""" # ================================================================== # Python module # # This module defines physical units and constants used in HEP, # which are imported from CLHEP library. # # Q, 2005 # ================================================================== """ #$Id: hepunit.py,v 1.1 2008/12/03 06:58:32 kmura Exp $ # ================================================================== # imported from "SystemOfUnits.h" # ================================================================== millimeter = 1. millimeter2 = millimeter*millimeter millimeter3 = millimeter*millimeter*millimeter centimeter = 10.*millimeter centimeter2 = centimeter*centimeter centimeter3 = centimeter*centimeter*centimeter meter = 1000.*millimeter meter2 = meter*meter meter3 = meter*meter*meter kilometer = 1000.*meter kilometer2 = kilometer*kilometer kilometer3 = kilometer*kilometer*kilometer parsec = 3.0856775807e+16*meter micrometer = 1.e-6 *meter nanometer = 1.e-9 *meter angstrom = 1.e-10*meter fermi = 1.e-15*meter barn = 1.e-28*meter2 millibarn = 1.e-3 *barn microbarn = 1.e-6 *barn nanobarn = 1.e-9 *barn picobarn = 1.e-12*barn # symbols mm = millimeter mm2 = millimeter2 mm3 = millimeter3 cm = centimeter cm2 = centimeter2 cm3 = centimeter3 m = meter m2 = meter2 m3 = meter3 km = kilometer km2 = kilometer2 km3 = kilometer3 pc = parsec # # Angle # radian = 1. milliradian = 1.e-3*radian degree = (3.14159265358979323846/180.0)*radian steradian = 1. # symbols rad = radian mrad = milliradian sr = steradian deg = degree # # Time [T] # nanosecond = 1. second = 1.e+9 *nanosecond millisecond = 1.e-3 *second microsecond = 1.e-6 *second picosecond = 1.e-12*second hertz = 1./second kilohertz = 1.e+3*hertz megahertz = 1.e+6*hertz # symbols ns = nanosecond s = second ms = millisecond # # Electric charge [Q] # eplus = 1. # positron charge e_SI = 1.60217733e-19 # positron charge in coulomb coulomb = eplus/e_SI # coulomb = 6.24150 e+18 * eplus # # Energy [E] # megaelectronvolt = 1. electronvolt = 1.e-6*megaelectronvolt kiloelectronvolt = 1.e-3*megaelectronvolt gigaelectronvolt = 1.e+3*megaelectronvolt teraelectronvolt = 1.e+6*megaelectronvolt petaelectronvolt = 1.e+9*megaelectronvolt joule = electronvolt/e_SI # joule = 6.24150 e+12 * MeV # symbols MeV = megaelectronvolt eV = electronvolt keV = kiloelectronvolt GeV = gigaelectronvolt TeV = teraelectronvolt PeV = petaelectronvolt # # Mass [E][T^2][L^-2] # kilogram = joule*second*second/(meter*meter) gram = 1.e-3*kilogram milligram = 1.e-3*gram # symbols kg = kilogram g = gram mg = milligram # # Power [E][T^-1] # watt = joule/second # watt = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/ns # # Force [E][L^-1] # newton = joule/meter # newton = 6.24150 e+9 * MeV/mm # # Pressure [E][L^-3] # pascal = newton/m2 # pascal = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/mm3 bar = 100000*pascal # bar = 6.24150 e+8 * MeV/mm3 atmosphere = 101325*pascal # atm = 6.32420 e+8 * MeV/mm3 # # Electric current [Q][T^-1] # ampere = coulomb/second # ampere = 6.24150 e+9 * eplus/ns milliampere = 1.e-3*ampere microampere = 1.e-6*ampere nanoampere = 1.e-9*ampere # # Electric potential [E][Q^-1] # megavolt = megaelectronvolt/eplus kilovolt = 1.e-3*megavolt volt = 1.e-6*megavolt # # Electric resistance [E][T][Q^-2] # ohm = volt/ampere # ohm = 1.60217e-16*(MeV/eplus)/(eplus/ns) # # Electric capacitance [Q^2][E^-1] # farad = coulomb/volt # farad = 6.24150e+24 * eplus/Megavolt millifarad = 1.e-3*farad microfarad = 1.e-6*farad nanofarad = 1.e-9*farad picofarad = 1.e-12*farad # # Magnetic Flux [T][E][Q^-1] # weber = volt*second # weber = 1000*megavolt*ns # # Magnetic Field [T][E][Q^-1][L^-2] # tesla = volt*second/meter2 # tesla =0.001*megavolt*ns/mm2 gauss = 1.e-4*tesla kilogauss = 1.e-1*tesla # # Inductance [T^2][E][Q^-2] # henry = weber/ampere # henry = 1.60217e-7*MeV*(ns/eplus)**2 # # Temperature # kelvin = 1. # # Amount of substance # mole = 1. # # Activity [T^-1] # becquerel = 1./second curie = 3.7e+10 * becquerel # # Absorbed dose [L^2][T^-2] # gray = joule/kilogram # # Luminous intensity [I] # candela = 1. # # Luminous flux [I] # lumen = candela*steradian # # Illuminance [I][L^-2] # lux = lumen/meter2 # # Miscellaneous # perCent = 0.01 perThousand = 0.001 perMillion = 0.000001 # ================================================================== # imported from "PhysicalConstants.h" # ================================================================== pi = 3.14159265358979323846 twopi = 2.*pi halfpi = pi/2. pi2 = pi*pi # Avogadro = 6.0221367e+23/mole # c = 299.792458 mm/ns # c^2 = 898.7404 (mm/ns)^2 c_light = 2.99792458e+8 * m/s c_squared = c_light * c_light # h = 4.13566e-12 MeV*ns # hbar = 6.58212e-13 MeV*ns # hbarc = 197.32705e-12 MeV*mm h_Planck = 6.6260755e-34 * joule*s hbar_Planck = h_Planck/twopi hbarc = hbar_Planck * c_light hbarc_squared = hbarc * hbarc # electron_charge = - eplus # see SystemOfUnits.h e_squared = eplus * eplus # amu_c2 - atomic equivalent mass unit # amu - atomic mass unit electron_mass_c2 = 0.51099906 * MeV proton_mass_c2 = 938.27231 * MeV neutron_mass_c2 = 939.56563 * MeV amu_c2 = 931.49432 * MeV amu = amu_c2/c_squared # permeability of free space mu0 = 2.01334e-16 Mev*(ns*eplus)^2/mm # permittivity of free space epsil0 = 5.52636e+10 eplus^2/(MeV*mm) mu0 = 4*pi*1.e-7 * henry/m epsilon0 = 1./(c_squared*mu0) # electromagnetic coupling = 1.43996e-12 MeV*mm/(eplus^2) elm_coupling = e_squared/(4*pi*epsilon0) fine_structure_const = elm_coupling/hbarc classic_electr_radius = elm_coupling/electron_mass_c2 electron_Compton_length = hbarc/electron_mass_c2 Bohr_radius = electron_Compton_length/fine_structure_const alpha_rcl2 = fine_structure_const * classic_electr_radius \ * classic_electr_radius twopi_mc2_rcl2 = twopi * electron_mass_c2 \ * classic_electr_radius \ * classic_electr_radius # k_Boltzmann = 8.617385e-11 * MeV/kelvin # STP_Temperature = 273.15*kelvin STP_Pressure = 1.*atmosphere kGasThreshold = 10.*mg/cm3 # universe_mean_density = 1.e-25*g/cm3