| [807] | 1 | $Id: README,v 1.6 2007/11/13 12:13:32 maire Exp $
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| 2 | -------------------------------------------------------------------
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| 3 |
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| 4 | =========================================================
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| 5 | Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
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| 6 | =========================================================
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| 7 |
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| 8 | TestEm14
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| 9 | --------
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| 10 |
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| 11 | How to compute cross sections from the direct evaluation of the mean
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| 12 | free path ( see below, item Physics).
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| 13 | How to plot final state of a process.
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| 14 |
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| 15 | 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
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| 16 |
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| 17 | It is a single box representing a 'semi infinite' homogeneous medium.
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| 18 | Two parameters define the geometry :
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| 19 | - the material of the box,
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| 20 | - the (full) size of the box.
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| 21 |
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| 22 | The default geometry (100 m of water) is constructed in
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| 23 | DetectorConstruction, but the above parameters can be changed
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| 24 | interactively via the commands defined in DetectorMessenger.
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| 25 |
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| 26 | 2- PHYSICS LIST
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| 27 |
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| 28 | The physics list contains the standard electromagnetic processes.
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| 29 | In order not to introduce 'artificial' constraints on the step size, the
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| 30 | multiple scattering is not instanciated, and there is no limitation from
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| 31 | the maximum energy lost per step.
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| 32 |
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| 33 | 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
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| 34 |
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| 35 | The primary kinematic consists of a single particle starting at the edge
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| 36 | of the box. The type of the particle and its energy are set in
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| 37 | PrimaryGeneratorAction (1 MeV gamma), and can be changed via the G4
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| 38 | build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with
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| 39 | this example).
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| 40 |
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| 41 | 4- PHYSICS
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| 42 |
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| 43 | An event is killed at the first interaction of the incident paticle.
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| 44 | The absorption length, also called mean free path, is computed as
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| 45 | the mean value of the track length of the incident particle.
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| 46 | This is why the medium must be 'infinite' : to be sure that interaction
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| 47 | occurs at any events.
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| 48 |
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| 49 | The result is compared with the 'input' data, i.e. with the cross
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| 50 | sections stored in the PhysicsTables and used by Geant4.
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| 51 |
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| 52 | The energy spectrum and the angular distribution of the scattered
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| 53 | particle (if any) and of the created secondaries are plotted (see
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| 54 | SteppingAction).
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| 55 |
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| 56 | A set of macros defining various run conditions are provided.
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| 57 | The processes are actived/inactived in order to survey the processes
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| 58 | individually.
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| 59 |
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| 60 | 5- HISTOGRAMS
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| 61 |
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| 62 | The test contains 6 built-in 1D histograms, which are managed by the
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| 63 | HistoManager class and its Messenger. The histos can be individually
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| 64 | activated with the command :
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| 65 | /testem/histo/setHisto id nbBins valMin valMax unit
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| 66 | where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, etc..)
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| 67 | (see the macros xxxx.mac).
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| 68 |
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| 69 | 1 "scattered primary particle: energy spectrum"
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| 70 | 2 "scattered primary particle: costheta distribution"
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| 71 | 3 "charged secondaries: energy spectrum"
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| 72 | 4 "charged secondaries: costheta distribution"
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| 73 | 5 "neutral secondaries: energy spectrum"
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| 74 | 6 "neutral secondaries: costheta distribution"
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| 75 |
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| 76 | See below the note on histogram tools.
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| 77 |
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| 78 | One can control the name and the type of the histograms file with
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| 79 | the commands:
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| 80 | /testem/histo/setFileName name (default testem14)
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| 81 | /testem/histo/setFileType name (default hbook)
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| 82 |
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| 83 | It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
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| 84 | /testem/histo/printHisto id
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| 85 | All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii
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| 86 | (default testem14)
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| 87 |
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| 88 | Note that, by default, histograms are disabled. To activate them,
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| 89 | uncomment the flag G4ANALYSIS_USE in GNUmakefile.
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| 90 |
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| 91 | 6- VISUALIZATION
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| 92 |
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| 93 | The Visualization Manager is set in the main().
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| 94 | The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands
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| 95 | /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visualisation:
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| 96 | > /control/execute vis.mac
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| 97 |
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| 98 | The detector has a default view which is a longitudinal view of the
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| 99 | box.
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| 100 |
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| 101 | The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
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| 102 |
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| 103 | 7- HOW TO START ?
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| 104 |
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| 105 | compile and link to generate an executable
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| 106 | % cd geant4/examples/extended/electromagnetic/TestEm14
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| 107 | % gmake
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| 108 |
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| 109 | execute TestEm14 in 'batch' mode from macro files :
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| 110 | % TestEm14 compt.mac
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| 111 |
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| 112 | execute TestEm14 in 'interactive mode' with visualization :
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| 113 | % TestEm14
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| 114 | Idle> control/execute vis.mac
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| 115 | ....
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| 116 | Idle> type your commands
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| 117 | ....
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| 118 | Idle> exit
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| 119 |
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| 120 |
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| 121 | 8- USING HISTOGRAMS
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| 122 |
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| 123 | By default the histograms are not activated. To activate histograms
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| 124 | the environment variable G4ANALYSIS_USE should be defined. For instance
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| 125 | uncomment the flag G4ANALYSIS_USE in GNUmakefile.
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| 126 |
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| 127 | Before compilation of the example it is optimal to clean up old files:
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| 128 | gmake histclean
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| 129 | gmake
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| 130 |
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| 131 | To use histograms, at least one of the AIDA implementations should be
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| 132 | available (see http://aida.freehep.org).
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| 133 |
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| 134 | 8a - PI
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| 135 |
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| 136 | A package including AIDA and extended interfaces also using Python is PI,
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| 137 | available from: http://cern.ch/pi
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| 138 |
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| 139 | Once installed PI or PI-Lite in a specified local area $MYPY, it is required
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| 140 | to add the installation path to $PATH, i.e. for example, for release 1.2.1 of
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| 141 | PI:
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| 142 | setenv PATH ${PATH}:$MYPI/1.2.1/app/releases/PI/PI_1_2_1/rh73_gcc32/bin
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| 143 |
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| 144 | CERN users can use the PATH to the LCG area on AFS.
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| 145 | Before running the example the command should be issued:
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| 146 | eval `aida-config --runtime csh`
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| 147 |
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| 148 | 8b - OpenScientist
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| 149 |
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| 150 | OpenScientist is available at http://OpenScientist.lal.in2p3.fr.
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| 151 |
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| 152 | You have to "setup" the OpenScientist AIDA implementation before compiling
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| 153 | (then with G4ANALYSIS_USE set) and running your Geant4 application.
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| 154 |
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| 155 | On UNIX you setup, with a csh flavoured shell :
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| 156 | csh> source <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.csh
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| 157 | or with a sh flavoured shell :
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| 158 | sh> . <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.sh
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| 159 | On Windows :
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| 160 | DOS> call <<OpenScientist install path>/aida-setup.bat
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| 161 |
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| 162 | You can use various file formats for writing (AIDA-XML, hbook, root).
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| 163 | These formats are readable by the Lab onx interactive program
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| 164 | or the OpenPAW application. See the web pages.
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| 165 |
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| 166 |
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| 167 | With OpenPAW, on a run.hbook file, one can view the histograms
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| 168 | with something like :
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| 169 | OS> opaw
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| 170 | opaw> h/file 1 run.hbook ( or opaw> h/file 1 run.aida or run.root)
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| 171 | opaw> zone 2 2
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| 172 | opaw> h/plot 1
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| 173 | opaw> h/plot 2
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