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Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * // * * // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * // ******************************************************************** // // // $Id: G4NucleiProperties.cc,v 1.13 2007/09/14 07:04:09 kurasige Exp $ // GEANT4 tag $Name: HEAD $ // // // ------------------------------------------------------------ // GEANT 4 class header file // // ------------------------------------------------------------ // // Hadronic Process: Nuclear De-excitations // by V. Lara (Oct 1998) // Migrate into particles category by H.Kurashige (17 Nov. 98) // Added Shell-Pairing corrections to the Cameron mass // excess formula by V.Lara (9 May 99) #include "G4NucleiProperties.hh" G4double G4NucleiProperties::AtomicMass(G4double A, G4double Z) { const G4double hydrogen_mass_excess = G4NucleiPropertiesTable::GetMassExcess(1,1); const G4double neutron_mass_excess = G4NucleiPropertiesTable::GetMassExcess(0,1); G4double mass = (A-Z)*neutron_mass_excess + Z*hydrogen_mass_excess - BindingEnergy(A,Z) + A*amu_c2; return mass; } G4double G4NucleiProperties::BindingEnergy(G4double A, G4double Z) { // // Weitzsaecker's Mass formula // G4int Npairing = G4int(A-Z)%2; // pairing G4int Zpairing = G4int(Z)%2; G4double binding = - 15.67*A // nuclear volume + 17.23*std::pow(A,2./3.) // surface energy + 93.15*((A/2.-Z)*(A/2.-Z))/A // asymmetry + 0.6984523*Z*Z*std::pow(A,-1./3.); // coulomb if( Npairing == Zpairing ) binding += (Npairing+Zpairing-1) * 12.0 / std::sqrt(A); // pairing return -binding*MeV; } G4double G4NucleiProperties::GetNuclearMass(const G4double A, const G4double Z) { if (A < 1 || Z < 0 || Z > A) { #ifdef G4VERBOSE if (G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetVerboseLevel()>0) { G4cout << "G4NucleiProperties::GetNuclearMass: Wrong values for A = " << A << " and Z = " << Z << G4endl; } #endif return 0.0; } else { G4ParticleDefinition * nucleus = 0; if ( (Z<=2) ) { if ( (Z==1)&&(A==1) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("proton"); // proton } else if ( (Z==0)&&(A==1) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("neutron"); // neutron } else if ( (Z==1)&&(A==2) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("deuteron"); // deuteron } else if ( (Z==1)&&(A==3) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("triton"); // triton } else if ( (Z==2)&&(A==4) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("alpha"); // alpha } else if ( (Z==2)&&(A==3) ) { nucleus = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("He3"); // He3 } } if (nucleus!=0) { return nucleus->GetPDGMass(); }else { return GetAtomicMass(A,Z) - Z*electron_mass_c2 + 1.433e-5*MeV*std::pow(Z,2.39); } } } // G4double G4NucleiProperties::CameronMassExcess(const G4int A, const G4int Z) // { // const G4double alpha = -17.0354*MeV; // const G4double beta = -31.4506*MeV; // const G4double phi = 44.2355*MeV; // const G4double gamma = 25.8357*MeV; // // const G4double A13 = std::pow(G4double(A),1.0/3.0); // const G4double A23 = A13*A13; // const G4double A43 = A23*A23; // const G4double Z43 = std::pow(G4double(Z),4.0/3.0); // G4double D = (G4double(A) - 2.0*G4double(Z))/G4double(A); // D *= D; // D = std::pow((A-2Z)/A,2) // // // // Surface term // G4double SurfaceEnergy = (gamma - phi*D)*(1.0 - 0.62025/A23)*(1.0 - 0.62025/A23)*A23; // // // Coulomb term // G4double CoulombEnergy = 0.779*MeV*(G4double(Z*(Z-1))/A13)*(1.0-1.5849/A23+1.2273/A+1.5772/A43); // // // Exchange term // G4double ExchangeEnergy = -0.4323*MeV*(Z43/A13)*(1.0-0.57811/A13-0.14518/A23+0.49597/A); // // // Volume term // G4double VolumeEnergy = G4double(A)*(alpha-beta*D); // // // Shell+Pairing corrections for protons // G4double SPcorrectionZ; // if (Z <= TableSize) SPcorrectionZ = SPZTable[Z-1]*MeV; // else SPcorrectionZ = 0.0; // // // Shell+Pairing corrections for protons // G4int N = A - Z; // G4double SPcorrectionN; // if (N <= TableSize) SPcorrectionN = SPNTable[N-1]*MeV; // else SPcorrectionN = 0.0; // // // // Mass Excess // // First two terms give the mass excess of the neutrons and protons in the nucleus // // (see Cameron, Canadian Journal of Physics, 35, 1957 page 1022) // G4double MassExcess = 8.367*MeV*A - 0.783*MeV*Z + // SurfaceEnergy + CoulombEnergy + ExchangeEnergy + VolumeEnergy + // SPcorrectionZ + SPcorrectionN; // // return MassExcess; // } // S(Z)+P(Z) from Tab. 1 from A.G.W. Cameron, Canad. J. Phys., 35(1957)1021 // or Delta M(Z) from Tab. 97 of book [1] // const G4double G4NucleiProperties::SPZTable[TableSize] = { // 20.80, 15.80, 21.00, 16.80, 19.80, 16.50, 18.80, 16.50, 18.50, 17.20, // 1 - 10 // 18.26, 15.05, 16.01, 12.04, 13.27, 11.09, 12.17, 10.26, 11.04, 8.41, // 11 - 20 // 9.79, 7.36, 8.15, 5.63, 5.88, 3.17, 3.32, .82, 1.83, .97, // 21 - 30 // 2.33, 1.27, 2.92, 1.61, 2.91, 1.35, 2.40, .89, 1.74, .36, // 31 // 0.95, -0.65, -0.04, -1.73, -0.96, -2.87, -2.05, -4.05, -3.40, -5.72, // 41 // -3.75, -4.13, -2.42, -2.85, -1.01, -1.33, 0.54, -0.02, 1.74, 0.75, // 51 // 2.24, 1.00, 1.98, 0.79, 1.54, 0.39, 1.08, 0.00, 0.78, -0.35, // 61 // 0.58, -0.55, 0.59, -0.61, 0.59, -0.35, 0.32, -0.96, -0.52, -2.08, // 71 // -2.46, -3.64, -1.55, -0.96, 0.97, 0.88, 2.37, 1.75, 2.72, 1.90, // 81 // 2.55, 1.46, 1.93, 0.86, 1.17, 0.08, 0.39, -0.76, -0.39, -1.51, // 91 - 100 // -1.17, -2.36, -1.95, -3.06, -2.62, -3.55, -2.95, -3.75, -3.07, -3.79, // 101 - 110 // -3.06, -3.77, -3.05, -3.78, -3.12, -3.90, -3.35, -4.24, -3.86, -4.92, // 111 - 120 // -5.06, -6.77, -7.41, -9.18,-10.16,-11.12, -9.76, -9.23, -7.96, -7.65, // 121 - 130 // // --------- from this point there are not tabulated values ----------------------- // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 131 - 140 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 141 - 150 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 151 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 161 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 171 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, // 181 // 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 // 191 - 200 // }; // S(N)+P(N) from Tab. 1 from A.G.W. Cameron, Canad. J. Phys., 35(1957)1021 // or Delta M(N) from Tab. 97 of book [1] // const G4double G4NucleiProperties::SPNTable[TableSize] = { // -8.40,-12.90, -8.00, 11.90, -9.20,-12.50,-10.80,-13.60,-11.20,-12.20, // 1 - 10 // -12.81,-15.40,-13.07,-15.80,-13.81,-14.98,-12.63,-13.76,-11.37,-12.38, // 11 - 20 // -9.23, -9.65, -7.64, -9.17, -8.05, -9.72, -8.87,-10.76, -8.64, -8.89, // 21 - 30 // -6.60, -7.13, -4.77, -5.33, -3.06, -3.79, -1.72, -2.79, -0.93, -2.19, // 31 // -0.52, -1.90, -0.45, -2.20, -1.22, -3.07, -2.42, -4.37, -3.94, -6.08, // 41 // -4.49, -4.50, -3.14, -2.93, -1.04, -1.36, 0.69, 0.21, 2.11, 1.33, // 51 // 3.29, 2.46, 4.30, 3.32, 4.79, 3.62, 4.97, 3.64, 4.63, 3.07, // 61 // 4.06, 2.49, 3.30, 1.46, 2.06, 0.51, 0.74, -1.18, -1.26, -3.54, // 71 // -3.97, -5.26, -4.18, -3.71, -2.10, -1.70, -0.08, -0.18, 0.94, 0.27, // 81 // 1.13, 0.08, 0.91, -0.31, 0.49, -0.78, 0.08, -1.15, -0.23, -1.41, // 91 - 100 // -0.42, -1.55, -0.55, -1.66, -0.66, -1.73, -0.75, -1.74, -0.78, -1.69, // 101 - 110 // -0.78, -1.60, -0.75, -1.46, -0.67, -1.26, -0.51, -1.04, -0.53, -1.84, // 111 - 120 // -2.42, -4.52, -4.76, -6.33, -6.76, -7.81, -5.80, -5.37, -3.63, -3.35, // 121 - 130 // -1.75, -1.88, -0.61, -0.90, 0.09, -0.32, 0.55, -0.13, 0.70, -0.06, // 131 - 140 // 0.49, -0.20, 0.40, -0.22, 0.36, -0.09, 0.58, 0.12, 0.75, 0.15, // 141 - 150 // 0.70, 0.17, 1.11, 0.89, 1.85, 1.62, 2.54, 2.29, 3.20, 2.91, // 151 // 3.84, 3.53, 4.48, 4.15, 5.12, 4.78, 5.75, 5.39, 6.31, 5.91, // 161 // 6.87, 6.33, 7.13, 6.61, 7.30, 6.31, 6.27, 4.83, 4.49, 2.85, // 171 // 2.32, 0.58, -0.11, -0.98, 0.81, 1.77, 3.37, 4.13, 5.60, 6.15, // 181 // 7.29, 7.35, 7.95, 7.67, 8.16, 7.83, 8.31, 8.01, 8.53, 8.27 // 191 - 200 // }; G4double G4NucleiProperties::GetMassExcess(const G4int A, const G4int Z) { if (A < 1 || Z < 0 || Z > A) { #ifdef G4VERBOSE if (G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetVerboseLevel()>0) { G4cout << "G4NucleiProperties::GetMassExccess: Wrong values for A = " << A << " and Z = " << Z << G4endl; } #endif return 0.0; } else { if (G4NucleiPropertiesTable::IsInTable(Z,A)){ return G4NucleiPropertiesTable::GetMassExcess(Z,A); } else if (G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::IsInTable(Z,A)){ return G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::GetMassExcess(Z,A); } else { return MassExcess(A,Z); } } } G4double G4NucleiProperties::GetAtomicMass(const G4double A, const G4double Z) { if (Z < 0 || Z > A) { #ifdef G4VERBOSE if (G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetVerboseLevel()>0) { G4cout << "G4NucleiProperties::GetAtomicMass: Wrong values for A = " << A << " and Z = " << Z << G4endl; } #endif return 0.0; } else if (std::abs(A - G4int(A)) > 1.e-10) { return AtomicMass(A,Z); } else { G4int iA = G4int(A); G4int iZ = G4int(Z); if (G4NucleiPropertiesTable::IsInTable(iZ,iA)) { return G4NucleiPropertiesTable::GetAtomicMass(iZ,iA); } else if (G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::IsInTable(iZ,iA)){ return G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::GetAtomicMass(iZ,iA); } else { return AtomicMass(A,Z); } } } G4double G4NucleiProperties::GetBindingEnergy(const G4int A, const G4int Z) { if (A < 1 || Z < 0 || Z > A) { #ifdef G4VERBOSE if (G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetVerboseLevel()>0) { G4cout << "G4NucleiProperties::GetMassExccess: Wrong values for A = " << A << " and Z = " << Z << G4endl; } #endif return 0.0; } else { if (G4NucleiPropertiesTable::IsInTable(Z,A)) { return G4NucleiPropertiesTable::GetBindingEnergy(Z,A); } else if (G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::IsInTable(Z,A)) { return G4NucleiPropertiesTheoreticalTable::GetBindingEnergy(Z,A); }else { return BindingEnergy(A,Z); } } } G4double G4NucleiProperties::MassExcess(G4double A, G4double Z) { return GetAtomicMass(A,Z) - A*amu_c2; }