| 705 | </entry> |
---|
| 706 | <entry> |
---|
| 707 | Half x length of the side at y=-pDy1 of the face at -pDz |
---|
| 708 | </entry> |
---|
| 709 | </row> |
---|
| 710 | <row> |
---|
| 711 | <entry> |
---|
| 712 | <literal>pDx2</literal> |
---|
| 713 | </entry> |
---|
| 714 | <entry> |
---|
| 715 | Half x length of the side at y=+pDy1 of the face at -pDz |
---|
| 716 | </entry> |
---|
| 717 | </row> |
---|
| 718 | <row> |
---|
| 719 | <entry> |
---|
| 720 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
---|
| 721 | </entry> |
---|
| 722 | <entry> |
---|
| 723 | Half z length |
---|
| 724 | </entry> |
---|
| 725 | </row> |
---|
| 726 | <row> |
---|
| 727 | <entry> |
---|
| 728 | <literal>pTheta</literal> |
---|
| 729 | </entry> |
---|
| 730 | <entry> |
---|
| 731 | Polar angle of the line joining the centres of the faces at -/+pDz |
---|
| 732 | </entry> |
---|
| 733 | </row> |
---|
| 734 | <row> |
---|
| 735 | <entry> |
---|
| 736 | <literal>pPhi</literal> |
---|
| 737 | </entry> |
---|
| 738 | <entry> |
---|
| 739 | Azimuthal angle of the line joining the centre of the face at -pDz to the centre of the face at +pDz |
---|
| 740 | </entry> |
---|
| 741 | </row> |
---|
| 742 | <row> |
---|
| 743 | <entry> |
---|
| 744 | <literal>pDy1</literal> |
---|
| 745 | </entry> |
---|
| 746 | <entry> |
---|
| 747 | Half y length at -pDz |
---|
| 748 | </entry> |
---|
| 749 | </row> |
---|
| 750 | <row> |
---|
| 751 | <entry> |
---|
| 752 | <literal>pDy2</literal> |
---|
| 753 | </entry> |
---|
| 754 | <entry> |
---|
| 755 | Half y length at +pDz |
---|
| 756 | </entry> |
---|
| 757 | </row> |
---|
| 758 | <row> |
---|
| 759 | <entry> |
---|
| 760 | <literal>pDx3</literal> |
---|
| 761 | </entry> |
---|
| 762 | <entry> |
---|
| 763 | Half x length of the side at y=-pDy2 of the face at +pDz |
---|
| 764 | </entry> |
---|
| 765 | </row> |
---|
| 766 | <row> |
---|
| 767 | <entry> |
---|
| 768 | <literal>pDx4</literal> |
---|
| 769 | </entry> |
---|
| 770 | <entry> |
---|
| 771 | Half x length of the side at y=+pDy2 of the face at +pDz |
---|
| 772 | </entry> |
---|
| 773 | </row> |
---|
| 774 | <row> |
---|
| 775 | <entry> |
---|
| 776 | <literal>pAlp1</literal> |
---|
| 777 | </entry> |
---|
| 778 | <entry> |
---|
| 779 | Angle with respect to the y axis from the centre of the side |
---|
| 780 | (lower endcap) |
---|
| 781 | </entry> |
---|
| 782 | </row> |
---|
| 783 | <row> |
---|
| 784 | <entry> |
---|
| 785 | <literal>pAlp2</literal> |
---|
| 786 | </entry> |
---|
| 787 | <entry> |
---|
| 788 | Angle with respect to the y axis from the centre of the side |
---|
| 789 | (upper endcap) |
---|
| 790 | </entry> |
---|
| 791 | </row> |
---|
| 792 | </tbody> |
---|
| 793 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 794 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 795 | </para> |
---|
| 796 | |
---|
| 797 | <para> |
---|
| 798 | <emphasis role="bold">Note on <literal>pAlph1/2</literal></emphasis>: the |
---|
| 799 | two angles have to be the |
---|
| 800 | same due to the planarity condition. |
---|
| 801 | </para> |
---|
| 802 | |
---|
| 803 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 804 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 805 | Sphere or Spherical Shell Section: |
---|
| 806 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 807 | |
---|
| 808 | <para> |
---|
| 809 | To build a <emphasis role="bold">sphere</emphasis>, or a |
---|
| 810 | <emphasis role="bold">spherical shell section</emphasis>, use: |
---|
| 811 | |
---|
| 812 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 813 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 814 | <tbody> |
---|
| 815 | <row> |
---|
| 816 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 817 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 818 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 819 | G4Sphere(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 820 | G4double pRmin, |
---|
| 821 | G4double pRmax, |
---|
| 822 | G4double pSPhi, |
---|
| 823 | G4double pDPhi, |
---|
| 824 | G4double pSTheta, |
---|
| 825 | G4double pDTheta ) |
---|
| 826 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 827 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 828 | </entry> |
---|
| 829 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 830 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 831 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 832 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aSphere.jpg" |
---|
| 833 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 834 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 835 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 836 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aSphere.jpg" |
---|
| 837 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 838 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 839 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 840 | |
---|
| 841 | <?JavaScript pic7.html ?> |
---|
| 842 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 843 | <literal> |
---|
| 844 | <para> |
---|
| 845 | pRmin = 100, pRmax = 120, |
---|
| 846 | pSPhi = 0*Degree, pDPhi = 180*Degree, |
---|
| 847 | pSTheta = 0 Degree, pDTheta = 180*Degree |
---|
| 848 | </para> |
---|
| 849 | </literal> |
---|
| 850 | </entry> |
---|
| 851 | </row> |
---|
| 852 | </tbody> |
---|
| 853 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 854 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 855 | </para> |
---|
| 856 | |
---|
| 857 | <para> |
---|
| 858 | to obtain a solid with name <literal>pName</literal> and parameters: |
---|
| 859 | |
---|
| 860 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 861 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 862 | <tbody> |
---|
| 863 | <row> |
---|
| 864 | <entry> |
---|
| 865 | pRmin |
---|
| 866 | </entry> |
---|
| 867 | <entry> |
---|
| 868 | Inner radius |
---|
| 869 | </entry> |
---|
| 870 | </row> |
---|
| 871 | <row> |
---|
| 872 | <entry> |
---|
| 873 | pRmax |
---|
| 874 | </entry> |
---|
| 875 | <entry> |
---|
| 876 | Outer radius |
---|
| 877 | </entry> |
---|
| 878 | </row> |
---|
| 879 | <row> |
---|
| 880 | <entry> |
---|
| 881 | pSPhi |
---|
| 882 | </entry> |
---|
| 883 | <entry> |
---|
| 884 | Starting Phi angle of the segment in radians |
---|
| 885 | </entry> |
---|
| 886 | </row> |
---|
| 887 | <row> |
---|
| 888 | <entry> |
---|
| 889 | pDPhi |
---|
| 890 | </entry> |
---|
| 891 | <entry> |
---|
| 892 | Delta Phi angle of the segment in radians |
---|
| 893 | </entry> |
---|
| 894 | </row> |
---|
| 895 | <row> |
---|
| 896 | <entry> |
---|
| 897 | pSTheta |
---|
| 898 | </entry> |
---|
| 899 | <entry> |
---|
| 900 | Starting Theta angle of the segment in radians |
---|
| 901 | </entry> |
---|
| 902 | </row> |
---|
| 903 | <row> |
---|
| 904 | <entry> |
---|
| 905 | pDTheta |
---|
| 906 | </entry> |
---|
| 907 | <entry> |
---|
| 908 | Delta Theta angle of the segment in radians |
---|
| 909 | </entry> |
---|
| 910 | </row> |
---|
| 911 | </tbody> |
---|
| 912 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 913 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 914 | </para> |
---|
| 915 | |
---|
| 916 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 917 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 918 | Full Solid Sphere: |
---|
| 919 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 920 | |
---|
| 921 | <para> |
---|
| 922 | To build a <emphasis role="bold">full solid sphere</emphasis> |
---|
| 923 | use: |
---|
| 924 | |
---|
| 925 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 926 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 927 | <tbody> |
---|
| 928 | <row> |
---|
| 929 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 930 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 931 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 932 | G4Orb(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 933 | G4double pRmax) |
---|
| 934 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 935 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 936 | </entry> |
---|
| 937 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 938 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 939 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 940 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aOrb.jpg" |
---|
| 941 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 942 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 943 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 944 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aOrb.jpg" |
---|
| 945 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 946 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 947 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 948 | |
---|
| 949 | <?JavaScript pic8.html ?> |
---|
| 950 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 951 | <literal> |
---|
| 952 | <para> |
---|
| 953 | pRmax = 100 |
---|
| 954 | </para> |
---|
| 955 | </literal> |
---|
| 956 | </entry> |
---|
| 957 | </row> |
---|
| 958 | </tbody> |
---|
| 959 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 960 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 961 | </para> |
---|
| 962 | |
---|
| 963 | <para> |
---|
| 964 | The Orb can be obtained from a Sphere with: |
---|
| 965 | <literal>pRmin</literal> = 0, <literal>pSPhi</literal> = 0, |
---|
| 966 | <literal>pDPhi</literal> = 2*Pi, |
---|
| 967 | <literal>pSTheta</literal> = 0, <literal>pDTheta</literal> = Pi |
---|
| 968 | |
---|
| 969 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 970 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 971 | <tbody> |
---|
| 972 | <row> |
---|
| 973 | <entry> |
---|
| 974 | pRmax |
---|
| 975 | </entry> |
---|
| 976 | <entry> |
---|
| 977 | Outer radius |
---|
| 978 | </entry> |
---|
| 979 | </row> |
---|
| 980 | </tbody> |
---|
| 981 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 982 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 983 | </para> |
---|
| 984 | |
---|
| 985 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 986 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 987 | Torus: |
---|
| 988 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 989 | |
---|
| 990 | <para> |
---|
| 991 | To build a <emphasis role="bold">torus</emphasis> use: |
---|
| 992 | |
---|
| 993 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 994 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 995 | <tbody> |
---|
| 996 | <row> |
---|
| 997 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 998 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 999 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1000 | G4Torus(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1001 | G4double pRmin, |
---|
| 1002 | G4double pRmax, |
---|
| 1003 | G4double pRtor, |
---|
| 1004 | G4double pSPhi, |
---|
| 1005 | G4double pDPhi) |
---|
| 1006 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1007 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1008 | </entry> |
---|
| 1009 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1010 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1011 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1012 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTorus.jpg" |
---|
| 1013 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1014 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1015 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1016 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTorus.jpg" |
---|
| 1017 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1018 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1019 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1020 | |
---|
| 1021 | <?JavaScript pic9.html ?> |
---|
| 1022 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1023 | <literal> |
---|
| 1024 | <para> |
---|
| 1025 | pRmin = 40, pRmax = 60, pRtor = 200, |
---|
| 1026 | pSPhi = 0, pDPhi = 90*Degree |
---|
| 1027 | </para> |
---|
| 1028 | </literal> |
---|
| 1029 | </entry> |
---|
| 1030 | </row> |
---|
| 1031 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1032 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1033 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1034 | </para> |
---|
| 1035 | |
---|
| 1036 | <para> |
---|
| 1037 | to obtain a solid with name <literal>pName</literal> and parameters: |
---|
| 1038 | |
---|
| 1039 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1040 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1041 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1042 | <row> |
---|
| 1043 | <entry> |
---|
| 1044 | pRmin |
---|
| 1045 | </entry> |
---|
| 1046 | <entry> |
---|
| 1047 | Inside radius |
---|
| 1048 | </entry> |
---|
| 1049 | </row> |
---|
| 1050 | <row> |
---|
| 1051 | <entry> |
---|
| 1052 | pRmax |
---|
| 1053 | </entry> |
---|
| 1054 | <entry> |
---|
| 1055 | Outside radius |
---|
| 1056 | </entry> |
---|
| 1057 | </row> |
---|
| 1058 | <row> |
---|
| 1059 | <entry> |
---|
| 1060 | pRtor |
---|
| 1061 | </entry> |
---|
| 1062 | <entry> |
---|
| 1063 | Swept radius of torus |
---|
| 1064 | </entry> |
---|
| 1065 | </row> |
---|
| 1066 | <row> |
---|
| 1067 | <entry> |
---|
| 1068 | pSPhi |
---|
| 1069 | </entry> |
---|
| 1070 | <entry> |
---|
| 1071 | Starting Phi angle in radians (<literal>fSPhi+fDPhi<=2PI</literal>, |
---|
| 1072 | <literal>fSPhi>-2PI</literal>) |
---|
| 1073 | </entry> |
---|
| 1074 | </row> |
---|
| 1075 | <row> |
---|
| 1076 | <entry> |
---|
| 1077 | pDPhi |
---|
| 1078 | </entry> |
---|
| 1079 | <entry> |
---|
| 1080 | Delta angle of the segment in radians |
---|
| 1081 | </entry> |
---|
| 1082 | </row> |
---|
| 1083 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1084 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1085 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1086 | </para> |
---|
| 1087 | |
---|
| 1088 | <para> |
---|
| 1089 | In addition, the Geant4 Design Documentation shows in the Solids |
---|
| 1090 | Class Diagram the complete list of CSG classes, and the STEP |
---|
| 1091 | documentation contains a detailed EXPRESS description of each CSG |
---|
| 1092 | solid. |
---|
| 1093 | </para> |
---|
| 1094 | |
---|
| 1095 | |
---|
| 1096 | |
---|
| 1097 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1098 | <bridgehead renderas='sect3'> |
---|
| 1099 | Specific CSG Solids |
---|
| 1100 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1101 | |
---|
| 1102 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1103 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1104 | Polycons: |
---|
| 1105 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1106 | |
---|
| 1107 | <para> |
---|
| 1108 | <emphasis role="bold">Polycons</emphasis> (PCON) are implemented in Geant4 through the |
---|
| 1109 | <literal>G4Polycon</literal> class: |
---|
| 1110 | |
---|
| 1111 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1112 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1113 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1114 | <row> |
---|
| 1115 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1116 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1117 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1118 | G4Polycone(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1119 | G4double phiStart, |
---|
| 1120 | G4double phiTotal, |
---|
| 1121 | G4int numZPlanes, |
---|
| 1122 | const G4double zPlane[], |
---|
| 1123 | const G4double rInner[], |
---|
| 1124 | const G4double rOuter[]) |
---|
| 1125 | |
---|
| 1126 | G4Polycone(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1127 | G4double phiStart, |
---|
| 1128 | G4double phiTotal, |
---|
| 1129 | G4int numRZ, |
---|
| 1130 | const G4double r[], |
---|
| 1131 | const G4double z[]) |
---|
| 1132 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1133 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1134 | </entry> |
---|
| 1135 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1136 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1137 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1138 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBREPSolidPCone.jpg" |
---|
| 1139 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1140 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1141 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1142 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBREPSolidPCone.jpg" |
---|
| 1143 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1144 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1145 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1146 | |
---|
| 1147 | <?JavaScript pic10.html ?> |
---|
| 1148 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1149 | <literal> |
---|
| 1150 | <para> |
---|
| 1151 | phiStart = 1/4*Pi, phiTotal = 3/2*Pi, numZPlanes = 9, |
---|
| 1152 | rInner = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, |
---|
| 1153 | rOuter = { 0, 10, 10, 5 , 5, 10 , 10 , 2, 2}, |
---|
| 1154 | z = { 5, 7, 9, 11, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35 } |
---|
| 1155 | </para> |
---|
| 1156 | </literal> |
---|
| 1157 | </entry> |
---|
| 1158 | </row> |
---|
| 1159 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1160 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1161 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1162 | </para> |
---|
| 1163 | |
---|
| 1164 | <para> |
---|
| 1165 | where: |
---|
| 1166 | |
---|
| 1167 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1168 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1169 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1170 | <row> |
---|
| 1171 | <entry> |
---|
| 1172 | phiStart |
---|
| 1173 | </entry> |
---|
| 1174 | <entry> |
---|
| 1175 | Initial Phi starting angle |
---|
| 1176 | </entry> |
---|
| 1177 | </row> |
---|
| 1178 | <row> |
---|
| 1179 | <entry> |
---|
| 1180 | phiTotal |
---|
| 1181 | </entry> |
---|
| 1182 | <entry> |
---|
| 1183 | Total Phi angle |
---|
| 1184 | </entry> |
---|
| 1185 | </row> |
---|
| 1186 | <row> |
---|
| 1187 | <entry> |
---|
| 1188 | numZPlanes |
---|
| 1189 | </entry> |
---|
| 1190 | <entry> |
---|
| 1191 | Number of z planes |
---|
| 1192 | </entry> |
---|
| 1193 | </row> |
---|
| 1194 | <row> |
---|
| 1195 | <entry> |
---|
| 1196 | numRZ |
---|
| 1197 | </entry> |
---|
| 1198 | <entry> |
---|
| 1199 | Number of corners in r,z space |
---|
| 1200 | </entry> |
---|
| 1201 | </row> |
---|
| 1202 | <row> |
---|
| 1203 | <entry> |
---|
| 1204 | zPlane |
---|
| 1205 | </entry> |
---|
| 1206 | <entry> |
---|
| 1207 | Position of z planes |
---|
| 1208 | </entry> |
---|
| 1209 | </row> |
---|
| 1210 | <row> |
---|
| 1211 | <entry> |
---|
| 1212 | rInner |
---|
| 1213 | </entry> |
---|
| 1214 | <entry> |
---|
| 1215 | Tangent distance to inner surface |
---|
| 1216 | </entry> |
---|
| 1217 | </row> |
---|
| 1218 | <row> |
---|
| 1219 | <entry> |
---|
| 1220 | rOuter |
---|
| 1221 | </entry> |
---|
| 1222 | <entry> |
---|
| 1223 | Tangent distance to outer surface |
---|
| 1224 | </entry> |
---|
| 1225 | </row> |
---|
| 1226 | <row> |
---|
| 1227 | <entry> |
---|
| 1228 | r |
---|
| 1229 | </entry> |
---|
| 1230 | <entry> |
---|
| 1231 | r coordinate of corners |
---|
| 1232 | </entry> |
---|
| 1233 | </row> |
---|
| 1234 | <row> |
---|
| 1235 | <entry> |
---|
| 1236 | z |
---|
| 1237 | </entry> |
---|
| 1238 | <entry> |
---|
| 1239 | z coordinate of corners |
---|
| 1240 | </entry> |
---|
| 1241 | </row> |
---|
| 1242 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1243 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1244 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1245 | </para> |
---|
| 1246 | |
---|
| 1247 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1248 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1249 | Polyhedra (PGON): |
---|
| 1250 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1251 | |
---|
| 1252 | <para> |
---|
| 1253 | <emphasis role="bold">Polyhedra</emphasis> (PGON) are implemented through |
---|
| 1254 | <literal>G4Polyhedra</literal>: |
---|
| 1255 | |
---|
| 1256 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1257 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1258 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1259 | <row> |
---|
| 1260 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1261 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1262 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1263 | G4Polyhedra(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1264 | G4double phiStart, |
---|
| 1265 | G4double phiTotal, |
---|
| 1266 | G4int numSide, |
---|
| 1267 | G4int numZPlanes, |
---|
| 1268 | const G4double zPlane[], |
---|
| 1269 | const G4double rInner[], |
---|
| 1270 | const G4double rOuter[] ) |
---|
| 1271 | |
---|
| 1272 | G4Polyhedra(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1273 | G4double phiStart, |
---|
| 1274 | G4double phiTotal, |
---|
| 1275 | G4int numSide, |
---|
| 1276 | G4int numRZ, |
---|
| 1277 | const G4double r[], |
---|
| 1278 | const G4double z[] ) |
---|
| 1279 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1280 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1281 | </entry> |
---|
| 1282 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1283 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1284 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1285 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBREPSolidPolyhedra.jpg" |
---|
| 1286 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1287 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1288 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1289 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aBREPSolidPolyhedra.jpg" |
---|
| 1290 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1291 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1292 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1293 | |
---|
| 1294 | <?JavaScript pic11.html ?> |
---|
| 1295 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1296 | <literal> |
---|
| 1297 | <para> |
---|
| 1298 | phiStart = -1/4*Pi, phiTotal= 5/4*Pi, |
---|
| 1299 | numSide = 3, nunZPlanes = 7, |
---|
| 1300 | rInner = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, |
---|
| 1301 | rOuter = { 0, 15, 15, 4, 4, 10, 10 }, |
---|
| 1302 | z = { 0, 5, 8, 13 , 30, 32, 35 } |
---|
| 1303 | </para> |
---|
| 1304 | </literal> |
---|
| 1305 | </entry> |
---|
| 1306 | </row> |
---|
| 1307 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1308 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1309 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1310 | </para> |
---|
| 1311 | |
---|
| 1312 | <para> |
---|
| 1313 | where: |
---|
| 1314 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1315 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1316 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1317 | <row> |
---|
| 1318 | <entry> |
---|
| 1319 | <literal>phiStart</literal> |
---|
| 1320 | </entry> |
---|
| 1321 | <entry> |
---|
| 1322 | Initial Phi starting angle |
---|
| 1323 | </entry> |
---|
| 1324 | </row> |
---|
| 1325 | <row> |
---|
| 1326 | <entry> |
---|
| 1327 | <literal>phiTotal</literal> |
---|
| 1328 | </entry> |
---|
| 1329 | <entry> |
---|
| 1330 | Total Phi angle |
---|
| 1331 | </entry> |
---|
| 1332 | </row> |
---|
| 1333 | <row> |
---|
| 1334 | <entry> |
---|
| 1335 | <literal>numSide</literal> |
---|
| 1336 | </entry> |
---|
| 1337 | <entry> |
---|
| 1338 | Number of sides |
---|
| 1339 | </entry> |
---|
| 1340 | </row> |
---|
| 1341 | <row> |
---|
| 1342 | <entry> |
---|
| 1343 | <literal>numZPlanes</literal> |
---|
| 1344 | </entry> |
---|
| 1345 | <entry> |
---|
| 1346 | Number of z planes |
---|
| 1347 | </entry> |
---|
| 1348 | </row> |
---|
| 1349 | <row> |
---|
| 1350 | <entry> |
---|
| 1351 | <literal>numRZ</literal> |
---|
| 1352 | </entry> |
---|
| 1353 | <entry> |
---|
| 1354 | Number of corners in r,z space |
---|
| 1355 | </entry> |
---|
| 1356 | </row> |
---|
| 1357 | <row> |
---|
| 1358 | <entry> |
---|
| 1359 | zPlane |
---|
| 1360 | </entry> |
---|
| 1361 | <entry> |
---|
| 1362 | Position of z planes |
---|
| 1363 | </entry> |
---|
| 1364 | </row> |
---|
| 1365 | <row> |
---|
| 1366 | <entry> |
---|
| 1367 | <literal>rInner</literal> |
---|
| 1368 | </entry> |
---|
| 1369 | <entry> |
---|
| 1370 | Tangent distance to inner surface |
---|
| 1371 | </entry> |
---|
| 1372 | </row> |
---|
| 1373 | <row> |
---|
| 1374 | <entry> |
---|
| 1375 | rOuter |
---|
| 1376 | </entry> |
---|
| 1377 | <entry> |
---|
| 1378 | Tangent distance to outer surface |
---|
| 1379 | </entry> |
---|
| 1380 | </row> |
---|
| 1381 | <row> |
---|
| 1382 | <entry> |
---|
| 1383 | <literal>r</literal> |
---|
| 1384 | </entry> |
---|
| 1385 | <entry> |
---|
| 1386 | r coordinate of corners |
---|
| 1387 | </entry> |
---|
| 1388 | </row> |
---|
| 1389 | <row> |
---|
| 1390 | <entry> |
---|
| 1391 | <literal>z</literal> |
---|
| 1392 | </entry> |
---|
| 1393 | <entry> |
---|
| 1394 | z coordinate of corners |
---|
| 1395 | </entry> |
---|
| 1396 | </row> |
---|
| 1397 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1398 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1399 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1400 | </para> |
---|
| 1401 | |
---|
| 1402 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1403 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1404 | Tube with an elliptical cross section: |
---|
| 1405 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1406 | |
---|
| 1407 | <para> |
---|
| 1408 | A <emphasis role="bold">tube with an elliptical cross |
---|
| 1409 | section</emphasis> (ELTU) can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 1410 | |
---|
| 1411 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1412 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1413 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1414 | <row> |
---|
| 1415 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1416 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1417 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1418 | G4EllipticalTube(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1419 | G4double Dx, |
---|
| 1420 | G4double Dy, |
---|
| 1421 | G4double Dz) |
---|
| 1422 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1423 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1424 | |
---|
| 1425 | The equation of the surface in x/y is <literal>1.0 = (x/dx)**2 +(y/dy)**2</literal> |
---|
| 1426 | </entry> |
---|
| 1427 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1428 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1429 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1430 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipticalTube.jpg" |
---|
| 1431 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1432 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1433 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1434 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipticalTube.jpg" |
---|
| 1435 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1436 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1437 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1438 | |
---|
| 1439 | <?JavaScript pic12.html ?> |
---|
| 1440 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1441 | <literal> |
---|
| 1442 | <para> |
---|
| 1443 | Dx = 5, Dy = 10, Dz = 20 |
---|
| 1444 | </para> |
---|
| 1445 | </literal> |
---|
| 1446 | </entry> |
---|
| 1447 | </row> |
---|
| 1448 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1449 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1450 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1451 | </para> |
---|
| 1452 | |
---|
| 1453 | <para> |
---|
| 1454 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1455 | <tgroup cols="6"> |
---|
| 1456 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1457 | <row> |
---|
| 1458 | <entry> |
---|
| 1459 | Dx |
---|
| 1460 | </entry> |
---|
| 1461 | <entry> |
---|
| 1462 | Half length X |
---|
| 1463 | </entry> |
---|
| 1464 | <entry> |
---|
| 1465 | Dy |
---|
| 1466 | </entry> |
---|
| 1467 | <entry> |
---|
| 1468 | Half length Y |
---|
| 1469 | </entry> |
---|
| 1470 | <entry> |
---|
| 1471 | Dz |
---|
| 1472 | </entry> |
---|
| 1473 | <entry> |
---|
| 1474 | Half length Z |
---|
| 1475 | </entry> |
---|
| 1476 | </row> |
---|
| 1477 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1478 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1479 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1480 | </para> |
---|
| 1481 | |
---|
| 1482 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1483 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1484 | General Ellipsoid: |
---|
| 1485 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1486 | |
---|
| 1487 | <para> |
---|
| 1488 | The general <emphasis role="bold">ellipsoid</emphasis> with |
---|
| 1489 | possible cut in <literal>Z</literal> can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 1490 | |
---|
| 1491 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1492 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1493 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1494 | <row> |
---|
| 1495 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1496 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1497 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1498 | G4Ellipsoid(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1499 | G4double pxSemiAxis, |
---|
| 1500 | G4double pySemiAxis, |
---|
| 1501 | G4double pzSemiAxis, |
---|
| 1502 | G4double pzBottomCut=0, |
---|
| 1503 | G4double pzTopCut=0) |
---|
| 1504 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1505 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1506 | </entry> |
---|
| 1507 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1508 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1509 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1510 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipsoid.jpg" |
---|
| 1511 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1512 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1513 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1514 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipsoid.jpg" |
---|
| 1515 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1516 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1517 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1518 | |
---|
| 1519 | <?JavaScript pic13.html ?> |
---|
| 1520 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1521 | <literal> |
---|
| 1522 | <para> |
---|
| 1523 | pxSemiAxis = 10, pySemiAxis = 20, pzSemiAxis = 50, |
---|
| 1524 | pzBottomCut = -10, pzTopCut = 40 |
---|
| 1525 | </para> |
---|
| 1526 | </literal> |
---|
| 1527 | </entry> |
---|
| 1528 | </row> |
---|
| 1529 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1530 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1531 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1532 | </para> |
---|
| 1533 | |
---|
| 1534 | <para> |
---|
| 1535 | A general (or triaxial) ellipsoid is a quadratic surface which is |
---|
| 1536 | given in Cartesian coordinates by: |
---|
| 1537 | |
---|
| 1538 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1539 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1540 | 1.0 = (x/pxSemiAxis)**2 + (y/pySemiAxis)**2 + (z/pzSemiAxis)**2 |
---|
| 1541 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1542 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1543 | |
---|
| 1544 | where: |
---|
| 1545 | |
---|
| 1546 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1547 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1548 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1549 | <row> |
---|
| 1550 | <entry> |
---|
| 1551 | <literal>pxSemiAxis</literal> |
---|
| 1552 | </entry> |
---|
| 1553 | <entry> |
---|
| 1554 | Semiaxis in X |
---|
| 1555 | </entry> |
---|
| 1556 | </row> |
---|
| 1557 | <row> |
---|
| 1558 | <entry> |
---|
| 1559 | pySemiAxis |
---|
| 1560 | </entry> |
---|
| 1561 | <entry> |
---|
| 1562 | Semiaxis in Y |
---|
| 1563 | </entry> |
---|
| 1564 | </row> |
---|
| 1565 | <row> |
---|
| 1566 | <entry> |
---|
| 1567 | pzSemiAxis |
---|
| 1568 | </entry> |
---|
| 1569 | <entry> |
---|
| 1570 | Semiaxis in Z |
---|
| 1571 | </entry> |
---|
| 1572 | </row> |
---|
| 1573 | <row> |
---|
| 1574 | <entry> |
---|
| 1575 | pzBottomCut |
---|
| 1576 | </entry> |
---|
| 1577 | <entry> |
---|
| 1578 | lower cut plane level, z |
---|
| 1579 | </entry> |
---|
| 1580 | </row> |
---|
| 1581 | <row> |
---|
| 1582 | <entry> |
---|
| 1583 | pzTopCut |
---|
| 1584 | </entry> |
---|
| 1585 | <entry> |
---|
| 1586 | upper cut plane level, z |
---|
| 1587 | </entry> |
---|
| 1588 | </row> |
---|
| 1589 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1590 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1591 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1592 | </para> |
---|
| 1593 | |
---|
| 1594 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1595 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1596 | Cone with Elliptical Cross Section: |
---|
| 1597 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1598 | |
---|
| 1599 | <para> |
---|
| 1600 | A <emphasis role="bold">cone with an elliptical cross section</emphasis> |
---|
| 1601 | can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 1602 | |
---|
| 1603 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1604 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1605 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1606 | <row> |
---|
| 1607 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1608 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1609 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1610 | G4EllipticalCone(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1611 | G4double pxSemiAxis, |
---|
| 1612 | G4double pySemiAxis, |
---|
| 1613 | G4double zMax, |
---|
| 1614 | G4double pzTopCut) |
---|
| 1615 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1616 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1617 | </entry> |
---|
| 1618 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1619 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1620 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1621 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipticalCone.jpg" |
---|
| 1622 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1623 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1624 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1625 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aEllipticalCone.jpg" |
---|
| 1626 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1627 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1628 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1629 | |
---|
| 1630 | <?JavaScript pic14.html ?> |
---|
| 1631 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1632 | <literal> |
---|
| 1633 | <para> |
---|
| 1634 | pxSemiAxis = 30/75, pySemiAxis = 60/75, zMax = 50, pzTopCut = 25 |
---|
| 1635 | </para> |
---|
| 1636 | </literal> |
---|
| 1637 | </entry> |
---|
| 1638 | </row> |
---|
| 1639 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1640 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1641 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1642 | </para> |
---|
| 1643 | |
---|
| 1644 | <para> |
---|
| 1645 | where: |
---|
| 1646 | |
---|
| 1647 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1648 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1649 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1650 | <row> |
---|
| 1651 | <entry> |
---|
| 1652 | pxSemiAxis |
---|
| 1653 | </entry> |
---|
| 1654 | <entry> |
---|
| 1655 | Semiaxis in X |
---|
| 1656 | </entry> |
---|
| 1657 | </row> |
---|
| 1658 | <row> |
---|
| 1659 | <entry> |
---|
| 1660 | pySemiAxis |
---|
| 1661 | </entry> |
---|
| 1662 | <entry> |
---|
| 1663 | Semiaxis in Y |
---|
| 1664 | </entry> |
---|
| 1665 | </row> |
---|
| 1666 | <row> |
---|
| 1667 | <entry> |
---|
| 1668 | zMax |
---|
| 1669 | </entry> |
---|
| 1670 | <entry> |
---|
| 1671 | Height of elliptical cone |
---|
| 1672 | </entry> |
---|
| 1673 | </row> |
---|
| 1674 | <row> |
---|
| 1675 | <entry> |
---|
| 1676 | pzTopCut |
---|
| 1677 | </entry> |
---|
| 1678 | <entry> |
---|
| 1679 | upper cut plane level |
---|
| 1680 | </entry> |
---|
| 1681 | </row> |
---|
| 1682 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1683 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1684 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1685 | </para> |
---|
| 1686 | |
---|
| 1687 | <para> |
---|
| 1688 | An elliptical cone of height <literal>zMax</literal>, semiaxis |
---|
| 1689 | <literal>pxSemiAxis</literal>, and semiaxis <literal>pySemiAxis</literal> |
---|
| 1690 | is given by the parametric equations: |
---|
| 1691 | |
---|
| 1692 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1693 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1694 | x = pxSemiAxis * ( zMax - u ) / u * Cos(v) |
---|
| 1695 | y = pySemiAxis * ( zMax - u ) / u * Sin(v) |
---|
| 1696 | z = u |
---|
| 1697 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1698 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1699 | |
---|
| 1700 | Where <literal>v</literal> is between <literal>0</literal> and |
---|
| 1701 | <literal>2*Pi</literal>, and |
---|
| 1702 | <literal>u</literal> between <literal>0</literal> and |
---|
| 1703 | <literal>h</literal> respectively. |
---|
| 1704 | </para> |
---|
| 1705 | |
---|
| 1706 | |
---|
| 1707 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1708 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1709 | Paraboloid, a solid with parabolic profile: |
---|
| 1710 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1711 | |
---|
| 1712 | <para> |
---|
| 1713 | A <emphasis role="bold">solid with parabolic profile</emphasis> and possible cuts along |
---|
| 1714 | the <literal>Z</literal> axis can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 1715 | |
---|
| 1716 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1717 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1718 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1719 | <row> |
---|
| 1720 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1721 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1722 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1723 | G4Paraboloid(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1724 | G4double Dz, |
---|
| 1725 | G4double R1, |
---|
| 1726 | G4double R2) |
---|
| 1727 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1728 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1729 | |
---|
| 1730 | The equation for the solid is: |
---|
| 1731 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1732 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1733 | rho**2 <= k1 * z + k2; |
---|
| 1734 | -dz <= z <= dz |
---|
| 1735 | r1**2 = k1 * (-dz) + k2 |
---|
| 1736 | r2**2 = k1 * ( dz) + k2 |
---|
| 1737 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1738 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1739 | |
---|
| 1740 | </entry> |
---|
| 1741 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1742 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1743 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1744 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aParaboloid.jpg" |
---|
| 1745 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1746 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1747 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1748 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aParaboloid.jpg" |
---|
| 1749 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1750 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1751 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1752 | |
---|
| 1753 | <?JavaScript pic21.html ?> |
---|
| 1754 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1755 | <literal> |
---|
| 1756 | <para> |
---|
| 1757 | R1 = 20, R2 = 35, Dz = 20 |
---|
| 1758 | </para> |
---|
| 1759 | </literal> |
---|
| 1760 | </entry> |
---|
| 1761 | </row> |
---|
| 1762 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1763 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1764 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1765 | </para> |
---|
| 1766 | |
---|
| 1767 | <para> |
---|
| 1768 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1769 | <tgroup cols="6"> |
---|
| 1770 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1771 | <row> |
---|
| 1772 | <entry> |
---|
| 1773 | Dz |
---|
| 1774 | </entry> |
---|
| 1775 | <entry> |
---|
| 1776 | Half length Z |
---|
| 1777 | </entry> |
---|
| 1778 | <entry> |
---|
| 1779 | R1 |
---|
| 1780 | </entry> |
---|
| 1781 | <entry> |
---|
| 1782 | Radius at -Dz |
---|
| 1783 | </entry> |
---|
| 1784 | <entry> |
---|
| 1785 | R2 |
---|
| 1786 | </entry> |
---|
| 1787 | <entry> |
---|
| 1788 | Radius at +Dz greater than R1 |
---|
| 1789 | </entry> |
---|
| 1790 | </row> |
---|
| 1791 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1792 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1793 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1794 | </para> |
---|
| 1795 | |
---|
| 1796 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1797 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1798 | Tube with Hyperbolic Profile: |
---|
| 1799 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1800 | |
---|
| 1801 | <para> |
---|
| 1802 | A <emphasis role="bold">tube with a hyperbolic |
---|
| 1803 | profile</emphasis> (HYPE) can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 1804 | |
---|
| 1805 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1806 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1807 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1808 | <row> |
---|
| 1809 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1810 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1811 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1812 | G4Hype(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1813 | G4double innerRadius, |
---|
| 1814 | G4double outerRadius, |
---|
| 1815 | G4double innerStereo, |
---|
| 1816 | G4double outerStereo, |
---|
| 1817 | G4double halfLenZ) |
---|
| 1818 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1819 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1820 | </entry> |
---|
| 1821 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1822 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1823 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1824 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aHyperboloid.jpg" |
---|
| 1825 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1826 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1827 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1828 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aHyperboloid.jpg" |
---|
| 1829 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1830 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1831 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1832 | |
---|
| 1833 | <?JavaScript pic15.html ?> |
---|
| 1834 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1835 | <literal> |
---|
| 1836 | <para> |
---|
| 1837 | innerStereo = 0.7, outerStereo = 0.7, |
---|
| 1838 | halfLenZ = 50, |
---|
| 1839 | innerRadius = 20, outerRadius = 30 |
---|
| 1840 | </para> |
---|
| 1841 | </literal> |
---|
| 1842 | </entry> |
---|
| 1843 | </row> |
---|
| 1844 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1845 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1846 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1847 | </para> |
---|
| 1848 | |
---|
| 1849 | <para> |
---|
| 1850 | <literal>G4Hype</literal> is shaped with curved sides parallel to the |
---|
| 1851 | <literal>z</literal>-axis, has a specified half-length along the <literal>z</literal> |
---|
| 1852 | axis about which it is centred, and a given minimum and maximum |
---|
| 1853 | radius. |
---|
| 1854 | </para> |
---|
| 1855 | |
---|
| 1856 | <para> |
---|
| 1857 | A minimum radius of <literal>0</literal> defines a filled Hype (with |
---|
| 1858 | hyperbolic inner surface), i.e. inner radius = 0 AND inner stereo |
---|
| 1859 | angle = 0. |
---|
| 1860 | </para> |
---|
| 1861 | |
---|
| 1862 | <para> |
---|
| 1863 | The inner and outer hyperbolic surfaces can have different stereo |
---|
| 1864 | angles. A stereo angle of <literal>0</literal> gives a cylindrical |
---|
| 1865 | surface: |
---|
| 1866 | |
---|
| 1867 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1868 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1869 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1870 | <row> |
---|
| 1871 | <entry> |
---|
| 1872 | <literal>innerRadius</literal> |
---|
| 1873 | </entry> |
---|
| 1874 | <entry> |
---|
| 1875 | Inner radius |
---|
| 1876 | </entry> |
---|
| 1877 | </row> |
---|
| 1878 | <row> |
---|
| 1879 | <entry> |
---|
| 1880 | <literal>outerRadius</literal> |
---|
| 1881 | </entry> |
---|
| 1882 | <entry> |
---|
| 1883 | Outer radius |
---|
| 1884 | </entry> |
---|
| 1885 | </row> |
---|
| 1886 | <row> |
---|
| 1887 | <entry> |
---|
| 1888 | <literal>innerStereo</literal> |
---|
| 1889 | </entry> |
---|
| 1890 | <entry> |
---|
| 1891 | Inner stereo angle in radians |
---|
| 1892 | </entry> |
---|
| 1893 | </row> |
---|
| 1894 | <row> |
---|
| 1895 | <entry> |
---|
| 1896 | <literal>outerStereo</literal> |
---|
| 1897 | </entry> |
---|
| 1898 | <entry> |
---|
| 1899 | Outer stereo angle in radians |
---|
| 1900 | </entry> |
---|
| 1901 | </row> |
---|
| 1902 | <row> |
---|
| 1903 | <entry> |
---|
| 1904 | <literal>halfLenZ</literal> |
---|
| 1905 | </entry> |
---|
| 1906 | <entry> |
---|
| 1907 | Half length in Z |
---|
| 1908 | </entry> |
---|
| 1909 | </row> |
---|
| 1910 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1911 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1912 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1913 | </para> |
---|
| 1914 | |
---|
| 1915 | |
---|
| 1916 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 1917 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 1918 | Tetrahedra: |
---|
| 1919 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 1920 | |
---|
| 1921 | <para> |
---|
| 1922 | A <emphasis role="bold">tetrahedra</emphasis> solid can be |
---|
| 1923 | defined as follows: |
---|
| 1924 | |
---|
| 1925 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1926 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 1927 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1928 | <row> |
---|
| 1929 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 1930 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 1931 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 1932 | G4Tet(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 1933 | G4ThreeVector anchor, |
---|
| 1934 | G4ThreeVector p2, |
---|
| 1935 | G4ThreeVector p3, |
---|
| 1936 | G4ThreeVector p4, |
---|
| 1937 | G4bool *degeneracyFlag=0) |
---|
| 1938 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 1939 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 1940 | </entry> |
---|
| 1941 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 1942 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 1943 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 1944 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTet.jpg" |
---|
| 1945 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 1946 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1947 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 1948 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTet.jpg" |
---|
| 1949 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 1950 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 1951 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 1952 | |
---|
| 1953 | <?JavaScript pic16.html ?> |
---|
| 1954 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 1955 | <literal> |
---|
| 1956 | <para> |
---|
| 1957 | anchor = {0, 0, sqrt(3)}, |
---|
| 1958 | p2 = { 0, 2*sqrt(2/3), -1/sqrt(3) }, |
---|
| 1959 | p3 = { -sqrt(2), -sqrt(2/3),-1/sqrt(3) }, |
---|
| 1960 | p4 = { sqrt(2), -sqrt(2/3) , -1/sqrt(3) } |
---|
| 1961 | </para> |
---|
| 1962 | </literal> |
---|
| 1963 | </entry> |
---|
| 1964 | </row> |
---|
| 1965 | </tbody> |
---|
| 1966 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 1967 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 1968 | </para> |
---|
| 1969 | |
---|
| 1970 | <para> |
---|
| 1971 | The solid is defined by 4 points in space: |
---|
| 1972 | |
---|
| 1973 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 1974 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 1975 | <tbody> |
---|
| 1976 | <row> |
---|
| 1977 | <entry> |
---|
| 1978 | <literal>anchor</literal> |
---|
| 1979 | </entry> |
---|
| 1980 | <entry> |
---|
| 1981 | Anchor point |
---|
| 1982 | </entry> |
---|
| 1983 | </row> |
---|
| 1984 | <row> |
---|
| 1985 | <entry> |
---|
| 1986 | <literal>p2</literal> |
---|
| 1987 | </entry> |
---|
| 1988 | <entry> |
---|
| 1989 | Point 2 |
---|
| 1990 | </entry> |
---|
| 1991 | </row> |
---|
| 1992 | <row> |
---|
| 1993 | <entry> |
---|
| 1994 | <literal>p3</literal> |
---|
| 1995 | </entry> |
---|
| 1996 | <entry> |
---|
| 1997 | Point 3 |
---|
| 1998 | </entry> |
---|
| 1999 | </row> |
---|
| 2000 | <row> |
---|
| 2001 | <entry> |
---|
| 2002 | <literal>p4</literal> |
---|
| 2003 | </entry> |
---|
| 2004 | <entry> |
---|
| 2005 | Point 4 |
---|
| 2006 | </entry> |
---|
| 2007 | </row> |
---|
| 2008 | <row> |
---|
| 2009 | <entry> |
---|
| 2010 | degeneracyFlag |
---|
| 2011 | </entry> |
---|
| 2012 | <entry> |
---|
| 2013 | Flag indicating degeneracy of points |
---|
| 2014 | </entry> |
---|
| 2015 | </row> |
---|
| 2016 | <row> |
---|
| 2017 | <entry> |
---|
| 2018 | |
---|
| 2019 | </entry> |
---|
| 2020 | <entry> |
---|
| 2021 | |
---|
| 2022 | </entry> |
---|
| 2023 | </row> |
---|
| 2024 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2025 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2026 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2027 | </para> |
---|
| 2028 | |
---|
| 2029 | |
---|
| 2030 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2031 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2032 | Extruded Polygon: |
---|
| 2033 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2034 | |
---|
| 2035 | <para> |
---|
| 2036 | The extrusion of an arbitrary polygon |
---|
| 2037 | (<emphasis role="bold">extruded solid</emphasis>) with fixed outline |
---|
| 2038 | in the defined <literal>Z</literal> sections can be defined as follows |
---|
| 2039 | (in a general way, or as special construct with two <literal>Z</literal> |
---|
| 2040 | sections): |
---|
| 2041 | |
---|
| 2042 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2043 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 2044 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2045 | <row> |
---|
| 2046 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 2047 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2048 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2049 | G4ExtrudedSolid(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2050 | std::vector<G4TwoVector> polygon, |
---|
| 2051 | std::vector<ZSection> zsections) |
---|
| 2052 | |
---|
| 2053 | G4ExtrudedSolid(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2054 | std::vector<G4TwoVector> polygon, |
---|
| 2055 | G4double hz, |
---|
| 2056 | G4TwoVector off1, G4double scale1, |
---|
| 2057 | G4TwoVector off2, G4double scale2) |
---|
| 2058 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2059 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2060 | </entry> |
---|
| 2061 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 2062 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 2063 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 2064 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aExtrudedSolid.jpg" |
---|
| 2065 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 2066 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2067 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 2068 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aExtrudedSolid.jpg" |
---|
| 2069 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 2070 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2071 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 2072 | |
---|
| 2073 | <?JavaScript pic22.html ?> |
---|
| 2074 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 2075 | <literal> |
---|
| 2076 | <para> |
---|
| 2077 | poligon = {-30,-30},{-30,30},{30,30},{30,-30}, |
---|
| 2078 | {15,-30},{15,15},{-15,15},{-15,-30}</para> |
---|
| 2079 | <para> |
---|
| 2080 | zsections = [-60,{0,30},0.8], [-15, {0,-30},1.], |
---|
| 2081 | [10,{0,0},0.6], [60,{0,30},1.2]</para> |
---|
| 2082 | </literal> |
---|
| 2083 | </entry> |
---|
| 2084 | </row> |
---|
| 2085 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2086 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2087 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2088 | </para> |
---|
| 2089 | |
---|
| 2090 | <para> |
---|
| 2091 | The z-sides of the solid are the scaled versions of the same polygon. |
---|
| 2092 | |
---|
| 2093 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2094 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2095 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2096 | <row> |
---|
| 2097 | <entry> |
---|
| 2098 | <literal>polygon</literal> |
---|
| 2099 | </entry> |
---|
| 2100 | <entry> |
---|
| 2101 | the vertices of the outlined polygon defined in clock-wise order |
---|
| 2102 | </entry> |
---|
| 2103 | </row> |
---|
| 2104 | <row> |
---|
| 2105 | <entry> |
---|
| 2106 | <literal>zsections</literal> |
---|
| 2107 | </entry> |
---|
| 2108 | <entry> |
---|
| 2109 | the z-sections defined by z position in increasing order |
---|
| 2110 | </entry> |
---|
| 2111 | </row> |
---|
| 2112 | <row> |
---|
| 2113 | <entry> |
---|
| 2114 | <literal>hz</literal> |
---|
| 2115 | </entry> |
---|
| 2116 | <entry> |
---|
| 2117 | Half length in Z |
---|
| 2118 | </entry> |
---|
| 2119 | </row> |
---|
| 2120 | <row> |
---|
| 2121 | <entry> |
---|
| 2122 | <literal>off1, off2</literal> |
---|
| 2123 | </entry> |
---|
| 2124 | <entry> |
---|
| 2125 | Offset of the side in -hz and +hz respectively |
---|
| 2126 | </entry> |
---|
| 2127 | </row> |
---|
| 2128 | <row> |
---|
| 2129 | <entry> |
---|
| 2130 | <literal>scale1, scale2</literal> |
---|
| 2131 | </entry> |
---|
| 2132 | <entry> |
---|
| 2133 | Scale of the side in -hz and +hz respectively |
---|
| 2134 | </entry> |
---|
| 2135 | </row> |
---|
| 2136 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2137 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2138 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2139 | </para> |
---|
| 2140 | |
---|
| 2141 | |
---|
| 2142 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2143 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2144 | Box Twisted: |
---|
| 2145 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2146 | |
---|
| 2147 | <para> |
---|
| 2148 | A <emphasis role="bold">box twisted</emphasis> along one axis |
---|
| 2149 | can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 2150 | |
---|
| 2151 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2152 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 2153 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2154 | <row> |
---|
| 2155 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 2156 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2157 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2158 | G4TwistedBox(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2159 | G4double twistedangle, |
---|
| 2160 | G4double pDx, |
---|
| 2161 | G4double pDy, |
---|
| 2162 | G4double pDz) |
---|
| 2163 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2164 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2165 | </entry> |
---|
| 2166 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 2167 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 2168 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 2169 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedBox.jpg" |
---|
| 2170 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 2171 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2172 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 2173 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedBox.jpg" |
---|
| 2174 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 2175 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2176 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 2177 | |
---|
| 2178 | <?JavaScript pic17.html ?> |
---|
| 2179 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 2180 | <literal> |
---|
| 2181 | <para> |
---|
| 2182 | twistedangle = 30*Degree, pDx = 30, pDy =40, pDz = 60 |
---|
| 2183 | </para> |
---|
| 2184 | </literal> |
---|
| 2185 | </entry> |
---|
| 2186 | </row> |
---|
| 2187 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2188 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2189 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2190 | </para> |
---|
| 2191 | |
---|
| 2192 | <para> |
---|
| 2193 | <literal>G4TwistedBox</literal> is a box twisted along the z-axis. The |
---|
| 2194 | twist angle cannot be greater than 90 degrees: |
---|
| 2195 | |
---|
| 2196 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2197 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2198 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2199 | <row> |
---|
| 2200 | <entry> |
---|
| 2201 | <literal>twistedangle</literal> |
---|
| 2202 | </entry> |
---|
| 2203 | <entry> |
---|
| 2204 | Twist angle |
---|
| 2205 | </entry> |
---|
| 2206 | </row> |
---|
| 2207 | <row> |
---|
| 2208 | <entry> |
---|
| 2209 | <literal>pDx</literal> |
---|
| 2210 | </entry> |
---|
| 2211 | <entry> |
---|
| 2212 | Half x length |
---|
| 2213 | </entry> |
---|
| 2214 | </row> |
---|
| 2215 | <row> |
---|
| 2216 | <entry> |
---|
| 2217 | <literal>pDy</literal> |
---|
| 2218 | </entry> |
---|
| 2219 | <entry> |
---|
| 2220 | Half y length |
---|
| 2221 | </entry> |
---|
| 2222 | </row> |
---|
| 2223 | <row> |
---|
| 2224 | <entry> |
---|
| 2225 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
---|
| 2226 | </entry> |
---|
| 2227 | <entry> |
---|
| 2228 | Half z length |
---|
| 2229 | </entry> |
---|
| 2230 | </row> |
---|
| 2231 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2232 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2233 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2234 | </para> |
---|
| 2235 | |
---|
| 2236 | |
---|
| 2237 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2238 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2239 | Trapezoid Twisted along One Axis: |
---|
| 2240 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2241 | |
---|
| 2242 | <para> |
---|
| 2243 | <emphasis>trapezoid twisted</emphasis> along one axis can be defined as |
---|
| 2244 | follows: |
---|
| 2245 | |
---|
| 2246 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2247 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 2248 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2249 | <row> |
---|
| 2250 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 2251 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2252 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2253 | G4TwistedTrap(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2254 | G4double twistedangle, |
---|
| 2255 | G4double pDxx1, |
---|
| 2256 | G4double pDxx2, |
---|
| 2257 | G4double pDy, |
---|
| 2258 | G4double pDz) |
---|
| 2259 | |
---|
| 2260 | G4TwistedTrap(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2261 | G4double twistedangle, |
---|
| 2262 | G4double pDz, |
---|
| 2263 | G4double pTheta, |
---|
| 2264 | G4double pPhi, |
---|
| 2265 | G4double pDy1, |
---|
| 2266 | G4double pDx1, |
---|
| 2267 | G4double pDx2, |
---|
| 2268 | G4double pDy2, |
---|
| 2269 | G4double pDx3, |
---|
| 2270 | G4double pDx4, |
---|
| 2271 | G4double pAlph) |
---|
| 2272 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2273 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2274 | </entry> |
---|
| 2275 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 2276 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 2277 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 2278 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTrap.jpg" |
---|
| 2279 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 2280 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2281 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 2282 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTrap.jpg" |
---|
| 2283 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 2284 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2285 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 2286 | |
---|
| 2287 | <?JavaScript pic18.html ?> |
---|
| 2288 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 2289 | <literal> |
---|
| 2290 | <para> |
---|
| 2291 | pDx1 = 30, pDx2 = 40, pDy1 = 40, |
---|
| 2292 | pDx3 = 10, pDx4 = 14, pDy2 = 16, |
---|
| 2293 | pDz = 60, |
---|
| 2294 | pTheta = 20*Degree, pDphi = 5*Degree, |
---|
| 2295 | pAlph = 10*Degree, twistedangle = 30*Degree |
---|
| 2296 | </para> |
---|
| 2297 | </literal> |
---|
| 2298 | </entry> |
---|
| 2299 | </row> |
---|
| 2300 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2301 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2302 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2303 | </para> |
---|
| 2304 | |
---|
| 2305 | <para> |
---|
| 2306 | The first constructor of <literal>G4TwistedTrap</literal> produces a |
---|
| 2307 | regular trapezoid twisted along the <literal>z</literal>-axis, where the caps |
---|
| 2308 | of the trapezoid are of the same shape and size. |
---|
| 2309 | </para> |
---|
| 2310 | |
---|
| 2311 | <para> |
---|
| 2312 | The second constructor produces a generic trapezoid with polar, |
---|
| 2313 | azimuthal and tilt angles. |
---|
| 2314 | </para> |
---|
| 2315 | |
---|
| 2316 | <para> |
---|
| 2317 | The twist angle cannot be greater than 90 degrees: |
---|
| 2318 | |
---|
| 2319 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2320 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2321 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2322 | <row> |
---|
| 2323 | <entry> |
---|
| 2324 | <literal>twistedangle</literal> |
---|
| 2325 | </entry> |
---|
| 2326 | <entry> |
---|
| 2327 | Twisted angle |
---|
| 2328 | </entry> |
---|
| 2329 | </row> |
---|
| 2330 | <row> |
---|
| 2331 | <entry> |
---|
| 2332 | <literal>pDx1</literal> |
---|
| 2333 | </entry> |
---|
| 2334 | <entry> |
---|
| 2335 | Half x length at y=-pDy |
---|
| 2336 | </entry> |
---|
| 2337 | </row> |
---|
| 2338 | <row> |
---|
| 2339 | <entry> |
---|
| 2340 | <literal>pDx2</literal> |
---|
| 2341 | </entry> |
---|
| 2342 | <entry> |
---|
| 2343 | Half x length at y=+pDy |
---|
| 2344 | </entry> |
---|
| 2345 | </row> |
---|
| 2346 | <row> |
---|
| 2347 | <entry> |
---|
| 2348 | <literal>pDy</literal> |
---|
| 2349 | </entry> |
---|
| 2350 | <entry> |
---|
| 2351 | Half y length |
---|
| 2352 | </entry> |
---|
| 2353 | </row> |
---|
| 2354 | <row> |
---|
| 2355 | <entry> |
---|
| 2356 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
---|
| 2357 | </entry> |
---|
| 2358 | <entry> |
---|
| 2359 | Half z length |
---|
| 2360 | </entry> |
---|
| 2361 | </row> |
---|
| 2362 | <row> |
---|
| 2363 | <entry> |
---|
| 2364 | <literal>pTheta</literal> |
---|
| 2365 | </entry> |
---|
| 2366 | <entry> |
---|
| 2367 | Polar angle of the line joining the centres of the faces at -/+pDz |
---|
| 2368 | </entry> |
---|
| 2369 | </row> |
---|
| 2370 | <row> |
---|
| 2371 | <entry> |
---|
| 2372 | <literal>pDy1</literal> |
---|
| 2373 | </entry> |
---|
| 2374 | <entry> |
---|
| 2375 | Half y length at -pDz |
---|
| 2376 | </entry> |
---|
| 2377 | </row> |
---|
| 2378 | <row> |
---|
| 2379 | <entry> |
---|
| 2380 | <literal>pDx1</literal> |
---|
| 2381 | </entry> |
---|
| 2382 | <entry> |
---|
| 2383 | Half x length at -pDz, y=-pDy1 |
---|
| 2384 | </entry> |
---|
| 2385 | </row> |
---|
| 2386 | <row> |
---|
| 2387 | <entry> |
---|
| 2388 | <literal>pDx2</literal> |
---|
| 2389 | </entry> |
---|
| 2390 | <entry> |
---|
| 2391 | Half x length at -pDz, y=+pDy1 |
---|
| 2392 | </entry> |
---|
| 2393 | </row> |
---|
| 2394 | <row> |
---|
| 2395 | <entry> |
---|
| 2396 | <literal>pDy2</literal> |
---|
| 2397 | </entry> |
---|
| 2398 | <entry> |
---|
| 2399 | Half y length at +pDz |
---|
| 2400 | |
---|
| 2401 | </entry> |
---|
| 2402 | </row> |
---|
| 2403 | <row> |
---|
| 2404 | <entry> |
---|
| 2405 | <literal>pDx3</literal> |
---|
| 2406 | </entry> |
---|
| 2407 | <entry> |
---|
| 2408 | Half x length at +pDz, y=-pDy2 |
---|
| 2409 | </entry> |
---|
| 2410 | </row> |
---|
| 2411 | <row> |
---|
| 2412 | <entry> |
---|
| 2413 | <literal>pDx4</literal> |
---|
| 2414 | </entry> |
---|
| 2415 | <entry> |
---|
| 2416 | Half x length at +pDz, y=+pDy2 |
---|
| 2417 | </entry> |
---|
| 2418 | </row> |
---|
| 2419 | <row> |
---|
| 2420 | <entry> |
---|
| 2421 | <literal>pAlph</literal> |
---|
| 2422 | </entry> |
---|
| 2423 | <entry> |
---|
| 2424 | Angle with respect to the y axis from the centre of the side |
---|
| 2425 | </entry> |
---|
| 2426 | </row> |
---|
| 2427 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2428 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2429 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2430 | </para> |
---|
| 2431 | |
---|
| 2432 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2433 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2434 | Twisted Trapezoid with <literal>x</literal> and <literal>y</literal> dimensions |
---|
| 2435 | varying along <literal>z</literal>: |
---|
| 2436 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2437 | |
---|
| 2438 | <para> |
---|
| 2439 | A <emphasis role="bold">twisted trapezoid</emphasis> with the |
---|
| 2440 | <literal>x</literal> and <literal>y</literal> dimensions |
---|
| 2441 | <emphasis role="bold">varying along <literal>z</literal></emphasis> can be |
---|
| 2442 | defined as follows: |
---|
| 2443 | |
---|
| 2444 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2445 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 2446 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2447 | <row> |
---|
| 2448 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 2449 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2450 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2451 | G4TwistedTrd(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2452 | G4double pDx1, |
---|
| 2453 | G4double pDx2, |
---|
| 2454 | G4double pDy1, |
---|
| 2455 | G4double pDy2, |
---|
| 2456 | G4double pDz, |
---|
| 2457 | G4double twistedangle) |
---|
| 2458 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2459 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2460 | </entry> |
---|
| 2461 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 2462 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 2463 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 2464 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTrd.jpg" |
---|
| 2465 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 2466 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2467 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 2468 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTrd.jpg" |
---|
| 2469 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 2470 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2471 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 2472 | |
---|
| 2473 | <?JavaScript pic19.html ?> |
---|
| 2474 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 2475 | <literal> |
---|
| 2476 | <para> |
---|
| 2477 | dx1 = 30, dx2 = 10, |
---|
| 2478 | dy1 = 40, dy2 = 15, |
---|
| 2479 | dz = 60, twistedangle = 30*Degree |
---|
| 2480 | </para> |
---|
| 2481 | </literal> |
---|
| 2482 | </entry> |
---|
| 2483 | </row> |
---|
| 2484 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2485 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2486 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2487 | </para> |
---|
| 2488 | |
---|
| 2489 | <para> |
---|
| 2490 | where: |
---|
| 2491 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2492 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2493 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2494 | <row> |
---|
| 2495 | <entry> |
---|
| 2496 | <literal>pDx1</literal> |
---|
| 2497 | </entry> |
---|
| 2498 | <entry> |
---|
| 2499 | Half x length at the surface positioned at -dz |
---|
| 2500 | </entry> |
---|
| 2501 | </row> |
---|
| 2502 | <row> |
---|
| 2503 | <entry> |
---|
| 2504 | <literal>pDx2</literal> |
---|
| 2505 | </entry> |
---|
| 2506 | <entry> |
---|
| 2507 | Half x length at the surface positioned at +dz |
---|
| 2508 | </entry> |
---|
| 2509 | </row> |
---|
| 2510 | <row> |
---|
| 2511 | <entry> |
---|
| 2512 | <literal>pDy1</literal> |
---|
| 2513 | </entry> |
---|
| 2514 | <entry> |
---|
| 2515 | Half y length at the surface positioned at -dz |
---|
| 2516 | </entry> |
---|
| 2517 | </row> |
---|
| 2518 | <row> |
---|
| 2519 | <entry> |
---|
| 2520 | <literal>pDy2</literal> |
---|
| 2521 | </entry> |
---|
| 2522 | <entry> |
---|
| 2523 | Half y length at the surface positioned at +dz |
---|
| 2524 | </entry> |
---|
| 2525 | </row> |
---|
| 2526 | <row> |
---|
| 2527 | <entry> |
---|
| 2528 | <literal>pDz</literal> |
---|
| 2529 | </entry> |
---|
| 2530 | <entry> |
---|
| 2531 | Half z length |
---|
| 2532 | </entry> |
---|
| 2533 | </row> |
---|
| 2534 | <row> |
---|
| 2535 | <entry> |
---|
| 2536 | <literal>twistedangle</literal> |
---|
| 2537 | </entry> |
---|
| 2538 | <entry> |
---|
| 2539 | Twisted angle |
---|
| 2540 | </entry> |
---|
| 2541 | </row> |
---|
| 2542 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2543 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2544 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2545 | </para> |
---|
| 2546 | |
---|
| 2547 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2548 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2549 | Tube Section Twisted along Its Axis: |
---|
| 2550 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2551 | |
---|
| 2552 | <para> |
---|
| 2553 | A <emphasis role="bold">tube section twisted</emphasis> along |
---|
| 2554 | its axis can be defined as follows: |
---|
| 2555 | |
---|
| 2556 | <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2557 | <tgroup cols="2" colsep="0"> |
---|
| 2558 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2559 | <row> |
---|
| 2560 | <entry valign="top" align="left"> |
---|
| 2561 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2562 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2563 | G4TwistedTubs(const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2564 | G4double twistedangle, |
---|
| 2565 | G4double endinnerrad, |
---|
| 2566 | G4double endouterrad, |
---|
| 2567 | G4double halfzlen, |
---|
| 2568 | G4double dphi) |
---|
| 2569 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2570 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2571 | </entry> |
---|
| 2572 | <entry valign="top" align="center"> |
---|
| 2573 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 2574 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 2575 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTubs.jpg" |
---|
| 2576 | format="JPG" contentwidth="3.5cm" /> |
---|
| 2577 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2578 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 2579 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/aTwistedTubs.jpg" |
---|
| 2580 | format="JPG" /> |
---|
| 2581 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 2582 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 2583 | |
---|
| 2584 | <?JavaScript pic20.html ?> |
---|
| 2585 | <emphasis role="underline">In the picture</emphasis>: |
---|
| 2586 | <literal> |
---|
| 2587 | <para> |
---|
| 2588 | endinnerrad = 10, endouterrad = 15, |
---|
| 2589 | halfzlen = 20, dphi = 90*Degree, |
---|
| 2590 | twistedangle = 60*Degree |
---|
| 2591 | </para> |
---|
| 2592 | </literal> |
---|
| 2593 | </entry> |
---|
| 2594 | </row> |
---|
| 2595 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2596 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2597 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2598 | </para> |
---|
| 2599 | |
---|
| 2600 | <para> |
---|
| 2601 | <literal>G4TwistedTubs</literal> is a sort of twisted cylinder which, |
---|
| 2602 | placed along the <literal>z</literal>-axis and divided into |
---|
| 2603 | <literal>phi</literal>-segments is shaped like an hyperboloid, where each of |
---|
| 2604 | its segmented pieces can be tilted with a stereo angle. |
---|
| 2605 | </para> |
---|
| 2606 | |
---|
| 2607 | <para> |
---|
| 2608 | It can have inner and outer surfaces with the same stereo angle: |
---|
| 2609 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2610 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2611 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2612 | <row> |
---|
| 2613 | <entry> |
---|
| 2614 | <literal>twistedangle</literal> |
---|
| 2615 | </entry> |
---|
| 2616 | <entry> |
---|
| 2617 | Twisted angle |
---|
| 2618 | </entry> |
---|
| 2619 | </row> |
---|
| 2620 | <row> |
---|
| 2621 | <entry> |
---|
| 2622 | <literal>endinnerrad</literal> |
---|
| 2623 | </entry> |
---|
| 2624 | <entry> |
---|
| 2625 | Inner radius at endcap |
---|
| 2626 | </entry> |
---|
| 2627 | </row> |
---|
| 2628 | <row> |
---|
| 2629 | <entry> |
---|
| 2630 | <literal>endouterrad</literal> |
---|
| 2631 | </entry> |
---|
| 2632 | <entry> |
---|
| 2633 | Outer radius at endcap |
---|
| 2634 | </entry> |
---|
| 2635 | </row> |
---|
| 2636 | <row> |
---|
| 2637 | <entry> |
---|
| 2638 | <literal>halfzlen</literal> |
---|
| 2639 | </entry> |
---|
| 2640 | <entry> |
---|
| 2641 | Half z length |
---|
| 2642 | </entry> |
---|
| 2643 | </row> |
---|
| 2644 | <row> |
---|
| 2645 | <entry> |
---|
| 2646 | <literal>dphi</literal> |
---|
| 2647 | </entry> |
---|
| 2648 | <entry> |
---|
| 2649 | Phi angle of a segment |
---|
| 2650 | </entry> |
---|
| 2651 | </row> |
---|
| 2652 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2653 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2654 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2655 | </para> |
---|
| 2656 | |
---|
| 2657 | <para> |
---|
| 2658 | Additional constructors are provided, allowing the shape to be |
---|
| 2659 | specified either as: |
---|
| 2660 | |
---|
| 2661 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
---|
| 2662 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2663 | the number of segments in <literal>phi</literal> and the total angle for |
---|
| 2664 | all segments, or |
---|
| 2665 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2666 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2667 | a combination of the above constructors providing instead the |
---|
| 2668 | inner and outer radii at <literal>z=0</literal> with different |
---|
| 2669 | <literal>z</literal>-lengths along negative and positive |
---|
| 2670 | <literal>z</literal>-axis. |
---|
| 2671 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2672 | </itemizedlist> |
---|
| 2673 | </para> |
---|
| 2674 | |
---|
| 2675 | </sect3> |
---|
| 2676 | |
---|
| 2677 | |
---|
| 2678 | <!-- ******************* Section (Level#3) ****************** --> |
---|
| 2679 | <sect3 id="sect.Geom.Solids.BoolOp"> |
---|
| 2680 | <title> |
---|
| 2681 | Solids made by Boolean operations |
---|
| 2682 | </title> |
---|
| 2683 | |
---|
| 2684 | <para> |
---|
| 2685 | Simple solids can be combined using Boolean operations. For |
---|
| 2686 | example, a cylinder and a half-sphere can be combined with the |
---|
| 2687 | union Boolean operation. |
---|
| 2688 | </para> |
---|
| 2689 | |
---|
| 2690 | <para> |
---|
| 2691 | Creating such a new <emphasis>Boolean</emphasis> solid, requires: |
---|
| 2692 | |
---|
| 2693 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
---|
| 2694 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2695 | Two solids |
---|
| 2696 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2697 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2698 | A Boolean operation: union, intersection or subtraction. |
---|
| 2699 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2700 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2701 | Optionally a transformation for the second solid. |
---|
| 2702 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2703 | </itemizedlist> |
---|
| 2704 | </para> |
---|
| 2705 | |
---|
| 2706 | <para> |
---|
| 2707 | The solids used should be either CSG solids (for examples a box, |
---|
| 2708 | a spherical shell, or a tube) or another Boolean solid: the product |
---|
| 2709 | of a previous Boolean operation. An important purpose of Boolean |
---|
| 2710 | solids is to allow the description of solids with peculiar shapes |
---|
| 2711 | in a simple and intuitive way, still allowing an efficient |
---|
| 2712 | geometrical navigation inside them. |
---|
| 2713 | </para> |
---|
| 2714 | |
---|
| 2715 | <note><title></title> |
---|
| 2716 | <para> |
---|
| 2717 | The solids used can actually be of any type. However, in |
---|
| 2718 | order to fully support the export of a Geant4 solid model via STEP |
---|
| 2719 | to CAD systems, we restrict the use of Boolean operations to this |
---|
| 2720 | subset of solids. But this subset contains all the most interesting |
---|
| 2721 | use cases. |
---|
| 2722 | </para> |
---|
| 2723 | </note> |
---|
| 2724 | |
---|
| 2725 | <note><title></title> |
---|
| 2726 | <para> |
---|
[1211] | 2727 | The constituent solids of a Boolean operation should possibly |
---|
| 2728 | <emphasis>avoid</emphasis> be composed by sharing all or part of |
---|
| 2729 | their surfaces. This precaution is necessary in order to avoid the |
---|
| 2730 | generation of 'fake' surfaces due to precision loss, or errors in |
---|
| 2731 | the final visualization of the Boolean shape. Moreover, the final |
---|
| 2732 | Boolean solid should represent a single 'closed' solid, i.e. a Boolean |
---|
| 2733 | operation between two solids which are disjoint or far apart each |
---|
| 2734 | other, is <emphasis>not</emphasis> a valid Boolean composition. |
---|
| 2735 | </para> |
---|
| 2736 | </note> |
---|
| 2737 | |
---|
| 2738 | <note><title></title> |
---|
| 2739 | <para> |
---|
[904] | 2740 | The tracking cost for navigating in a Boolean solid in the |
---|
| 2741 | current implementation, is proportional to the number of |
---|
| 2742 | constituent solids. So care must be taken to avoid extensive, |
---|
| 2743 | unecessary use of Boolean solids in performance-critical areas of a |
---|
| 2744 | geometry description, where each solid is created from Boolean |
---|
| 2745 | combinations of many other solids. |
---|
| 2746 | </para> |
---|
| 2747 | </note> |
---|
| 2748 | |
---|
| 2749 | <para> |
---|
| 2750 | Examples of the creation of the simplest Boolean solids are |
---|
| 2751 | given below: |
---|
| 2752 | |
---|
| 2753 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2754 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2755 | G4Box* box = |
---|
| 2756 | new G4Box("Box",20*mm,30*mm,40*mm); |
---|
| 2757 | G4Tubs* cyl = |
---|
| 2758 | new G4Tubs("Cylinder",0,50*mm,50*mm,0,twopi); // r: 0 mm -> 50 mm |
---|
| 2759 | // z: -50 mm -> 50 mm |
---|
| 2760 | // phi: 0 -> 2 pi |
---|
| 2761 | G4UnionSolid* union = |
---|
| 2762 | new G4UnionSolid("Box+Cylinder", box, cyl); |
---|
| 2763 | G4IntersectionSolid* intersection = |
---|
| 2764 | new G4IntersectionSolid("Box*Cylinder", box, cyl); |
---|
| 2765 | G4SubtractionSolid* subtraction = |
---|
| 2766 | new G4SubtractionSolid("Box-Cylinder", box, cyl); |
---|
| 2767 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2768 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2769 | |
---|
| 2770 | where the union, intersection and subtraction of a box and cylinder |
---|
| 2771 | are constructed. |
---|
| 2772 | </para> |
---|
| 2773 | |
---|
| 2774 | <para> |
---|
| 2775 | The more useful case where one of the solids is displaced from |
---|
| 2776 | the origin of coordinates also exists. In this case the second |
---|
| 2777 | solid is positioned relative to the coordinate system (and thus |
---|
| 2778 | relative to the first). This can be done in two ways: |
---|
| 2779 | |
---|
| 2780 | <itemizedlist spacing="compact"> |
---|
| 2781 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2782 | Either by giving a rotation matrix and translation vector that |
---|
| 2783 | are used to transform the coordinate system of the second solid to |
---|
| 2784 | the coordinate system of the first solid. This is called the |
---|
| 2785 | <emphasis>passive</emphasis> method. |
---|
| 2786 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2787 | <listitem><para> |
---|
| 2788 | Or by creating a transformation that moves the second solid |
---|
| 2789 | from its desired position to its standard position, e.g., a box's |
---|
| 2790 | standard position is with its centre at the origin and sides |
---|
| 2791 | parallel to the three axes. This is called the |
---|
| 2792 | <emphasis>active</emphasis> method. |
---|
| 2793 | </para></listitem> |
---|
| 2794 | </itemizedlist> |
---|
| 2795 | </para> |
---|
| 2796 | |
---|
| 2797 | <para> |
---|
| 2798 | In the first case, the translation is applied first to move the |
---|
| 2799 | origin of coordinates. Then the rotation is used to rotate the |
---|
| 2800 | coordinate system of the second solid to the coordinate system of |
---|
| 2801 | the first. |
---|
| 2802 | |
---|
| 2803 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2804 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2805 | G4RotationMatrix* yRot = new G4RotationMatrix; // Rotates X and Z axes only |
---|
| 2806 | yRot->rotateY(M_PI/4.*rad); // Rotates 45 degrees |
---|
| 2807 | G4ThreeVector zTrans(0, 0, 50); |
---|
| 2808 | |
---|
| 2809 | G4UnionSolid* unionMoved = |
---|
| 2810 | new G4UnionSolid("Box+CylinderMoved", box, cyl, yRot, zTrans); |
---|
| 2811 | // |
---|
| 2812 | // The new coordinate system of the cylinder is translated so that |
---|
| 2813 | // its centre is at +50 on the original Z axis, and it is rotated |
---|
| 2814 | // with its X axis halfway between the original X and Z axes. |
---|
| 2815 | |
---|
| 2816 | // Now we build the same solid using the alternative method |
---|
| 2817 | // |
---|
| 2818 | G4RotationMatrix invRot = *(yRot->invert()); |
---|
| 2819 | G4Transform3D transform(invRot, zTrans); |
---|
| 2820 | G4UnionSolid* unionMoved = |
---|
| 2821 | new G4UnionSolid("Box+CylinderMoved", box, cyl, transform); |
---|
| 2822 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2823 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2824 | </para> |
---|
| 2825 | |
---|
| 2826 | <para> |
---|
| 2827 | Note that the first constructor that takes a pointer to the |
---|
| 2828 | rotation-matrix (<literal>G4RotationMatrix*</literal>), does NOT copy it. |
---|
| 2829 | Therefore once used a rotation-matrix to construct a Boolean solid, |
---|
| 2830 | it must NOT be modified. |
---|
| 2831 | </para> |
---|
| 2832 | |
---|
| 2833 | <para> |
---|
| 2834 | In contrast, with the alternative method shown, a |
---|
| 2835 | <literal>G4Transform3D</literal> is provided to the constructor by value, and |
---|
| 2836 | its transformation is stored by the Boolean solid. The user may |
---|
| 2837 | modify the <literal>G4Transform3D</literal> and eventually use it again. |
---|
| 2838 | </para> |
---|
| 2839 | |
---|
| 2840 | <para> |
---|
| 2841 | When positioning a volume associated to a Boolean solid, the |
---|
| 2842 | relative center of coordinates considered for the positioning is |
---|
| 2843 | the one related to the <emphasis>first</emphasis> of the two constituent |
---|
| 2844 | solids. |
---|
| 2845 | </para> |
---|
| 2846 | |
---|
| 2847 | </sect3> |
---|
| 2848 | |
---|
| 2849 | |
---|
| 2850 | <!-- ******************* Section (Level#3) ****************** --> |
---|
| 2851 | <sect3 id="sect.Geom.Solids.BREPS"> |
---|
| 2852 | <title> |
---|
| 2853 | Boundary Represented (BREPS) Solids |
---|
| 2854 | </title> |
---|
| 2855 | |
---|
| 2856 | <para> |
---|
| 2857 | BREP solids are defined via the description of their boundaries. |
---|
| 2858 | The boundaries can be made of planar and second order surfaces. |
---|
| 2859 | Eventually these can be trimmed and have holes. The resulting |
---|
| 2860 | solids, such as polygonal, polyconical solids are known as |
---|
| 2861 | Elementary BREPS. |
---|
| 2862 | </para> |
---|
| 2863 | |
---|
| 2864 | <para> |
---|
| 2865 | In addition, the boundary surfaces can be made of Bezier |
---|
| 2866 | surfaces and B-Splines, or of NURBS |
---|
| 2867 | (Non-Uniform-Rational-B-Splines) surfaces. The resulting solids are |
---|
| 2868 | Advanced BREPS. |
---|
| 2869 | </para> |
---|
| 2870 | |
---|
| 2871 | <para> |
---|
| 2872 | |
---|
| 2873 | <note><title></title> |
---|
| 2874 | <para> |
---|
| 2875 | Currently, the implementation for surfaces |
---|
| 2876 | generated by Beziers, B-Splines or NURBS is only at the level of |
---|
| 2877 | prototype and not fully functional. |
---|
| 2878 | </para> |
---|
| 2879 | |
---|
| 2880 | <para> |
---|
| 2881 | Extensions in this area are foreseen in future. |
---|
| 2882 | </para> |
---|
| 2883 | </note> |
---|
| 2884 | |
---|
| 2885 | <para> |
---|
[1211] | 2886 | A few elementary BREPS are provided in the BREPS module as |
---|
| 2887 | examples on how to assemble a BREP shap; these can be |
---|
| 2888 | instantiated in the same manner as for the Constructed |
---|
| 2889 | Solids (CSGs). |
---|
| 2890 | We summarize their capabilities in the following section. |
---|
[904] | 2891 | </para> |
---|
| 2892 | |
---|
| 2893 | <para> |
---|
| 2894 | Most BREPS Solids are however defined by creating each surface |
---|
| 2895 | separately and tying them together. |
---|
| 2896 | </para> |
---|
| 2897 | |
---|
| 2898 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 2899 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 2900 | Specific BREP Solids: |
---|
| 2901 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 2902 | |
---|
| 2903 | <para> |
---|
| 2904 | We have defined one polygonal and one polyconical shape using |
---|
| 2905 | BREPS. The polycone provides a shape defined by a series of conical |
---|
| 2906 | sections with the same axis, contiguous along it. |
---|
| 2907 | </para> |
---|
| 2908 | |
---|
| 2909 | <para> |
---|
| 2910 | The polyconical solid <literal>G4BREPSolidPCone</literal> is a shape |
---|
| 2911 | defined by a set of inner and outer conical or cylindrical surface |
---|
| 2912 | sections and two planes perpendicular to the Z axis. Each conical |
---|
| 2913 | surface is defined by its radius at two different planes |
---|
| 2914 | perpendicular to the Z-axis. Inner and outer conical surfaces are |
---|
| 2915 | defined using common Z planes. |
---|
| 2916 | </para> |
---|
| 2917 | |
---|
| 2918 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 2919 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 2920 | G4BREPSolidPCone( const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 2921 | G4double start_angle, |
---|
| 2922 | G4double opening_angle, |
---|
| 2923 | G4int num_z_planes, // sections, |
---|
| 2924 | G4double z_start, |
---|
| 2925 | const G4double z_values[], |
---|
| 2926 | const G4double RMIN[], |
---|
| 2927 | const G4double RMAX[] ) |
---|
| 2928 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 2929 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 2930 | |
---|
| 2931 | <para> |
---|
| 2932 | The conical sections do not need to fill 360 degrees, but can have |
---|
| 2933 | a common start and opening angle. |
---|
| 2934 | </para> |
---|
| 2935 | |
---|
| 2936 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 2937 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 2938 | <tbody> |
---|
| 2939 | <row> |
---|
| 2940 | <entry> |
---|
| 2941 | <literal>start_angle</literal> |
---|
| 2942 | </entry> |
---|
| 2943 | <entry> |
---|
| 2944 | starting angle |
---|
| 2945 | </entry> |
---|
| 2946 | </row> |
---|
| 2947 | <row> |
---|
| 2948 | <entry> |
---|
| 2949 | <literal>opening_angle</literal> |
---|
| 2950 | </entry> |
---|
| 2951 | <entry> |
---|
| 2952 | opening angle |
---|
| 2953 | </entry> |
---|
| 2954 | </row> |
---|
| 2955 | <row> |
---|
| 2956 | <entry> |
---|
| 2957 | <literal>num_z_planes</literal> |
---|
| 2958 | </entry> |
---|
| 2959 | <entry> |
---|
| 2960 | number of planes perpendicular to the z-axis used. |
---|
| 2961 | </entry> |
---|
| 2962 | </row> |
---|
| 2963 | <row> |
---|
| 2964 | <entry> |
---|
| 2965 | <literal>z_start</literal> |
---|
| 2966 | </entry> |
---|
| 2967 | <entry> |
---|
| 2968 | starting value of z |
---|
| 2969 | </entry> |
---|
| 2970 | </row> |
---|
| 2971 | <row> |
---|
| 2972 | <entry> |
---|
| 2973 | <literal>z_values</literal> |
---|
| 2974 | </entry> |
---|
| 2975 | <entry> |
---|
| 2976 | z coordinates of each plane |
---|
| 2977 | </entry> |
---|
| 2978 | </row> |
---|
| 2979 | <row> |
---|
| 2980 | <entry> |
---|
| 2981 | <literal>RMIN</literal> |
---|
| 2982 | </entry> |
---|
| 2983 | <entry> |
---|
| 2984 | radius of inner cone at each plane |
---|
| 2985 | </entry> |
---|
| 2986 | </row> |
---|
| 2987 | <row> |
---|
| 2988 | <entry> |
---|
| 2989 | <literal>RMAX</literal> |
---|
| 2990 | </entry> |
---|
| 2991 | <entry> |
---|
| 2992 | radius of outer cone at each plane |
---|
| 2993 | </entry> |
---|
| 2994 | </row> |
---|
| 2995 | </tbody> |
---|
| 2996 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 2997 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 2998 | </para> |
---|
| 2999 | |
---|
| 3000 | <para> |
---|
| 3001 | The polygonal solid <literal>G4BREPSolidPolyhedra</literal> is a shape |
---|
| 3002 | defined by an inner and outer polygonal surface and two planes |
---|
| 3003 | perpendicular to the Z axis. Each polygonal surface is created by |
---|
| 3004 | linking a series of polygons created at different planes |
---|
| 3005 | perpendicular to the Z-axis. All these polygons all have the same |
---|
| 3006 | number of sides (<literal>sides</literal>) and are defined at the same Z |
---|
| 3007 | planes for both inner and outer polygonal surfaces. |
---|
| 3008 | </para> |
---|
| 3009 | |
---|
| 3010 | <para> |
---|
| 3011 | The polygons do not need to fill 360 degrees, but have a start |
---|
| 3012 | and opening angle. |
---|
| 3013 | </para> |
---|
| 3014 | |
---|
| 3015 | <para> |
---|
| 3016 | The constructor takes the following parameters: |
---|
| 3017 | |
---|
| 3018 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 3019 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 3020 | G4BREPSolidPolyhedra( const G4String& pName, |
---|
| 3021 | G4double start_angle, |
---|
| 3022 | G4double opening_angle, |
---|
| 3023 | G4int sides, |
---|
| 3024 | G4int num_z_planes, |
---|
| 3025 | G4double z_start, |
---|
| 3026 | const G4double z_values[], |
---|
| 3027 | const G4double RMIN[], |
---|
| 3028 | const G4double RMAX[] ) |
---|
| 3029 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 3030 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 3031 | |
---|
| 3032 | which in addition to its name have the following meaning: |
---|
| 3033 | |
---|
| 3034 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 3035 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 3036 | <tbody> |
---|
| 3037 | <row> |
---|
| 3038 | <entry> |
---|
| 3039 | <literal>start_angle</literal> |
---|
| 3040 | </entry> |
---|
| 3041 | <entry> |
---|
| 3042 | starting angle |
---|
| 3043 | </entry> |
---|
| 3044 | </row> |
---|
| 3045 | <row> |
---|
| 3046 | <entry> |
---|
| 3047 | <literal>opening_angle</literal> |
---|
| 3048 | </entry> |
---|
| 3049 | <entry> |
---|
| 3050 | opening angle |
---|
| 3051 | </entry> |
---|
| 3052 | </row> |
---|
| 3053 | <row> |
---|
| 3054 | <entry> |
---|
| 3055 | <literal>sides</literal> |
---|
| 3056 | </entry> |
---|
| 3057 | <entry> |
---|
| 3058 | number of sides of each polygon in the x-y plane |
---|
| 3059 | </entry> |
---|
| 3060 | </row> |
---|
| 3061 | <row> |
---|
| 3062 | <entry> |
---|
| 3063 | <literal>num_z_planes</literal> |
---|
| 3064 | </entry> |
---|
| 3065 | <entry> |
---|
| 3066 | number of planes perpendicular to the z-axis used. |
---|
| 3067 | </entry> |
---|
| 3068 | </row> |
---|
| 3069 | <row> |
---|
| 3070 | <entry> |
---|
| 3071 | <literal>z_start</literal> |
---|
| 3072 | </entry> |
---|
| 3073 | <entry> |
---|
| 3074 | starting value of z |
---|
| 3075 | </entry> |
---|
| 3076 | </row> |
---|
| 3077 | <row> |
---|
| 3078 | <entry> |
---|
| 3079 | <literal>z_values</literal> |
---|
| 3080 | </entry> |
---|
| 3081 | <entry> |
---|
| 3082 | z coordinates of each plane |
---|
| 3083 | </entry> |
---|
| 3084 | </row> |
---|
| 3085 | <row> |
---|
| 3086 | <entry> |
---|
| 3087 | <literal>RMIN</literal> |
---|
| 3088 | </entry> |
---|
| 3089 | <entry> |
---|
| 3090 | radius of inner polygon at each corner |
---|
| 3091 | </entry> |
---|
| 3092 | </row> |
---|
| 3093 | <row> |
---|
| 3094 | <entry> |
---|
| 3095 | <literal>RMAX</literal> |
---|
| 3096 | </entry> |
---|
| 3097 | <entry> |
---|
| 3098 | radius of outer polygon at each corner |
---|
| 3099 | </entry> |
---|
| 3100 | </row> |
---|
| 3101 | </tbody> |
---|
| 3102 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 3103 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 3104 | |
---|
| 3105 | the shape is defined by the number of sides <literal>sides</literal> of |
---|
| 3106 | the polygon in the plane perpendicular to the z-axis. |
---|
| 3107 | </para> |
---|
| 3108 | |
---|
| 3109 | </sect3> |
---|
| 3110 | |
---|
| 3111 | |
---|
| 3112 | <!-- ******************* Section (Level#3) ****************** --> |
---|
| 3113 | <sect3 id="sect.Geom.Solids.Tessel"> |
---|
| 3114 | <title> |
---|
| 3115 | Tessellated Solids |
---|
| 3116 | </title> |
---|
| 3117 | |
---|
| 3118 | <para> |
---|
| 3119 | In Geant4 it is also implemented a class |
---|
| 3120 | <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal> which can be used to generate a generic |
---|
| 3121 | solid defined by a number of facets (<literal>G4VFacet</literal>). Such |
---|
| 3122 | constructs are especially important for conversion of complex |
---|
| 3123 | geometrical shapes imported from CAD systems bounded with generic |
---|
| 3124 | surfaces into an approximate description with facets of defined |
---|
| 3125 | dimension (see <xref linkend="fig.Geom.Solid_1" />). |
---|
| 3126 | |
---|
| 3127 | <figure id="fig.Geom.Solid_1"> |
---|
| 3128 | <title> |
---|
| 3129 | Example of geometries imported from CAD system and converted to |
---|
| 3130 | tessellated solids. |
---|
| 3131 | </title> |
---|
| 3132 | |
---|
| 3133 | <mediaobject> |
---|
| 3134 | <imageobject role="fo"> |
---|
| 3135 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/cad-tess-combined.jpg" |
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| 3136 | format="JPG" width="12.0cm" align="center" /> |
---|
| 3137 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 3138 | <imageobject role="html"> |
---|
| 3139 | <imagedata fileref="./AllResources/Detector/geometry.src/cad-tess-combined.jpg" |
---|
| 3140 | format="JPG" align="center" /> |
---|
| 3141 | </imageobject> |
---|
| 3142 | </mediaobject> |
---|
| 3143 | </figure> |
---|
| 3144 | </para> |
---|
| 3145 | |
---|
| 3146 | <para> |
---|
| 3147 | They can also be used to generate a solid bounded with a generic |
---|
| 3148 | surface made of planar facets. It is important that the supplied |
---|
| 3149 | facets shall form a fully enclose space to represent the solid. |
---|
| 3150 | </para> |
---|
| 3151 | |
---|
| 3152 | <para> |
---|
| 3153 | Two types of facet can be used for the construction of a |
---|
| 3154 | <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal>: a triangular facet |
---|
| 3155 | (<literal>G4TriangularFacet</literal>) and a quadrangular facet |
---|
| 3156 | (<literal>G4QuadrangularFacet</literal>). |
---|
| 3157 | </para> |
---|
| 3158 | |
---|
| 3159 | <para> |
---|
| 3160 | An example on how to generate a simple tessellated shape is |
---|
| 3161 | given below. |
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| 3162 | |
---|
| 3163 | <example id="programlist_Geom_1"> |
---|
| 3164 | <title> |
---|
| 3165 | An example of a simple tessellated solid with |
---|
| 3166 | <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal>. |
---|
| 3167 | </title> |
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| 3168 | |
---|
| 3169 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 3170 | // First declare a tessellated solid |
---|
| 3171 | // |
---|
| 3172 | G4TessellatedSolid solidTarget = new G4TessellatedSolid("Solid_name"); |
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| 3173 | |
---|
| 3174 | // Define the facets which form the solid |
---|
| 3175 | // |
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| 3176 | G4double targetSize = 10*cm ; |
---|
| 3177 | G4TriangularFacet *facet1 = new |
---|
| 3178 | G4TriangularFacet (G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3179 | G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3180 | G4ThreeVector( 0.0, 0.0,+targetSize), |
---|
| 3181 | ABSOLUTE); |
---|
| 3182 | G4TriangularFacet *facet2 = new |
---|
| 3183 | G4TriangularFacet (G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3184 | G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3185 | G4ThreeVector( 0.0, 0.0,+targetSize), |
---|
| 3186 | ABSOLUTE); |
---|
| 3187 | G4TriangularFacet *facet3 = new |
---|
| 3188 | G4TriangularFacet (G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3189 | G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3190 | G4ThreeVector( 0.0, 0.0,+targetSize), |
---|
| 3191 | ABSOLUTE); |
---|
| 3192 | G4TriangularFacet *facet4 = new |
---|
| 3193 | G4TriangularFacet (G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3194 | G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3195 | G4ThreeVector( 0.0, 0.0,+targetSize), |
---|
| 3196 | ABSOLUTE); |
---|
| 3197 | G4QuadrangularFacet *facet5 = new |
---|
| 3198 | G4QuadrangularFacet (G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3199 | G4ThreeVector(-targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3200 | G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,+targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3201 | G4ThreeVector(+targetSize,-targetSize, 0.0), |
---|
| 3202 | ABSOLUTE); |
---|
| 3203 | |
---|
| 3204 | // Now add the facets to the solid |
---|
| 3205 | // |
---|
| 3206 | solidTarget->AddFacet((G4VFacet*) facet1); |
---|
| 3207 | solidTarget->AddFacet((G4VFacet*) facet2); |
---|
| 3208 | solidTarget->AddFacet((G4VFacet*) facet3); |
---|
| 3209 | solidTarget->AddFacet((G4VFacet*) facet4); |
---|
| 3210 | solidTarget->AddFacet((G4VFacet*) facet5); |
---|
| 3211 | |
---|
| 3212 | Finally declare the solid is complete |
---|
| 3213 | // |
---|
| 3214 | solidTarget->SetSolidClosed(true); |
---|
| 3215 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 3216 | </example> |
---|
| 3217 | </para> |
---|
| 3218 | |
---|
| 3219 | <para> |
---|
| 3220 | The <literal>G4TriangularFacet</literal> class is used for the contruction |
---|
| 3221 | of <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal>. It is defined by three vertices, |
---|
| 3222 | which shall be supplied in <emphasis>anti-clockwise order</emphasis> looking from |
---|
| 3223 | the outside of the solid where it belongs. Its constructor looks |
---|
| 3224 | like: |
---|
| 3225 | |
---|
| 3226 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 3227 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 3228 | G4TriangularFacet ( const G4ThreeVector Pt0, |
---|
| 3229 | const G4ThreeVector vt1, |
---|
| 3230 | const G4ThreeVector vt2, |
---|
| 3231 | G4FacetVertexType fType ) |
---|
| 3232 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 3233 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 3234 | |
---|
| 3235 | i.e., it takes 4 parameters to define the three vertices: |
---|
| 3236 | |
---|
| 3237 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 3238 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 3239 | <tbody> |
---|
| 3240 | <row> |
---|
| 3241 | <entry> |
---|
| 3242 | <literal>G4FacetVertexType</literal> |
---|
| 3243 | </entry> |
---|
| 3244 | <entry> |
---|
| 3245 | <literal>ABSOLUTE</literal> in which case <literal>Pt0</literal>, |
---|
| 3246 | <literal>vt1</literal> and <literal>vt2</literal> |
---|
| 3247 | are the three vertices in anti-clockwise order looking from the outside. |
---|
| 3248 | </entry> |
---|
| 3249 | </row> |
---|
| 3250 | <row> |
---|
| 3251 | <entry> |
---|
| 3252 | <literal>G4FacetVertexType</literal> |
---|
| 3253 | </entry> |
---|
| 3254 | <entry> |
---|
| 3255 | <literal>RELATIVE</literal> in which case the first vertex is |
---|
| 3256 | <literal>Pt0</literal>, the second vertex is <literal>Pt0+vt1</literal> and |
---|
| 3257 | the third vertex is <literal>Pt0+vt2</literal>, all in anti-clockwise order |
---|
| 3258 | when looking from the outside. |
---|
| 3259 | </entry> |
---|
| 3260 | </row> |
---|
| 3261 | </tbody> |
---|
| 3262 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 3263 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 3264 | </para> |
---|
| 3265 | |
---|
| 3266 | <para> |
---|
| 3267 | The <literal>G4QuadrangularFacet</literal> class can be used for the |
---|
| 3268 | contruction of <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal> as well. It is defined |
---|
| 3269 | by four vertices, which shall be in the same plane and be supplied |
---|
| 3270 | in <emphasis>anti-clockwise order</emphasis> looking from the outside of the |
---|
| 3271 | solid where it belongs. Its constructor looks like: |
---|
| 3272 | |
---|
| 3273 | <informalexample> |
---|
| 3274 | <programlisting> |
---|
| 3275 | G4QuadrangularFacet ( const G4ThreeVector Pt0, |
---|
| 3276 | const G4ThreeVector vt1, |
---|
| 3277 | const G4ThreeVector vt2, |
---|
| 3278 | const G4ThreeVector vt3, |
---|
| 3279 | G4FacetVertexType fType ) |
---|
| 3280 | </programlisting> |
---|
| 3281 | </informalexample> |
---|
| 3282 | |
---|
| 3283 | i.e., it takes 5 parameters to define the four vertices: |
---|
| 3284 | |
---|
| 3285 | <informaltable pgwide="0"> |
---|
| 3286 | <tgroup cols="2"> |
---|
| 3287 | <tbody> |
---|
| 3288 | <row> |
---|
| 3289 | <entry> |
---|
| 3290 | <literal>G4FacetVertexType</literal> |
---|
| 3291 | </entry> |
---|
| 3292 | <entry> |
---|
| 3293 | <literal>ABSOLUTE</literal> in which case <literal>Pt0</literal>, |
---|
| 3294 | <literal>vt1</literal>, <literal>vt2</literal> and <literal>vt3</literal> |
---|
| 3295 | are the four vertices required in anti-clockwise order when looking |
---|
| 3296 | from the outside. |
---|
| 3297 | </entry> |
---|
| 3298 | </row> |
---|
| 3299 | <row> |
---|
| 3300 | <entry> |
---|
| 3301 | <literal>G4FacetVertexType</literal> |
---|
| 3302 | </entry> |
---|
| 3303 | <entry> |
---|
| 3304 | <literal>RELATIVE</literal> in which case the first vertex is |
---|
| 3305 | <literal>Pt0</literal>, the second vertex is <literal>Pt0+vt</literal>, |
---|
| 3306 | the third vertex is <literal>Pt0+vt2</literal> and the fourth vertex is |
---|
| 3307 | <literal>Pt0+vt3</literal>, in anti-clockwise order when looking from the |
---|
| 3308 | outside. |
---|
| 3309 | </entry> |
---|
| 3310 | </row> |
---|
| 3311 | </tbody> |
---|
| 3312 | </tgroup> |
---|
| 3313 | </informaltable> |
---|
| 3314 | </para> |
---|
| 3315 | |
---|
| 3316 | <!-- ******* Bridgehead ******* --> |
---|
| 3317 | <bridgehead renderas='sect4'> |
---|
| 3318 | Importing CAD models as tessellated shapes |
---|
| 3319 | </bridgehead> |
---|
| 3320 | |
---|
| 3321 | <para> |
---|
| 3322 | Tessellated solids can also be used to import geometrical models from CAD |
---|
| 3323 | systems (see <xref linkend="fig.Geom.Solid_1" />). In order to do this, it |
---|
| 3324 | is required to convert first the CAD shapes into tessellated surfaces. A |
---|
| 3325 | way to do this is to save the shapes in the geometrical model as STEP files |
---|
[1211] | 3326 | and convert them to tessellated (faceted surfaces) solids, using a tool which |
---|
| 3327 | allows such conversion. At the time of writing, at least two tools are |
---|
| 3328 | available for such purpose: |
---|
| 3329 | <ulink url="http://www.steptools.com/products/stviewer/">STViewer</ulink> |
---|
| 3330 | (part of the STEP-Tools development suite) or |
---|
| 3331 | <ulink url="http://www.trad.fr/en/">FASTRAD</ulink>. |
---|
| 3332 | This strategy allows to import any shape with some degree of approximation; |
---|
| 3333 | the converted CAD models can then be imported through |
---|
| 3334 | <ulink url="http://cern.ch/gdml/">GDML (Geometry Description |
---|
[904] | 3335 | Markup Language)</ulink> into Geant4 and be represented as |
---|
| 3336 | <literal>G4TessellatedSolid</literal> shapes. |
---|
| 3337 | </para> |
---|
| 3338 | |
---|
| 3339 | </sect3> |
---|
| 3340 | </sect2> |
---|