| 1 | ========================================================= |
|---|
| 2 | Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP |
|---|
| 3 | ========================================================= |
|---|
| 4 | |
|---|
| 5 | |
|---|
| 6 | GAMMA THERAPY |
|---|
| 7 | |
|---|
| 8 | I.Gudovska, V.Ivanchenko, S.Larsson |
|---|
| 9 | Karolinska Institute & Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden |
|---|
| 10 | CERN, Geneva, Switzerland |
|---|
| 11 | |
|---|
| 12 | |
|---|
| 13 | Electron beam of 50 MeV converted on target. All charged particles removed |
|---|
| 14 | from the beam after the target. Gamma beam irradiate a water phantom. |
|---|
| 15 | In front of the phantom a thin CheckVolume is placed to score gamma |
|---|
| 16 | beam properties. Inside the phantom a score volume is placed to calculate |
|---|
| 17 | radial radiation dose distribution. |
|---|
| 18 | |
|---|
| 19 | |
|---|
| 20 | GEOMETRY |
|---|
| 21 | |
|---|
| 22 | |
|---|
| 23 | GammaTherapy application geometry consists of along z: |
|---|
| 24 | |
|---|
| 25 | 1. Generator of electrons directed along z-axis |
|---|
| 26 | 2. Target1 (Be, W) |
|---|
| 27 | 3. Target2 (W, Cu) |
|---|
| 28 | 4. GasVolume (He) all charged particles are killed inside |
|---|
| 29 | 5. CheckVolume (Air) is sensitive for scoring in front of thephantom |
|---|
| 30 | 6. Phantom (H2O) is sensitive for radioactive dose calculation |
|---|
| 31 | 7. Absorber in Phantom (H2O) is sensitive for transverse dose calculation |
|---|
| 32 | |
|---|
| 33 | World volume consists of Air. |
|---|
| 34 | |
|---|
| 35 | |
|---|
| 36 | STEERING |
|---|
| 37 | |
|---|
| 38 | Geometry and other parameters can be defined by G4 UI commands. |
|---|
| 39 | |
|---|
| 40 | Following macro files are prepared for different targets used in the real |
|---|
| 41 | setup: be.in (thin Be target), be_w.in (thick BeW target), cu_w.in (thick |
|---|
| 42 | Cu W target). |
|---|
| 43 | |
|---|
| 44 | Following Physics Lists can be activated via UI commands: |
|---|
| 45 | |
|---|
| 46 | /testem/phys/addPhysics standard |
|---|
| 47 | /testem/phys/addPhysics g4v52 |
|---|
| 48 | /testem/phys/addPhysics penelope |
|---|
| 49 | /testem/phys/addPhysics lowenergy |
|---|
| 50 | |
|---|
| 51 | For interactive mode G4 visualization options and variables should be |
|---|
| 52 | defined, then the example should be recompiled: |
|---|
| 53 | |
|---|
| 54 | gmake visclean |
|---|
| 55 | gmake |
|---|
| 56 | |
|---|
| 57 | The vis.mac file can be used an example of visualization. |
|---|
| 58 | |
|---|
| 59 | |
|---|
| 60 | HISTOGRAMS |
|---|
| 61 | |
|---|
| 62 | To use histograms any of implementations of AIDA interfaces should |
|---|
| 63 | be available (see http://aida.freehep.org). |
|---|
| 64 | |
|---|
| 65 | A package including AIDA and extended interfaces also using Python |
|---|
| 66 | is PI, available from: http://cern.ch/pi . |
|---|
| 67 | |
|---|
| 68 | Once installed PI or PI-Lite in a specified local area $MYPI, it is |
|---|
| 69 | required to add the installation path to $PATH, i.e. for example, |
|---|
| 70 | for release 1.2.1 of PI: |
|---|
| 71 | |
|---|
| 72 | setenv PATH ${PATH}:$MYPI/1.2.1/app/releases/PI/PI_1_2_1/rh73_gcc32/bin |
|---|
| 73 | |
|---|
| 74 | CERN users can use the PATH to the LCG area on AFS. |
|---|
| 75 | |
|---|
| 76 | Before compilation of the example it is optimal to clean up old |
|---|
| 77 | files: |
|---|
| 78 | |
|---|
| 79 | gmake histclean |
|---|
| 80 | setenv G4ANALYSIS_USE 1 |
|---|
| 81 | gmake |
|---|
| 82 | |
|---|
| 83 | Before running the example the command should be issued: |
|---|
| 84 | |
|---|
| 85 | eval `aida-config --runtime csh` |
|---|
| 86 | |
|---|
| 87 | It is possible to choose the format of the output file with |
|---|
| 88 | histograms using UI command: |
|---|
| 89 | |
|---|
| 90 | /testem/histoName type |
|---|
| 91 | /testem/histoType type |
|---|
| 92 | |
|---|
| 93 | The following types are available: hbook, root, xml. |
|---|
| 94 | |
|---|
