// // ******************************************************************** // * License and Disclaimer * // * * // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of * // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and * // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file * // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These * // * include a list of copyright holders. * // * * // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing * // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this * // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, * // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its * // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * // * * // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * // ******************************************************************** // // // // GEANT 4 class // // History: based on object model of // Em10Materials // Originally Created in Test30 by Vladimir Ivanchenko, 12 March 2002 // // Modified for TestEm10 by V. Grichine, 29 Jan 2006 // is filled with XTR related materials, plastics, gas mixtures, etc #include "Em10Materials.hh" #include "G4UnitsTable.hh" #include "G4Material.hh" #include "G4MaterialTable.hh" Em10Materials::Em10Materials() { Initialise(); } Em10Materials::~Em10Materials() {} void Em10Materials::Initialise() { G4String name, symbol; G4double a, z; G4double density, fractionmass; G4int nel, ncomponents; G4Material* ma; // define Elements a = 1.01*g/mole; G4Element* elH = new G4Element(name="Hydrogen",symbol="H" , z= 1., a); a = 6.94*g/mole; G4Element* elLi = new G4Element(name="Lithium",symbol="Li" , z= 3., a); a = 9.01*g/mole; G4Element* elBe = new G4Element(name="Berillium",symbol="Be" , z= 4., a); a = 12.01*g/mole; G4Element* elC = new G4Element(name="Carbon", symbol="C", z=6., a); a = 14.01*g/mole; G4Element* elN = new G4Element(name="Nitrogen",symbol="N" , z= 7., a); a = 16.00*g/mole; G4Element* elO = new G4Element(name="Oxygen" ,symbol="O" , z= 8., a); a = 39.948*g/mole; G4Element* elAr = new G4Element(name="Argon", symbol="Ar", z=18., a); /* a = 131.29*g/mole; G4Element* elXe = new G4Element(name="Xenon", symbol="Xe", z=54., a); a = 19.00*g/mole; G4Element* elF = new G4Element(name="Fluorine", symbol="F", z=9., a); */ ////////////// // // Detector windows, electrodes // Al for electrodes density = 2.700*g/cm3; a = 26.98*g/mole; ma = new G4Material(name="Al", z=13., a, density); ///////// // // Materials for popular X-ray TR radiators // // TRT_CH2 density = 0.935*g/cm3; G4Material* TRT_CH2 = new G4Material(name="TRT_CH2",density, nel=2); TRT_CH2->AddElement(elC,1); TRT_CH2->AddElement(elH,2); // Radiator density = 0.059*g/cm3; G4Material* Radiator = new G4Material(name="Radiator",density, nel=2); Radiator->AddElement(elC,1); Radiator->AddElement(elH,2); // Carbon Fiber density = 0.145*g/cm3; G4Material* CarbonFiber = new G4Material(name="CarbonFiber",density, nel=1); CarbonFiber->AddElement(elC,1); // Lithium density = 0.534*g/cm3; G4Material* Li = new G4Material(name="Li",density, nel=1); Li->AddElement(elLi,1); // Beryllium density = 1.848*g/cm3; G4Material* Be = new G4Material(name="Be",density, nel=1); Be->AddElement(elBe,1); // Mylar density = 1.39*g/cm3; G4Material* Mylar = new G4Material(name="Mylar", density, nel=3); Mylar->AddElement(elO,2); Mylar->AddElement(elC,5); Mylar->AddElement(elH,4); // Kapton Dupont de Nemur (density: 1.396-1.430, get middle ) density = 1.413*g/cm3; G4Material* Kapton = new G4Material(name="Kapton", density, nel=4); Kapton->AddElement(elO,5); Kapton->AddElement(elC,22); Kapton->AddElement(elN,2); Kapton->AddElement(elH,10); // Kapton (polyimide) ??? since = Mylar C5H4O2 // density = 1.39*g/cm3; // G4Material* kapton = new G4Material(name="kapton", density, nel=3); // Kapton->AddElement(elO,2); // Kapton->AddElement(elC,5); // Kapton->AddElement(elH,4); // Polypropelene G4Material* CH2 = new G4Material ("CH2" , 0.91*g/cm3, 2); CH2->AddElement(elH,2); CH2->AddElement(elC,1); //////////////////////////// // // Noble gases , STP conditions // Helium as detector gas, STP density = 0.178*mg/cm3; a = 4.0026*g/mole; G4Material* He = new G4Material(name="He",z=2., a, density ); // Neon as detector gas, STP density = 0.900*mg/cm3; a = 20.179*g/mole; ma = new G4Material(name="Ne",z=10., a, density ); // Argon as detector gas, STP density = 1.7836*mg/cm3; // STP G4Material* Argon = new G4Material(name="Argon" , density, ncomponents=1); Argon->AddElement(elAr, 1); // Krypton as detector gas, STP density = 3.700*mg/cm3; a = 83.80*g/mole; G4Material* Kr = new G4Material(name="Kr",z=36., a, density ); // Xenon as detector gas, STP density = 5.858*mg/cm3; a = 131.29*g/mole; G4Material* Xe = new G4Material(name="Xenon",z=54., a, density ); ///////////////////////////////// // // Hydrocarbones, metane and others // Metane, STP density = 0.7174*mg/cm3; G4Material* metane = new G4Material(name="CH4",density,nel=2); metane->AddElement(elC,1); metane->AddElement(elH,4); // Propane, STP density = 2.005*mg/cm3 ; G4Material* propane = new G4Material(name="C3H8",density,nel=2); propane->AddElement(elC,3); propane->AddElement(elH,8); // iso-Butane (methylpropane), STP density = 2.67*mg/cm3; G4Material* isobutane = new G4Material(name="isoC4H10",density,nel=2); isobutane->AddElement(elC,4); isobutane->AddElement(elH,10); ///////////////////////// // // Molecular gases // Carbon dioxide, STP density = 1.977*mg/cm3; G4Material* CO2 = new G4Material(name="CO2", density, nel=2, kStateGas,273.15*kelvin,1.*atmosphere); CO2->AddElement(elC,1); CO2->AddElement(elO,2); // Carbon dioxide, STP density = 1.977*273.*mg/cm3/293.; G4Material* CarbonDioxide = new G4Material(name="CO2", density, nel=2); CarbonDioxide->AddElement(elC,1); CarbonDioxide->AddElement(elO,2); // Nitrogen, STP density = 1.25053*mg/cm3; // STP G4Material* Nitrogen = new G4Material(name="N2" , density, ncomponents=1); Nitrogen->AddElement(elN, 2); // Oxygen, STP density = 1.4289*mg/cm3; // STP G4Material* Oxygen = new G4Material(name="O2" , density, ncomponents=1); Oxygen->AddElement(elO, 2); /* ***************************** density = 1.25053*mg/cm3; // STP a = 14.01*g/mole ; // get atomic weight !!! // a = 28.016*g/mole; G4Material* N2 = new G4Material(name="Nitrogen", z= 7.,a,density) ; density = 1.25053*mg/cm3; // STP G4Material* anotherN2 = new G4Material(name="anotherN2", density,ncomponents=2); anotherN2->AddElement(elN, 1); anotherN2->AddElement(elN, 1); // air made from oxigen and nitrogen only density = 1.290*mg/cm3; // old air from elements G4Material* air = new G4Material(name="air" , density, ncomponents=2); air->AddElement(elN, fractionmass=0.7); air->AddElement(elO, fractionmass=0.3); ******************************************** */ // Dry Air (average composition with Ar), STP density = 1.2928*mg/cm3 ; // STP G4Material* Air = new G4Material(name="Air" , density, ncomponents=3); Air->AddMaterial( Nitrogen, fractionmass = 0.7557 ); Air->AddMaterial( Oxygen, fractionmass = 0.2315 ); Air->AddMaterial( Argon, fractionmass = 0.0128 ); //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // MWPC mixtures // 85% Xe + 15% CO2, STP density = 4.9*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe15CO2 = new G4Material(name="Xe15CO2" , density, ncomponents=2); Xe15CO2->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.979); Xe15CO2->AddMaterial( CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.021); // 80% Xe + 20% CO2, STP density = 5.0818*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe20CO2 = new G4Material(name="Xe20CO2" , density, ncomponents=2); Xe20CO2->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.922 ); Xe20CO2->AddMaterial( CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.078 ); // 70% Xe + 27% CO2 + 3% O2, 20 1 atm ATLAS straw tube mixture density = 4.358*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe27CO23O2 = new G4Material(name="Xe27CO23O2" , density, ncomponents=3); Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.87671); Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial( CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.11412); Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial( Oxygen, fractionmass = 0.00917); // 80% Kr + 20% CO2, STP density = 3.601*mg/cm3; G4Material* Kr20CO2 = new G4Material(name="Kr20CO2", density, ncomponents=2); Kr20CO2->AddMaterial( Kr, fractionmass = 0.89 ); Kr20CO2->AddMaterial( CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.11 ); // Xe + 55% He + 15% CH4 ; NIM A294 (1990) 465-472; STP density = 1.963*273.*mg/cm3/293.; G4Material* Xe55He15CH4 = new G4Material(name="Xe55He15CH4",density, ncomponents=3); Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(Xe, 0.895); Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(He, 0.050); Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(metane,0.055); // 90% Xe + 10% CH4, STP ; NIM A248 (1986) 379-388 density = 5.344*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe10CH4 = new G4Material(name="Xe10CH4" , density, ncomponents=2); Xe10CH4->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.987 ) ; Xe10CH4->AddMaterial( metane, fractionmass = 0.013 ) ; // 95% Xe + 5% CH4, STP ; NIM A214 (1983) 261-268 density = 5.601*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe5CH4 = new G4Material(name="Xe5CH4" , density, ncomponents=2); Xe5CH4->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.994 ); Xe5CH4->AddMaterial( metane, fractionmass = 0.006 ); // 80% Xe + 20% CH4, STP ; NIM A253 (1987) 235-244 density = 4.83*mg/cm3; G4Material* Xe20CH4 = new G4Material(name="Xe20CH4" , density, ncomponents=2); Xe20CH4->AddMaterial( Xe, fractionmass = 0.97 ); Xe20CH4->AddMaterial( metane, fractionmass = 0.03 ); // 93% Ar + 7% CH4, STP ; NIM 107 (1973) 413-422 density = 1.709*mg/cm3; G4Material* Ar7CH4 = new G4Material(name="Ar7CH4" , density, ncomponents=2); Ar7CH4->AddMaterial( Argon, fractionmass = 0.971 ); Ar7CH4->AddMaterial( metane, fractionmass = 0.029 ); // 93% Kr + 7% CH4, STP ; NIM 107 (1973) 413-422 density = 3.491*mg/cm3; G4Material* Kr7CH4 = new G4Material(name="Kr7CH4" , density, ncomponents=2); Kr7CH4->AddMaterial( Kr, fractionmass = 0.986 ); Kr7CH4->AddMaterial( metane, fractionmass = 0.014 ); // 0.5*(95% Xe + 5% CH4)+0.5*(93% Ar + 7% CH4), STP ; NIM A214 (1983) 261-268 density = 3.655*mg/cm3; G4Material* XeArCH4 = new G4Material(name="XeArCH4" , density, ncomponents=2); XeArCH4->AddMaterial( Xe5CH4, fractionmass = 0.766 ); XeArCH4->AddMaterial( Ar7CH4, fractionmass = 0.234 ); // Silicon as detector material density = 2.330*g/cm3; a = 28.09*g/mole; ma = new G4Material(name="Si", z=14., a, density); /* G4Material* ma; ma = new G4Material("H", 1., 1.0*g/mole, 1.*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("D", 1., 2.0*g/mole, 1.*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Li", 3., 6.941*g/mole, 1.*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Be", 4., 9.01*g/mole, 1.848*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("C", 6., 12.00*g/mole, 2.0*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Graphite",6., 12.00*g/mole, 2.265*g/cm3 ); ma->SetChemicalFormula("Graphite"); ma = new G4Material("Al", 13., 26.98*g/mole, 2.7 *g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Si", 14., 29.055*g/mole, 2.33*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("LAr", 18., 39.95*g/mole, 1.393*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Zr", 40., 91.224*g/mole, 4.0*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("LXe", 54., 131.29*g/mole, 3.02*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Fe", 26., 55.85*g/mole, 7.87*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Ni", 29., 58.6934*g/mole, 8.00*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Cu", 29., 63.55*g/mole, 8.96*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Au", 79., 196.97*g/mole, 19.32*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Ta", 73., 180.9479*g/mole, 16.67*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("W", 74., 183.85*g/mole, 19.30*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Pb", 82., 207.19*g/mole, 11.35*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("Bi", 83., 208.98*g/mole, 12.*g/cm3); ma = new G4Material("U", 92., 238.03*g/mole, 18.95*g/cm3); G4Element* H = new G4Element ("Hydrogen", "H", 1. , 1.01*g/mole); G4Element* N = new G4Element ("Nitrigen", "N", 7. , 14.00*g/mole); G4Element* O = new G4Element ("Oxygen" , "O", 8. , 16.00*g/mole); G4Element* C = new G4Element ("Carbon" , "C", 6. , 12.00*g/mole); G4Element* Cs = new G4Element ("Cesium" , "Cs", 55. , 132.905*g/mole); G4Element* I = new G4Element ("Iodide" , "I", 53. , 126.9044*g/mole); ma = new G4Material("O2", 8., 16.00*g/mole, 1.1*g/cm3); ma->SetChemicalFormula("O_2"); ma = new G4Material ("Water" , 1.*g/cm3, 2); ma->AddElement(H,2); ma->AddElement(O,1); ma->SetChemicalFormula("H_2O"); ma = new G4Material ("Ethane" , 0.4241*g/cm3, 2); ma->AddElement(H,6); ma->AddElement(C,2); ma->SetChemicalFormula("C_2H_6"); ma = new G4Material ("CsI" , 4.53*g/cm3, 2); ma->AddElement(Cs,1); ma->AddElement(I,1); ma->SetChemicalFormula("CsI"); ma = new G4Material("Air" , 1.290*mg/cm3, 2); // use fraction in mass ma->AddElement(N, 0.7); ma->AddElement(O, 0.3); */ } G4Material* Em10Materials::GetMaterial(const G4String& name) { // const G4MaterialTable* theMaterialTable = G4Material::GetMaterialTable(); G4Material* ma = G4Material::GetMaterial(name); G4cout << "Material is selected: " << ma->GetName() << G4endl; return ma; }