[1337] | 1 | """ |
---|
| 2 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 3 | # Python module |
---|
| 4 | # |
---|
| 5 | # This module defines physical units and constants used in HEP, |
---|
| 6 | # which are imported from CLHEP library. |
---|
| 7 | # |
---|
| 8 | # Q, 2005 |
---|
| 9 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 10 | """ |
---|
| 11 | #$Id: hepunit.py,v 1.1 2008/12/03 06:58:32 kmura Exp $ |
---|
| 12 | |
---|
| 13 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 14 | # imported from "SystemOfUnits.h" |
---|
| 15 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 16 | millimeter = 1. |
---|
| 17 | millimeter2 = millimeter*millimeter |
---|
| 18 | millimeter3 = millimeter*millimeter*millimeter |
---|
| 19 | |
---|
| 20 | centimeter = 10.*millimeter |
---|
| 21 | centimeter2 = centimeter*centimeter |
---|
| 22 | centimeter3 = centimeter*centimeter*centimeter |
---|
| 23 | |
---|
| 24 | meter = 1000.*millimeter |
---|
| 25 | meter2 = meter*meter |
---|
| 26 | meter3 = meter*meter*meter |
---|
| 27 | |
---|
| 28 | kilometer = 1000.*meter |
---|
| 29 | kilometer2 = kilometer*kilometer |
---|
| 30 | kilometer3 = kilometer*kilometer*kilometer |
---|
| 31 | |
---|
| 32 | parsec = 3.0856775807e+16*meter |
---|
| 33 | |
---|
| 34 | micrometer = 1.e-6 *meter |
---|
| 35 | nanometer = 1.e-9 *meter |
---|
| 36 | angstrom = 1.e-10*meter |
---|
| 37 | fermi = 1.e-15*meter |
---|
| 38 | |
---|
| 39 | barn = 1.e-28*meter2 |
---|
| 40 | millibarn = 1.e-3 *barn |
---|
| 41 | microbarn = 1.e-6 *barn |
---|
| 42 | nanobarn = 1.e-9 *barn |
---|
| 43 | picobarn = 1.e-12*barn |
---|
| 44 | |
---|
| 45 | # symbols |
---|
| 46 | mm = millimeter |
---|
| 47 | mm2 = millimeter2 |
---|
| 48 | mm3 = millimeter3 |
---|
| 49 | |
---|
| 50 | cm = centimeter |
---|
| 51 | cm2 = centimeter2 |
---|
| 52 | cm3 = centimeter3 |
---|
| 53 | |
---|
| 54 | m = meter |
---|
| 55 | m2 = meter2 |
---|
| 56 | m3 = meter3 |
---|
| 57 | |
---|
| 58 | km = kilometer |
---|
| 59 | km2 = kilometer2 |
---|
| 60 | km3 = kilometer3 |
---|
| 61 | |
---|
| 62 | pc = parsec |
---|
| 63 | |
---|
| 64 | # |
---|
| 65 | # Angle |
---|
| 66 | # |
---|
| 67 | radian = 1. |
---|
| 68 | milliradian = 1.e-3*radian |
---|
| 69 | degree = (3.14159265358979323846/180.0)*radian |
---|
| 70 | |
---|
| 71 | steradian = 1. |
---|
| 72 | |
---|
| 73 | # symbols |
---|
| 74 | rad = radian |
---|
| 75 | mrad = milliradian |
---|
| 76 | sr = steradian |
---|
| 77 | deg = degree |
---|
| 78 | |
---|
| 79 | # |
---|
| 80 | # Time [T] |
---|
| 81 | # |
---|
| 82 | nanosecond = 1. |
---|
| 83 | second = 1.e+9 *nanosecond |
---|
| 84 | millisecond = 1.e-3 *second |
---|
| 85 | microsecond = 1.e-6 *second |
---|
| 86 | picosecond = 1.e-12*second |
---|
| 87 | |
---|
| 88 | hertz = 1./second |
---|
| 89 | kilohertz = 1.e+3*hertz |
---|
| 90 | megahertz = 1.e+6*hertz |
---|
| 91 | |
---|
| 92 | # symbols |
---|
| 93 | ns = nanosecond |
---|
| 94 | s = second |
---|
| 95 | ms = millisecond |
---|
| 96 | |
---|
| 97 | # |
---|
| 98 | # Electric charge [Q] |
---|
| 99 | # |
---|
| 100 | eplus = 1. # positron charge |
---|
| 101 | e_SI = 1.60217733e-19 # positron charge in coulomb |
---|
| 102 | coulomb = eplus/e_SI # coulomb = 6.24150 e+18 * eplus |
---|
| 103 | |
---|
| 104 | # |
---|
| 105 | # Energy [E] |
---|
| 106 | # |
---|
| 107 | megaelectronvolt = 1. |
---|
| 108 | electronvolt = 1.e-6*megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 109 | kiloelectronvolt = 1.e-3*megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 110 | gigaelectronvolt = 1.e+3*megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 111 | teraelectronvolt = 1.e+6*megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 112 | petaelectronvolt = 1.e+9*megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 113 | |
---|
| 114 | joule = electronvolt/e_SI # joule = 6.24150 e+12 * MeV |
---|
| 115 | |
---|
| 116 | # symbols |
---|
| 117 | MeV = megaelectronvolt |
---|
| 118 | eV = electronvolt |
---|
| 119 | keV = kiloelectronvolt |
---|
| 120 | GeV = gigaelectronvolt |
---|
| 121 | TeV = teraelectronvolt |
---|
| 122 | PeV = petaelectronvolt |
---|
| 123 | |
---|
| 124 | # |
---|
| 125 | # Mass [E][T^2][L^-2] |
---|
| 126 | # |
---|
| 127 | kilogram = joule*second*second/(meter*meter) |
---|
| 128 | gram = 1.e-3*kilogram |
---|
| 129 | milligram = 1.e-3*gram |
---|
| 130 | |
---|
| 131 | # symbols |
---|
| 132 | kg = kilogram |
---|
| 133 | g = gram |
---|
| 134 | mg = milligram |
---|
| 135 | |
---|
| 136 | # |
---|
| 137 | # Power [E][T^-1] |
---|
| 138 | # |
---|
| 139 | watt = joule/second # watt = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/ns |
---|
| 140 | |
---|
| 141 | # |
---|
| 142 | # Force [E][L^-1] |
---|
| 143 | # |
---|
| 144 | newton = joule/meter # newton = 6.24150 e+9 * MeV/mm |
---|
| 145 | |
---|
| 146 | # |
---|
| 147 | # Pressure [E][L^-3] |
---|
| 148 | # |
---|
| 149 | pascal = newton/m2 # pascal = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/mm3 |
---|
| 150 | bar = 100000*pascal # bar = 6.24150 e+8 * MeV/mm3 |
---|
| 151 | atmosphere = 101325*pascal # atm = 6.32420 e+8 * MeV/mm3 |
---|
| 152 | |
---|
| 153 | # |
---|
| 154 | # Electric current [Q][T^-1] |
---|
| 155 | # |
---|
| 156 | ampere = coulomb/second # ampere = 6.24150 e+9 * eplus/ns |
---|
| 157 | milliampere = 1.e-3*ampere |
---|
| 158 | microampere = 1.e-6*ampere |
---|
| 159 | nanoampere = 1.e-9*ampere |
---|
| 160 | |
---|
| 161 | # |
---|
| 162 | # Electric potential [E][Q^-1] |
---|
| 163 | # |
---|
| 164 | megavolt = megaelectronvolt/eplus |
---|
| 165 | kilovolt = 1.e-3*megavolt |
---|
| 166 | volt = 1.e-6*megavolt |
---|
| 167 | |
---|
| 168 | # |
---|
| 169 | # Electric resistance [E][T][Q^-2] |
---|
| 170 | # |
---|
| 171 | ohm = volt/ampere # ohm = 1.60217e-16*(MeV/eplus)/(eplus/ns) |
---|
| 172 | |
---|
| 173 | # |
---|
| 174 | # Electric capacitance [Q^2][E^-1] |
---|
| 175 | # |
---|
| 176 | farad = coulomb/volt # farad = 6.24150e+24 * eplus/Megavolt |
---|
| 177 | millifarad = 1.e-3*farad |
---|
| 178 | microfarad = 1.e-6*farad |
---|
| 179 | nanofarad = 1.e-9*farad |
---|
| 180 | picofarad = 1.e-12*farad |
---|
| 181 | |
---|
| 182 | # |
---|
| 183 | # Magnetic Flux [T][E][Q^-1] |
---|
| 184 | # |
---|
| 185 | weber = volt*second # weber = 1000*megavolt*ns |
---|
| 186 | |
---|
| 187 | # |
---|
| 188 | # Magnetic Field [T][E][Q^-1][L^-2] |
---|
| 189 | # |
---|
| 190 | tesla = volt*second/meter2 # tesla =0.001*megavolt*ns/mm2 |
---|
| 191 | |
---|
| 192 | gauss = 1.e-4*tesla |
---|
| 193 | kilogauss = 1.e-1*tesla |
---|
| 194 | |
---|
| 195 | # |
---|
| 196 | # Inductance [T^2][E][Q^-2] |
---|
| 197 | # |
---|
| 198 | henry = weber/ampere # henry = 1.60217e-7*MeV*(ns/eplus)**2 |
---|
| 199 | |
---|
| 200 | # |
---|
| 201 | # Temperature |
---|
| 202 | # |
---|
| 203 | kelvin = 1. |
---|
| 204 | |
---|
| 205 | # |
---|
| 206 | # Amount of substance |
---|
| 207 | # |
---|
| 208 | mole = 1. |
---|
| 209 | |
---|
| 210 | # |
---|
| 211 | # Activity [T^-1] |
---|
| 212 | # |
---|
| 213 | becquerel = 1./second |
---|
| 214 | curie = 3.7e+10 * becquerel |
---|
| 215 | |
---|
| 216 | # |
---|
| 217 | # Absorbed dose [L^2][T^-2] |
---|
| 218 | # |
---|
| 219 | gray = joule/kilogram |
---|
| 220 | |
---|
| 221 | # |
---|
| 222 | # Luminous intensity [I] |
---|
| 223 | # |
---|
| 224 | candela = 1. |
---|
| 225 | |
---|
| 226 | # |
---|
| 227 | # Luminous flux [I] |
---|
| 228 | # |
---|
| 229 | lumen = candela*steradian |
---|
| 230 | |
---|
| 231 | # |
---|
| 232 | # Illuminance [I][L^-2] |
---|
| 233 | # |
---|
| 234 | lux = lumen/meter2 |
---|
| 235 | |
---|
| 236 | # |
---|
| 237 | # Miscellaneous |
---|
| 238 | # |
---|
| 239 | perCent = 0.01 |
---|
| 240 | perThousand = 0.001 |
---|
| 241 | perMillion = 0.000001 |
---|
| 242 | |
---|
| 243 | |
---|
| 244 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 245 | # imported from "PhysicalConstants.h" |
---|
| 246 | # ================================================================== |
---|
| 247 | pi = 3.14159265358979323846 |
---|
| 248 | twopi = 2.*pi |
---|
| 249 | halfpi = pi/2. |
---|
| 250 | pi2 = pi*pi |
---|
| 251 | |
---|
| 252 | # |
---|
| 253 | Avogadro = 6.0221367e+23/mole |
---|
| 254 | |
---|
| 255 | # c = 299.792458 mm/ns |
---|
| 256 | # c^2 = 898.7404 (mm/ns)^2 |
---|
| 257 | c_light = 2.99792458e+8 * m/s |
---|
| 258 | c_squared = c_light * c_light |
---|
| 259 | |
---|
| 260 | # h = 4.13566e-12 MeV*ns |
---|
| 261 | # hbar = 6.58212e-13 MeV*ns |
---|
| 262 | # hbarc = 197.32705e-12 MeV*mm |
---|
| 263 | h_Planck = 6.6260755e-34 * joule*s |
---|
| 264 | hbar_Planck = h_Planck/twopi |
---|
| 265 | hbarc = hbar_Planck * c_light |
---|
| 266 | hbarc_squared = hbarc * hbarc |
---|
| 267 | |
---|
| 268 | # |
---|
| 269 | electron_charge = - eplus # see SystemOfUnits.h |
---|
| 270 | e_squared = eplus * eplus |
---|
| 271 | |
---|
| 272 | # amu_c2 - atomic equivalent mass unit |
---|
| 273 | # amu - atomic mass unit |
---|
| 274 | electron_mass_c2 = 0.51099906 * MeV |
---|
| 275 | proton_mass_c2 = 938.27231 * MeV |
---|
| 276 | neutron_mass_c2 = 939.56563 * MeV |
---|
| 277 | amu_c2 = 931.49432 * MeV |
---|
| 278 | amu = amu_c2/c_squared |
---|
| 279 | |
---|
| 280 | # permeability of free space mu0 = 2.01334e-16 Mev*(ns*eplus)^2/mm |
---|
| 281 | # permittivity of free space epsil0 = 5.52636e+10 eplus^2/(MeV*mm) |
---|
| 282 | mu0 = 4*pi*1.e-7 * henry/m |
---|
| 283 | epsilon0 = 1./(c_squared*mu0) |
---|
| 284 | |
---|
| 285 | # electromagnetic coupling = 1.43996e-12 MeV*mm/(eplus^2) |
---|
| 286 | elm_coupling = e_squared/(4*pi*epsilon0) |
---|
| 287 | fine_structure_const = elm_coupling/hbarc |
---|
| 288 | classic_electr_radius = elm_coupling/electron_mass_c2 |
---|
| 289 | electron_Compton_length = hbarc/electron_mass_c2 |
---|
| 290 | Bohr_radius = electron_Compton_length/fine_structure_const |
---|
| 291 | |
---|
| 292 | alpha_rcl2 = fine_structure_const * classic_electr_radius \ |
---|
| 293 | * classic_electr_radius |
---|
| 294 | twopi_mc2_rcl2 = twopi * electron_mass_c2 \ |
---|
| 295 | * classic_electr_radius \ |
---|
| 296 | * classic_electr_radius |
---|
| 297 | |
---|
| 298 | # |
---|
| 299 | k_Boltzmann = 8.617385e-11 * MeV/kelvin |
---|
| 300 | |
---|
| 301 | # |
---|
| 302 | STP_Temperature = 273.15*kelvin |
---|
| 303 | STP_Pressure = 1.*atmosphere |
---|
| 304 | kGasThreshold = 10.*mg/cm3 |
---|
| 305 | |
---|
| 306 | # |
---|
| 307 | universe_mean_density = 1.e-25*g/cm3 |
---|
| 308 | |
---|