| 1 | $Id: README,v 1.7 2007/11/09 17:35:06 maire Exp $
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| 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------
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| 3 |
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| 4 | =========================================================
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| 5 | Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
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| 6 | =========================================================
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| 7 |
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| 8 | TestEm12
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| 9 | --------
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| 10 |
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| 11 |
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| 12 | How to plot a depth dose profile in spherical geometry.
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| 13 |
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| 14 |
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| 15 | 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
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| 16 |
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| 17 | The geometry consists of a single sphere of an homogenous material.
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| 18 | Optionally, the sphere can be divided in thin shells.
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| 19 |
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| 20 | 3 parameters define the geometry :
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| 21 | - the material of the sphere,
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| 22 | - the radius of the sphere (absorRadius),
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| 23 | - the number of shells (nbOfLayers)
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| 24 |
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| 25 | In addition a transverse uniform magnetic field can be applied.
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| 26 |
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| 27 | The default geometry is constructed in DetectorConstruction class,
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| 28 | but all of the above parameters can be changed interactively via
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| 29 | the commands defined in the DetectorMessenger class.
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| 30 |
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| 31 | 2- PHYSICS LIST
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| 32 |
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| 33 | The particle list is the one of novice/exampleN02.
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| 34 | The physics list contains the 'standard' electromagnetic processes,
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| 35 | and decay.
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| 36 |
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| 37 | Few commands have been added to PhysicsList, in order to set the
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| 38 | production threshold for secondaries either in range for gamma, e-/e+.
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| 39 |
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| 40 | 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
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| 41 |
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| 42 | The primary kinematic consists of a single particle randomly shooted at
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| 43 | the centre of the sphere. The type of the particle and its energy are set
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| 44 | in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can be changed via the G4
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| 45 | build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with
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| 46 | this example).
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| 47 |
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| 48 | In addition one can desactivate the randomness of the direction of the
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| 49 | incident particle. The corresponding interactive command is built in
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| 50 | PrimaryGeneratorMessenger class.
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| 51 |
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| 52 | A RUN is a set of events.
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| 53 |
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| 54 |
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| 55 | 4- VISUALIZATION
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| 56 |
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| 57 | The Visualization Manager is set in the main().
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| 58 | The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands
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| 59 | /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visualisation:
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| 60 | > /control/execute vis.mac
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| 61 |
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| 62 | The detector has a default view which is a longitudinal view of the
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| 63 | box.
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| 64 |
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| 65 | The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
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| 66 | Optionaly one can choose to draw all particles, only the charged one,
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| 67 | or none. This command is defined in EventActionMessenger class.
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| 68 |
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| 69 |
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| 70 | 5- HOW TO START ?
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| 71 |
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| 72 | - compile and link to generate an executable
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| 73 | % cd geant4/examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm1
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| 74 | % gmake
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| 75 |
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| 76 | - execute TestEm12 in 'batch' mode from macro files
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| 77 | % TestEm12 run01.mac
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| 78 |
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| 79 | - execute TestEm12 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
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| 80 | % TestEm12
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| 81 | ....
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| 82 | Idle> type your commands
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| 83 | ....
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| 84 | Idle> exit
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| 85 |
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| 86 | 6- TRACKING and STEP MAX
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| 87 |
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| 88 | Testem12 computes the total energy deposited along the trajectory of
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| 89 | the incident particle : the so-called longitudinal energy profile,
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| 90 | or depth dose distribution.
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| 91 | The energy deposited (edep) is randomly distribued along the step (see
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| 92 | SteppingAction).
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| 93 |
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| 94 | In order to control the accuracy of the deposition, the maximum step size
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| 95 | of charged particles is computed automatically from the binning of
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| 96 | histograms 1 and 8 (see HistoManager).
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| 97 |
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| 98 | As an example, this limitation is implemented as a 'full' process :
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| 99 | see StepMax class and its Messenger. The 'StepMax process' is registered
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| 100 | in the Physics List.
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| 101 |
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| 102 | In RunAction::BeginOfRun() the stepMax value is passed from the
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| 103 | HistoManager to the StepMax process.
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| 104 | A boolean UI command allows to desactivate this mechanism.
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| 105 |
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| 106 | 7- HISTOGRAMS
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| 107 |
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| 108 | Testem12 has several predefined 1D histograms :
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| 109 |
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| 110 | 1 : energy profile dE/dr (in MeV/mm per event)
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| 111 | 2 : total energy deposited in the absorber
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| 112 | 3 : total track length of the primary track
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| 113 | 4 : step size of the primary track
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| 114 | 5 : projected range of the primary track
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| 115 | 6 : total track length of charged secondary tracks
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| 116 | 7 : step size of charged secondary tracks
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| 117 | 8 : normalized energy profile d(E/E0)/d(r/r0), where r0 is the range of
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| 118 | the primary particle of energy E0
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| 119 |
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| 120 | The histograms are managed by the HistoManager class and its Messenger.
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| 121 | The histos can be individually activated with the command :
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| 122 | /testem/histo/setHisto id nbBins valMin valMax unit
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| 123 | where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, deg or mrad, etc..)
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| 124 |
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| 125 | One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
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| 126 | /testem/histo/setFileName name (default testem12)
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| 127 |
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| 128 | It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file (hbook, root, XML)
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| 129 | with the command /testem/histo/setFileType (hbook by default)
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| 130 |
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| 131 | It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
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| 132 | /testem/histo/printHisto id
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| 133 | All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default testem12)
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| 134 |
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| 135 | Note that, by default, histograms are disabled. To activate them, uncomment
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| 136 | the flag G4ANALYSIS_USE in GNUmakefile.
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| 137 |
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| 138 |
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| 139 | 8- USING HISTOGRAMS
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| 140 |
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| 141 | To use histograms, at least one of the AIDA implementations should be
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| 142 | available (see http://aida.freehep.org).
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| 143 |
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| 144 | 8a - PI
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| 145 |
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| 146 | A package including AIDA and extended interfaces also using Python is PI,
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| 147 | available from: http://cern.ch/pi
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| 148 |
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| 149 | Once installed PI or PI-Lite in a specified local area $MYPY, it is required
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| 150 | to add the installation path to $PATH, i.e. for example, for release 1.2.1 of
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| 151 | PI:
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| 152 | setenv PATH ${PATH}:$MYPI/1.2.1/app/releases/PI/PI_1_2_1/rh73_gcc32/bin
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| 153 |
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| 154 | CERN users can use the PATH to the LCG area on AFS.
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| 155 | Before running the example the command should be issued:
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| 156 | eval `aida-config --runtime csh`
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| 157 |
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| 158 | 8b - OpenScientist
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| 159 |
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| 160 | OpenScientist is available at http://OpenScientist.lal.in2p3.fr.
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| 161 |
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| 162 | You have to "setup" the OpenScientist AIDA implementation before compiling
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| 163 | (then with G4ANALYSIS_USE set) and running your Geant4 application.
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| 164 |
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| 165 | On UNIX you setup, with a csh flavoured shell :
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| 166 | csh> source <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.csh
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| 167 | or with a sh flavoured shell :
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| 168 | sh> . <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.sh
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| 169 | On Windows :
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| 170 | DOS> call <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.bat
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| 171 |
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| 172 | You can use various file formats for writing (AIDA-XML, hbook, root).
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| 173 | These formats are readable by the Lab onx interactive program
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| 174 | or the OpenPAW application. See the web pages.
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| 175 |
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| 176 |
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| 177 | With OpenPAW, on a run.hbook file, one can view the histograms
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| 178 | with something like :
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| 179 | OS> opaw
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| 180 | opaw> h/file 1 run.hbook ( or opaw> h/file 1 run.aida or run.root)
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| 181 | opaw> zone 2 2
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| 182 | opaw> h/plot 1
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| 183 | opaw> h/plot 2
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