| 1 | """
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| 2 | # ==================================================================
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| 3 | # Python module
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| 4 | #
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| 5 | # This module defines physical units and constants used in HEP,
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| 6 | # which are imported from CLHEP library.
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| 7 | #
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| 8 | # Q, 2005
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| 9 | # ==================================================================
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| 10 | """
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| 11 | #$Id: hepunit.py,v 1.1 2008/12/03 06:58:32 kmura Exp $
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| 12 |
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| 13 | # ==================================================================
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| 14 | # imported from "SystemOfUnits.h"
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| 15 | # ==================================================================
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| 16 | millimeter = 1.
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| 17 | millimeter2 = millimeter*millimeter
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| 18 | millimeter3 = millimeter*millimeter*millimeter
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| 19 |
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| 20 | centimeter = 10.*millimeter
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| 21 | centimeter2 = centimeter*centimeter
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| 22 | centimeter3 = centimeter*centimeter*centimeter
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| 23 |
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| 24 | meter = 1000.*millimeter
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| 25 | meter2 = meter*meter
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| 26 | meter3 = meter*meter*meter
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| 27 |
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| 28 | kilometer = 1000.*meter
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| 29 | kilometer2 = kilometer*kilometer
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| 30 | kilometer3 = kilometer*kilometer*kilometer
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| 31 |
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| 32 | parsec = 3.0856775807e+16*meter
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| 33 |
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| 34 | micrometer = 1.e-6 *meter
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| 35 | nanometer = 1.e-9 *meter
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| 36 | angstrom = 1.e-10*meter
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| 37 | fermi = 1.e-15*meter
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| 38 |
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| 39 | barn = 1.e-28*meter2
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| 40 | millibarn = 1.e-3 *barn
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| 41 | microbarn = 1.e-6 *barn
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| 42 | nanobarn = 1.e-9 *barn
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| 43 | picobarn = 1.e-12*barn
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| 44 |
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| 45 | # symbols
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| 46 | mm = millimeter
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| 47 | mm2 = millimeter2
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| 48 | mm3 = millimeter3
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| 49 |
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| 50 | cm = centimeter
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| 51 | cm2 = centimeter2
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| 52 | cm3 = centimeter3
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| 53 |
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| 54 | m = meter
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| 55 | m2 = meter2
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| 56 | m3 = meter3
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| 57 |
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| 58 | km = kilometer
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| 59 | km2 = kilometer2
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| 60 | km3 = kilometer3
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| 61 |
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| 62 | pc = parsec
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| 63 |
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| 64 | #
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| 65 | # Angle
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| 66 | #
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| 67 | radian = 1.
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| 68 | milliradian = 1.e-3*radian
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| 69 | degree = (3.14159265358979323846/180.0)*radian
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| 70 |
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| 71 | steradian = 1.
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| 72 |
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| 73 | # symbols
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| 74 | rad = radian
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| 75 | mrad = milliradian
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| 76 | sr = steradian
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| 77 | deg = degree
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| 78 |
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| 79 | #
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| 80 | # Time [T]
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| 81 | #
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| 82 | nanosecond = 1.
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| 83 | second = 1.e+9 *nanosecond
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| 84 | millisecond = 1.e-3 *second
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| 85 | microsecond = 1.e-6 *second
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| 86 | picosecond = 1.e-12*second
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| 87 |
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| 88 | hertz = 1./second
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| 89 | kilohertz = 1.e+3*hertz
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| 90 | megahertz = 1.e+6*hertz
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| 91 |
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| 92 | # symbols
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| 93 | ns = nanosecond
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| 94 | s = second
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| 95 | ms = millisecond
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| 96 |
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| 97 | #
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| 98 | # Electric charge [Q]
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| 99 | #
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| 100 | eplus = 1. # positron charge
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| 101 | e_SI = 1.60217733e-19 # positron charge in coulomb
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| 102 | coulomb = eplus/e_SI # coulomb = 6.24150 e+18 * eplus
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| 103 |
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| 104 | #
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| 105 | # Energy [E]
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| 106 | #
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| 107 | megaelectronvolt = 1.
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| 108 | electronvolt = 1.e-6*megaelectronvolt
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| 109 | kiloelectronvolt = 1.e-3*megaelectronvolt
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| 110 | gigaelectronvolt = 1.e+3*megaelectronvolt
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| 111 | teraelectronvolt = 1.e+6*megaelectronvolt
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| 112 | petaelectronvolt = 1.e+9*megaelectronvolt
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| 113 |
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| 114 | joule = electronvolt/e_SI # joule = 6.24150 e+12 * MeV
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| 115 |
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| 116 | # symbols
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| 117 | MeV = megaelectronvolt
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| 118 | eV = electronvolt
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| 119 | keV = kiloelectronvolt
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| 120 | GeV = gigaelectronvolt
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| 121 | TeV = teraelectronvolt
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| 122 | PeV = petaelectronvolt
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| 123 |
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| 124 | #
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| 125 | # Mass [E][T^2][L^-2]
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| 126 | #
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| 127 | kilogram = joule*second*second/(meter*meter)
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| 128 | gram = 1.e-3*kilogram
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| 129 | milligram = 1.e-3*gram
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| 130 |
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| 131 | # symbols
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| 132 | kg = kilogram
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| 133 | g = gram
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| 134 | mg = milligram
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| 135 |
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| 136 | #
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| 137 | # Power [E][T^-1]
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| 138 | #
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| 139 | watt = joule/second # watt = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/ns
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| 140 |
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| 141 | #
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| 142 | # Force [E][L^-1]
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| 143 | #
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| 144 | newton = joule/meter # newton = 6.24150 e+9 * MeV/mm
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| 145 |
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| 146 | #
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| 147 | # Pressure [E][L^-3]
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| 148 | #
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| 149 | pascal = newton/m2 # pascal = 6.24150 e+3 * MeV/mm3
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| 150 | bar = 100000*pascal # bar = 6.24150 e+8 * MeV/mm3
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| 151 | atmosphere = 101325*pascal # atm = 6.32420 e+8 * MeV/mm3
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| 152 |
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| 153 | #
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| 154 | # Electric current [Q][T^-1]
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| 155 | #
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| 156 | ampere = coulomb/second # ampere = 6.24150 e+9 * eplus/ns
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| 157 | milliampere = 1.e-3*ampere
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| 158 | microampere = 1.e-6*ampere
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| 159 | nanoampere = 1.e-9*ampere
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| 160 |
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| 161 | #
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| 162 | # Electric potential [E][Q^-1]
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| 163 | #
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| 164 | megavolt = megaelectronvolt/eplus
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| 165 | kilovolt = 1.e-3*megavolt
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| 166 | volt = 1.e-6*megavolt
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| 167 |
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| 168 | #
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| 169 | # Electric resistance [E][T][Q^-2]
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| 170 | #
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| 171 | ohm = volt/ampere # ohm = 1.60217e-16*(MeV/eplus)/(eplus/ns)
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| 172 |
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| 173 | #
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| 174 | # Electric capacitance [Q^2][E^-1]
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| 175 | #
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| 176 | farad = coulomb/volt # farad = 6.24150e+24 * eplus/Megavolt
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| 177 | millifarad = 1.e-3*farad
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| 178 | microfarad = 1.e-6*farad
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| 179 | nanofarad = 1.e-9*farad
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| 180 | picofarad = 1.e-12*farad
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| 181 |
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| 182 | #
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| 183 | # Magnetic Flux [T][E][Q^-1]
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| 184 | #
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| 185 | weber = volt*second # weber = 1000*megavolt*ns
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| 186 |
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| 187 | #
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| 188 | # Magnetic Field [T][E][Q^-1][L^-2]
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| 189 | #
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| 190 | tesla = volt*second/meter2 # tesla =0.001*megavolt*ns/mm2
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| 191 |
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| 192 | gauss = 1.e-4*tesla
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| 193 | kilogauss = 1.e-1*tesla
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| 194 |
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| 195 | #
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| 196 | # Inductance [T^2][E][Q^-2]
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| 197 | #
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| 198 | henry = weber/ampere # henry = 1.60217e-7*MeV*(ns/eplus)**2
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| 199 |
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| 200 | #
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| 201 | # Temperature
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| 202 | #
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| 203 | kelvin = 1.
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| 204 |
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| 205 | #
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| 206 | # Amount of substance
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| 207 | #
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| 208 | mole = 1.
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| 209 |
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| 210 | #
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| 211 | # Activity [T^-1]
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| 212 | #
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| 213 | becquerel = 1./second
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| 214 | curie = 3.7e+10 * becquerel
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| 215 |
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| 216 | #
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| 217 | # Absorbed dose [L^2][T^-2]
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| 218 | #
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| 219 | gray = joule/kilogram
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| 220 |
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| 221 | #
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| 222 | # Luminous intensity [I]
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| 223 | #
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| 224 | candela = 1.
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| 225 |
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| 226 | #
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| 227 | # Luminous flux [I]
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| 228 | #
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| 229 | lumen = candela*steradian
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| 230 |
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| 231 | #
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| 232 | # Illuminance [I][L^-2]
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| 233 | #
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| 234 | lux = lumen/meter2
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| 235 |
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| 236 | #
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| 237 | # Miscellaneous
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| 238 | #
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| 239 | perCent = 0.01
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| 240 | perThousand = 0.001
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| 241 | perMillion = 0.000001
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| 242 |
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| 243 |
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| 244 | # ==================================================================
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| 245 | # imported from "PhysicalConstants.h"
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| 246 | # ==================================================================
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| 247 | pi = 3.14159265358979323846
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| 248 | twopi = 2.*pi
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| 249 | halfpi = pi/2.
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| 250 | pi2 = pi*pi
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| 251 |
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| 252 | #
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| 253 | Avogadro = 6.0221367e+23/mole
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| 254 |
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| 255 | # c = 299.792458 mm/ns
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| 256 | # c^2 = 898.7404 (mm/ns)^2
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| 257 | c_light = 2.99792458e+8 * m/s
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| 258 | c_squared = c_light * c_light
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| 259 |
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| 260 | # h = 4.13566e-12 MeV*ns
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| 261 | # hbar = 6.58212e-13 MeV*ns
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| 262 | # hbarc = 197.32705e-12 MeV*mm
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| 263 | h_Planck = 6.6260755e-34 * joule*s
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| 264 | hbar_Planck = h_Planck/twopi
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| 265 | hbarc = hbar_Planck * c_light
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| 266 | hbarc_squared = hbarc * hbarc
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| 267 |
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| 268 | #
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| 269 | electron_charge = - eplus # see SystemOfUnits.h
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| 270 | e_squared = eplus * eplus
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| 271 |
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| 272 | # amu_c2 - atomic equivalent mass unit
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| 273 | # amu - atomic mass unit
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| 274 | electron_mass_c2 = 0.51099906 * MeV
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| 275 | proton_mass_c2 = 938.27231 * MeV
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| 276 | neutron_mass_c2 = 939.56563 * MeV
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| 277 | amu_c2 = 931.49432 * MeV
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| 278 | amu = amu_c2/c_squared
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| 279 |
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| 280 | # permeability of free space mu0 = 2.01334e-16 Mev*(ns*eplus)^2/mm
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| 281 | # permittivity of free space epsil0 = 5.52636e+10 eplus^2/(MeV*mm)
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| 282 | mu0 = 4*pi*1.e-7 * henry/m
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| 283 | epsilon0 = 1./(c_squared*mu0)
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| 284 |
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| 285 | # electromagnetic coupling = 1.43996e-12 MeV*mm/(eplus^2)
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| 286 | elm_coupling = e_squared/(4*pi*epsilon0)
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| 287 | fine_structure_const = elm_coupling/hbarc
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| 288 | classic_electr_radius = elm_coupling/electron_mass_c2
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| 289 | electron_Compton_length = hbarc/electron_mass_c2
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| 290 | Bohr_radius = electron_Compton_length/fine_structure_const
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| 291 |
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| 292 | alpha_rcl2 = fine_structure_const * classic_electr_radius \
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| 293 | * classic_electr_radius
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| 294 | twopi_mc2_rcl2 = twopi * electron_mass_c2 \
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| 295 | * classic_electr_radius \
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| 296 | * classic_electr_radius
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| 297 |
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| 298 | #
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| 299 | k_Boltzmann = 8.617385e-11 * MeV/kelvin
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| 300 |
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| 301 | #
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| 302 | STP_Temperature = 273.15*kelvin
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| 303 | STP_Pressure = 1.*atmosphere
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| 304 | kGasThreshold = 10.*mg/cm3
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| 305 |
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| 306 | #
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| 307 | universe_mean_density = 1.e-25*g/cm3
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| 308 |
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