1 | """ |
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2 | # ================================================================== |
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3 | # Python module |
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4 | # |
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5 | # This module defines physical units and constants used in HEP, |
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6 | # which are imported from CLHEP library. |
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7 | # |
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8 | # Q, 2005 |
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9 | # ================================================================== |
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10 | """ |
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11 | #$Id: hepunit.py,v 1.1 2008/12/03 06:58:32 kmura Exp $ |
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12 | |
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13 | # ================================================================== |
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14 | # imported from "SystemOfUnits.h" |
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15 | # ================================================================== |
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16 | millimeter = 1. |
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17 | millimeter2 = millimeter*millimeter |
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18 | millimeter3 = millimeter*millimeter*millimeter |
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19 | |
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20 | centimeter = 10.*millimeter |
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21 | centimeter2 = centimeter*centimeter |
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22 | centimeter3 = centimeter*centimeter*centimeter |
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23 | |
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24 | meter = 1000.*millimeter |
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25 | meter2 = meter*meter |
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26 | meter3 = meter*meter*meter |
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27 | |
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28 | kilometer = 1000.*meter |
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29 | kilometer2 = kilometer*kilometer |
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30 | kilometer3 = kilometer*kilometer*kilometer |
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31 | |
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32 | parsec = 3.0856775807e+16*meter |
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33 | |
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34 | micrometer = 1.e-6 *meter |
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35 | nanometer = 1.e-9 *meter |
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36 | angstrom = 1.e-10*meter |
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37 | fermi = 1.e-15*meter |
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38 | |
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39 | barn = 1.e-28*meter2 |
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40 | millibarn = 1.e-3 *barn |
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41 | microbarn = 1.e-6 *barn |
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42 | nanobarn = 1.e-9 *barn |
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43 | picobarn = 1.e-12*barn |
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44 | |
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45 | # symbols |
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46 | mm = millimeter |
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47 | mm2 = millimeter2 |
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48 | mm3 = millimeter3 |
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49 | |
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50 | cm = centimeter |
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51 | cm2 = centimeter2 |
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52 | cm3 = centimeter3 |
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53 | |
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54 | m = meter |
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55 | m2 = meter2 |
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56 | m3 = meter3 |
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57 | |
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58 | km = kilometer |
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59 | km2 = kilometer2 |
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60 | km3 = kilometer3 |
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61 | |
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62 | pc = parsec |
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63 | |
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64 | # |
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65 | # Angle |
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66 | # |
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67 | radian = 1. |
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68 | milliradian = 1.e-3*radian |
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69 | degree = (3.14159265358979323846/180.0)*radian |
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70 | |
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71 | steradian = 1. |
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72 | |
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73 | # symbols |
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74 | rad = radian |
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75 | mrad = milliradian |
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76 | sr = steradian |
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77 | deg = degree |
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78 | |
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79 | # |
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80 | # Time [T] |
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81 | # |
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82 | nanosecond = 1. |
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83 | second = 1.e+9 *nanosecond |
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84 | millisecond = 1.e-3 *second |
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85 | microsecond = 1.e-6 *second |
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86 | picosecond = 1.e-12*second |
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87 | |
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88 | hertz = 1./second |
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89 | kilohertz = 1.e+3*hertz |
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90 | megahertz = 1.e+6*hertz |
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91 | |
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92 | # symbols |
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93 | ns = nanosecond |
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94 | s = second |
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95 | ms = millisecond |
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96 | |
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97 | # |
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98 | # Electric charge [Q] |
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99 | # |
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100 | eplus = 1. # positron charge |
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101 | e_SI = 1.60217733e-19 # positron charge in coulomb |
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102 | coulomb = eplus/e_SI # coulomb = 6.24150 e+18 * eplus |
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103 | |
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104 | # |
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105 | # Energy [E] |
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106 | # |
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107 | megaelectronvolt = 1. |
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108 | electronvolt = 1.e-6*megaelectronvolt |
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109 | kiloelectronvolt = 1.e-3*megaelectronvolt |
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110 | gigaelectronvolt = 1.e+3*megaelectronvolt |
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111 | teraelectronvolt = 1.e+6*megaelectronvolt |
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112 | petaelectronvolt = 1.e+9*megaelectronvolt |
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113 | |
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114 | joule = electronvolt/e_SI # joule = 6.24150 e+12 * MeV |
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115 | |
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116 | # symbols |
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117 | MeV = megaelectronvolt |
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118 | eV = electronvolt |
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119 | keV = kiloelectronvolt |
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120 | GeV = gigaelectronvolt |
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121 | TeV = teraelectronvolt |
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122 | PeV = petaelectronvolt |
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123 | |
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124 | # |
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125 | # Mass [E][T^2][L^-2] |
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126 | # |
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127 | kilogram = joule*second*second/(meter*meter) |
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128 | gram = 1.e-3*kilogram |
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129 | milligram = 1.e-3*gram |
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130 | |
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131 | # symbols |
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132 | kg = kilogram |
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133 | g = gram |
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134 | mg = milligram |
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135 | |
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136 | # |
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137 | # Power [E][T^-1] |
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138 | # |
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139 | watt = joule/second # watt = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/ns |
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140 | |
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141 | # |
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142 | # Force [E][L^-1] |
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143 | # |
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144 | newton = joule/meter # newton = 6.24150 e+9 * MeV/mm |
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145 | |
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146 | # |
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147 | # Pressure [E][L^-3] |
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148 | # |
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149 | pascal = newton/m2 # pascal = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/mm3 |
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150 | bar = 100000*pascal # bar = 6.24150 e+8 * MeV/mm3 |
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151 | atmosphere = 101325*pascal # atm = 6.32420 e+8 * MeV/mm3 |
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152 | |
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153 | # |
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154 | # Electric current [Q][T^-1] |
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155 | # |
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156 | ampere = coulomb/second # ampere = 6.24150 e+9 * eplus/ns |
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157 | milliampere = 1.e-3*ampere |
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158 | microampere = 1.e-6*ampere |
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159 | nanoampere = 1.e-9*ampere |
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160 | |
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161 | # |
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162 | # Electric potential [E][Q^-1] |
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163 | # |
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164 | megavolt = megaelectronvolt/eplus |
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165 | kilovolt = 1.e-3*megavolt |
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166 | volt = 1.e-6*megavolt |
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167 | |
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168 | # |
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169 | # Electric resistance [E][T][Q^-2] |
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170 | # |
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171 | ohm = volt/ampere # ohm = 1.60217e-16*(MeV/eplus)/(eplus/ns) |
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172 | |
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173 | # |
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174 | # Electric capacitance [Q^2][E^-1] |
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175 | # |
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176 | farad = coulomb/volt # farad = 6.24150e+24 * eplus/Megavolt |
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177 | millifarad = 1.e-3*farad |
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178 | microfarad = 1.e-6*farad |
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179 | nanofarad = 1.e-9*farad |
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180 | picofarad = 1.e-12*farad |
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181 | |
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182 | # |
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183 | # Magnetic Flux [T][E][Q^-1] |
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184 | # |
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185 | weber = volt*second # weber = 1000*megavolt*ns |
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186 | |
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187 | # |
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188 | # Magnetic Field [T][E][Q^-1][L^-2] |
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189 | # |
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190 | tesla = volt*second/meter2 # tesla =0.001*megavolt*ns/mm2 |
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191 | |
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192 | gauss = 1.e-4*tesla |
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193 | kilogauss = 1.e-1*tesla |
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194 | |
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195 | # |
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196 | # Inductance [T^2][E][Q^-2] |
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197 | # |
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198 | henry = weber/ampere # henry = 1.60217e-7*MeV*(ns/eplus)**2 |
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199 | |
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200 | # |
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201 | # Temperature |
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202 | # |
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203 | kelvin = 1. |
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204 | |
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205 | # |
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206 | # Amount of substance |
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207 | # |
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208 | mole = 1. |
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209 | |
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210 | # |
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211 | # Activity [T^-1] |
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212 | # |
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213 | becquerel = 1./second |
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214 | curie = 3.7e+10 * becquerel |
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215 | |
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216 | # |
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217 | # Absorbed dose [L^2][T^-2] |
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218 | # |
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219 | gray = joule/kilogram |
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220 | |
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221 | # |
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222 | # Luminous intensity [I] |
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223 | # |
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224 | candela = 1. |
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225 | |
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226 | # |
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227 | # Luminous flux [I] |
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228 | # |
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229 | lumen = candela*steradian |
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230 | |
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231 | # |
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232 | # Illuminance [I][L^-2] |
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233 | # |
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234 | lux = lumen/meter2 |
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235 | |
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236 | # |
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237 | # Miscellaneous |
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238 | # |
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239 | perCent = 0.01 |
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240 | perThousand = 0.001 |
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241 | perMillion = 0.000001 |
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242 | |
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243 | |
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244 | # ================================================================== |
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245 | # imported from "PhysicalConstants.h" |
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246 | # ================================================================== |
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247 | pi = 3.14159265358979323846 |
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248 | twopi = 2.*pi |
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249 | halfpi = pi/2. |
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250 | pi2 = pi*pi |
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251 | |
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252 | # |
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253 | Avogadro = 6.0221367e+23/mole |
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254 | |
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255 | # c = 299.792458 mm/ns |
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256 | # c^2 = 898.7404 (mm/ns)^2 |
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257 | c_light = 2.99792458e+8 * m/s |
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258 | c_squared = c_light * c_light |
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259 | |
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260 | # h = 4.13566e-12 MeV*ns |
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261 | # hbar = 6.58212e-13 MeV*ns |
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262 | # hbarc = 197.32705e-12 MeV*mm |
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263 | h_Planck = 6.6260755e-34 * joule*s |
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264 | hbar_Planck = h_Planck/twopi |
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265 | hbarc = hbar_Planck * c_light |
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266 | hbarc_squared = hbarc * hbarc |
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267 | |
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268 | # |
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269 | electron_charge = - eplus # see SystemOfUnits.h |
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270 | e_squared = eplus * eplus |
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271 | |
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272 | # amu_c2 - atomic equivalent mass unit |
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273 | # amu - atomic mass unit |
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274 | electron_mass_c2 = 0.51099906 * MeV |
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275 | proton_mass_c2 = 938.27231 * MeV |
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276 | neutron_mass_c2 = 939.56563 * MeV |
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277 | amu_c2 = 931.49432 * MeV |
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278 | amu = amu_c2/c_squared |
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279 | |
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280 | # permeability of free space mu0 = 2.01334e-16 Mev*(ns*eplus)^2/mm |
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281 | # permittivity of free space epsil0 = 5.52636e+10 eplus^2/(MeV*mm) |
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282 | mu0 = 4*pi*1.e-7 * henry/m |
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283 | epsilon0 = 1./(c_squared*mu0) |
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284 | |
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285 | # electromagnetic coupling = 1.43996e-12 MeV*mm/(eplus^2) |
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286 | elm_coupling = e_squared/(4*pi*epsilon0) |
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287 | fine_structure_const = elm_coupling/hbarc |
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288 | classic_electr_radius = elm_coupling/electron_mass_c2 |
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289 | electron_Compton_length = hbarc/electron_mass_c2 |
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290 | Bohr_radius = electron_Compton_length/fine_structure_const |
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291 | |
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292 | alpha_rcl2 = fine_structure_const * classic_electr_radius \ |
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293 | * classic_electr_radius |
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294 | twopi_mc2_rcl2 = twopi * electron_mass_c2 \ |
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295 | * classic_electr_radius \ |
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296 | * classic_electr_radius |
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297 | |
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298 | # |
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299 | k_Boltzmann = 8.617385e-11 * MeV/kelvin |
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300 | |
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301 | # |
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302 | STP_Temperature = 273.15*kelvin |
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303 | STP_Pressure = 1.*atmosphere |
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304 | kGasThreshold = 10.*mg/cm3 |
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305 | |
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306 | # |
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307 | universe_mean_density = 1.e-25*g/cm3 |
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308 | |
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