source: trunk/source/materials/include/G4Material.hh @ 850

Last change on this file since 850 was 850, checked in by garnier, 16 years ago

geant4.8.2 beta
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26//
27// $Id: G4Material.hh,v 1.26 2008/08/13 16:06:42 vnivanch Exp $
28// GEANT4 tag $Name: HEAD $
29//
30
31// class description
32//
33// Materials defined via the G4Material class are used to define the
34// composition of Geant volumes.
35// a Material is always made of Elements. It can be defined directly
36// from scratch (defined by an implicit, single element), specifying :
37//                                             its name,
38//                                             density,
39//                                             state informations,
40//                                            and Z,A of the underlying Element.
41//
42// or in terms of a collection of constituent Elements with specified weights
43// (composition specified either by fractional mass or atom counts).
44//
45// Quantities, with physical meaning or not, which are constant in a given
46// material are computed and stored here as Derived data members.
47//
48// The class contains as a private static member the Table of defined
49// materials (an ordered vector of materials).
50//
51
52//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
53
54// 10-07-96, new data members added by L.Urban
55// 12-12-96, new data members added by L.Urban
56// 20-01-97, aesthetic rearrangement. RadLength calculation modified
57//           Data members Zeff and Aeff REMOVED (i.e. passed to the Elements).
58//           (local definition of Zeff in DensityEffect and FluctModel...)
59//           Vacuum defined as a G4State. Mixture flag removed, M.Maire 
60// 29-01-97, State=Vacuum automatically set density=0 in the contructors.
61//           Subsequent protections have been put in the calculation of
62//           MeanExcEnergy, ShellCorrectionVector, DensityEffect, M.Maire
63// 20-03-97, corrected initialization of pointers, M.Maire
64// 10-06-97, new data member added by V.Grichine (fSandiaPhotoAbsCof)
65// 27-06-97, new function GetElement(int), M.Maire
66// 24-02-98, fFractionVector become fMassFractionVector
67// 28-05-98, kState=kVacuum removed:
68//           The vacuum is an ordinary gas vith very low density, M.Maire
69// 12-06-98, new method AddMaterial() allowing mixture of materials, M.Maire
70// 09-07-98, Ionisation parameters removed from the class, M.Maire
71// 04-08-98, new method GetMaterial(materialName), M.Maire
72// 05-10-98, change name: NumDensity -> NbOfAtomsPerVolume
73// 18-11-98, SandiaTable interface modified.
74// 19-07-99, new data member (chemicalFormula) added by V.Ivanchenko
75// 12-03-01, G4bool fImplicitElement (mma)
76// 30-03-01, suppression of the warning message in GetMaterial
77// 17-07-01, migration to STL. M. Verderi.
78// 14-09-01, Suppression of the data member fIndexInTable
79// 31-10-01, new function SetChemicalFormula() (mma)
80// 26-02-02, fIndexInTable renewed
81// 06-08-02, remove constructors with ChemicalFormula (mma)
82// 15-11-05, GetMaterial(materialName, G4bool warning=true)
83
84//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
85
86#ifndef G4MATERIAL_HH
87#define G4MATERIAL_HH
88
89#include "globals.hh"
90#include "G4ios.hh"
91#include <vector>
92#include "G4Element.hh"
93#include "G4MaterialPropertiesTable.hh"
94#include "G4IonisParamMat.hh"
95#include "G4SandiaTable.hh"
96#include "G4ElementVector.hh"
97#include "G4MaterialTable.hh"
98
99enum G4State { kStateUndefined, kStateSolid, kStateLiquid, kStateGas };
100
101//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
102
103class G4Material
104{
105public:  // with description
106
107  //
108  // Constructor to create a material from scratch.
109  //
110  G4Material(const G4String& name,                              //its name
111                   G4double  z,                                 //atomic number
112                   G4double  a,                                 //mass of mole
113                   G4double  density,                           //density
114                   G4State   state    = kStateUndefined,        //solid,gas
115                   G4double  temp     = STP_Temperature,        //temperature
116                   G4double  pressure = STP_Pressure);          //pressure
117
118  //
119  // Constructor to create a material from a combination of elements
120  // and/or materials subsequently added via AddElement and/or AddMaterial
121  //
122  G4Material(const G4String& name,                              //its name
123                   G4double  density,                           //density
124                   G4int     nComponents,                       //nbOfComponents
125                   G4State   state    = kStateUndefined,        //solid,gas
126                   G4double  temp     = STP_Temperature,        //temperature
127                   G4double  pressure = STP_Pressure);          //pressure
128
129  //
130  // Add an element, giving number of atoms
131  //
132  void AddElement(G4Element* element,                           //the element
133                  G4int      nAtoms);                           //nb of atoms in
134                                                                // a molecule
135  //
136  // Add an element or material, giving fraction of mass
137  //
138  void AddElement (G4Element* element ,                         //the element
139                   G4double   fraction);                        //fractionOfMass
140                     
141  void AddMaterial(G4Material* material,                        //the material
142                   G4double   fraction);                        //fractionOfMass
143                     
144                     
145  virtual ~G4Material();
146 
147  void SetChemicalFormula(const G4String& chF) {fChemicalFormula=chF;};
148                         
149  //
150  // retrieval methods
151  //
152  G4String GetName()            const {return fName;};
153  G4String GetChemicalFormula() const {return fChemicalFormula;};
154  G4double GetDensity()         const {return fDensity;};
155
156  G4State  GetState()       const {return fState;};
157  G4double GetTemperature() const {return fTemp;};
158  G4double GetPressure()    const {return fPressure;};
159   
160  //number of elements constituing this material:   
161  size_t GetNumberOfElements()         const {return fNumberOfElements;};
162   
163  //vector of pointers to elements constituing this material:         
164  const
165  G4ElementVector* GetElementVector()  const {return theElementVector;};
166 
167  //vector of fractional mass of each element:
168  const  G4double* GetFractionVector() const {return fMassFractionVector;};
169   
170  //vector of atom count of each element:
171  const  G4int*    GetAtomsVector()    const {return fAtomsVector;};
172
173  //return a pointer to an element, given its index in the material:
174  const 
175  G4Element* GetElement(G4int iel) const {return (*theElementVector)[iel];};
176 
177  //vector of nb of atoms per volume of each element in this material:
178  const
179  G4double* GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume() const {return VecNbOfAtomsPerVolume;};
180  //total number of atoms per volume:
181  G4double  GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume() const {return TotNbOfAtomsPerVolume;};
182  //total number of electrons per volume:
183  G4double  GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume() const {return TotNbOfElectPerVolume;};
184
185  //obsolete names (5-10-98) see the 2 functions above
186  const
187  G4double* GetAtomicNumDensityVector() const {return VecNbOfAtomsPerVolume;};
188  G4double  GetElectronDensity()        const {return TotNbOfElectPerVolume;};
189   
190  // Radiation length:     
191  G4double         GetRadlen()          const {return fRadlen;};
192   
193  // Nuclear interaction length:     
194  G4double GetNuclearInterLength()      const {return fNuclInterLen;};
195       
196  // ionisation parameters:
197  G4IonisParamMat* GetIonisation()      const {return fIonisation;};
198 
199  // Sandia table:
200  G4SandiaTable*   GetSandiaTable()     const {return fSandiaTable;};
201 
202  //meaningful only for single material:
203  G4double GetZ() const;
204  G4double GetA() const;
205 
206  //the MaterialPropertiesTable (if any) attached to this material:
207  void SetMaterialPropertiesTable(G4MaterialPropertiesTable* anMPT)
208                                     {fMaterialPropertiesTable = anMPT;};
209                                       
210  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* GetMaterialPropertiesTable() const
211                                     {return fMaterialPropertiesTable;};
212
213  //the (static) Table of Materials:
214  //
215  static
216  const G4MaterialTable* GetMaterialTable();
217     
218  static
219  size_t GetNumberOfMaterials();
220 
221  //the index of this material in the Table:   
222  size_t GetIndex() const {return fIndexInTable;};
223   
224  //return  pointer to a material, given its name:   
225  static  G4Material* GetMaterial(G4String name, G4bool warning=true);
226 
227  //
228  //printing methods
229  //
230  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, G4Material*);   
231  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, G4Material&);   
232  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, G4MaterialTable);
233   
234public:  // without description
235       
236  G4int operator==(const G4Material&) const;
237  G4int operator!=(const G4Material&) const;
238  G4Material(__void__&);
239    // Fake default constructor for usage restricted to direct object
240    // persistency for clients requiring preallocation of memory for
241    // persistifiable objects.
242
243private:
244
245  G4Material(const G4Material&);
246  const G4Material& operator=(const G4Material&);
247
248  void InitializePointers();
249   
250  // Header routine for all derived quantities
251  void ComputeDerivedQuantities();
252
253  // Compute Radiation length
254  void ComputeRadiationLength();
255 
256  // Compute Nuclear interaction length
257  void ComputeNuclearInterLength();
258   
259private:
260
261  //
262  // Basic data members ( To define a material)
263  //
264
265  G4String         fName;                 // Material name
266  G4String         fChemicalFormula;      // Material chemical formula
267  G4double         fDensity;              // Material density
268 
269  G4State          fState;                // Material state (determined
270                                          // internally based on density)
271  G4double         fTemp;                 // Temperature (defaults: STP)
272  G4double         fPressure;             // Pressure    (defaults: STP)
273
274  G4int            maxNbComponents;       // totalNbOfComponentsInTheMaterial
275  G4int            fArrayLength;          // the length of FAtomVector
276  size_t           fNumberOfComponents;   // Nb of components declared so far
277
278  size_t           fNumberOfElements;     // Nb of Elements in the material
279  G4ElementVector* theElementVector;      // vector of constituent Elements
280  G4bool           fImplicitElement;      // implicit Element created by this?
281  G4double*        fMassFractionVector;   // composition by fractional mass
282  G4int*           fAtomsVector;          // composition by atom count
283
284  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* fMaterialPropertiesTable;
285
286  static
287  G4MaterialTable theMaterialTable;       // the material table
288  size_t fIndexInTable;                   // the position in the table
289
290  //
291  // Derived data members (computed from the basic data members)
292  //
293  // some general atomic properties
294   
295  G4double* VecNbOfAtomsPerVolume;        // vector of nb of atoms per volume
296  G4double  TotNbOfAtomsPerVolume;        // total nb of atoms per volume
297  G4double  TotNbOfElectPerVolume;        // total nb of electrons per volume
298  G4double  fRadlen;                      // Radiation length
299  G4double  fNuclInterLen;                // Nuclear interaction length 
300 
301  G4IonisParamMat* fIonisation;           // ionisation parameters
302  G4SandiaTable*   fSandiaTable;          // Sandia table         
303};
304
305//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
306
307inline
308G4double G4Material::GetZ() const
309{ 
310  if (fNumberOfElements > 1) {
311     G4cerr << "WARNING in GetZ. The material: " << fName << " is a mixture."
312            << G4endl;
313     G4Exception ( " the Atomic number is not well defined." );
314  } 
315  return (*theElementVector)[0]->GetZ();     
316}
317
318//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
319
320inline
321G4double G4Material::GetA() const
322{ 
323  if (fNumberOfElements > 1) { 
324     G4cerr << "WARNING in GetA. The material: " << fName << " is a mixture."
325            << G4endl;
326     G4Exception ( " the Atomic mass is not well defined." );
327  } 
328  return  (*theElementVector)[0]->GetA();     
329}
330
331//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
332
333#endif
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