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// $Id: G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel.cc,v 1.3 2009/02/16 11:00:11 sincerti Exp $
// GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-02-ref-02 $
//

#include "G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel.hh"

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using namespace std;

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G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel(const G4ParticleDefinition*,
                                             const G4String& nam)
:G4VEmModel(nam),isInitialised(false)
{

  verboseLevel= 0;
  // Verbosity scale:
  // 0 = nothing 
  // 1 = warning for energy non-conservation 
  // 2 = details of energy budget
  // 3 = calculation of cross sections, file openings, sampling of atoms
  // 4 = entering in methods
  
  G4cout << "Dingfelder charge decrease model is constructed " << G4endl;

}

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G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::~G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel()
{}

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void G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Initialise(const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
                                       const G4DataVector& /*cuts*/)
{

  if (verboseLevel > 3)
    G4cout << "Calling G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Initialise()" << G4endl;

  // Energy limits
  
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager *instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();
  G4ParticleDefinition* protonDef = G4Proton::ProtonDefinition();
  G4ParticleDefinition* alphaPlusPlusDef = instance->GetIon("alpha++");
  G4ParticleDefinition* alphaPlusDef = instance->GetIon("alpha+");

  G4String proton;
  G4String alphaPlusPlus;
  G4String alphaPlus;

  if (protonDef != 0)
  {
    proton = protonDef->GetParticleName();
    lowEnergyLimit[proton] = 1. * keV;
    highEnergyLimit[proton] = 10. * MeV;
  }
  else
  {
    G4Exception("G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Initialise: proton is not defined");
  }

  if (alphaPlusPlusDef != 0)
  {
    alphaPlusPlus = alphaPlusPlusDef->GetParticleName();
    lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlusPlus] = 1. * keV;
    highEnergyLimit[alphaPlusPlus] = 10. * MeV;
  }
  else
  {
    G4Exception("G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Initialise: alphaPlusPlus is not defined");
  }

  if (alphaPlusDef != 0)
  {
    alphaPlus = alphaPlusDef->GetParticleName();
    lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlus] = 1. * keV;
    highEnergyLimit[alphaPlus] = 10. * MeV;
  }
  else
  {
    G4Exception("G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Initialise: alphaPlus is not defined");
  }

  if (particle==protonDef) 
  {
    SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[proton]);
    SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[proton]);
  }

  if (particle==alphaPlusPlusDef) 
  {
    SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlusPlus]);
    SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[alphaPlusPlus]);
  }

  if (particle==alphaPlusDef) 
  {
    SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlus]);
    SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[alphaPlus]);
  }

  // Final state
  
    //PROTON
  f0[0][0]=1.;
  a0[0][0]=-0.180;
  a1[0][0]=-3.600;
  b0[0][0]=-18.22;
  b1[0][0]=-1.997;
  c0[0][0]=0.215;
  d0[0][0]=3.550;
  x0[0][0]=3.450;
  x1[0][0]=5.251;

  numberOfPartialCrossSections[0] = 1;

  //ALPHA++
  f0[0][1]=1.;  a0[0][1]=0.95;
  a1[0][1]=-2.75;
  b0[0][1]=-23.00;
  c0[0][1]=0.215;
  d0[0][1]=2.95;
  x0[0][1]=3.50;

  f0[1][1]=1.;
  a0[1][1]=0.95;
  a1[1][1]=-2.75;
  b0[1][1]=-23.73;
  c0[1][1]=0.250;
  d0[1][1]=3.55;
  x0[1][1]=3.72;

  x1[0][1]=-1.;
  b1[0][1]=-1.;

  x1[1][1]=-1.;
  b1[1][1]=-1.;  
 
  numberOfPartialCrossSections[1] = 2;

  // ALPHA+
  f0[0][2]=1.;
  a0[0][2]=0.65;
  a1[0][2]=-2.75;
  b0[0][2]=-21.81;
  c0[0][2]=0.232;
  d0[0][2]=2.95;
  x0[0][2]=3.53;

  x1[0][2]=-1.;
  b1[0][2]=-1.;
 
  numberOfPartialCrossSections[2] = 1;

  //
  
  G4cout << "Dingfelder charge decrease model is initialized " << G4endl
         << "Energy range: "
         << LowEnergyLimit() / keV << " keV - "
         << HighEnergyLimit() / MeV << " MeV for "
         << particle->GetParticleName()
         << G4endl;

  if(!isInitialised) 
  {
    isInitialised = true;
  
    if(pParticleChange)
      fParticleChangeForGamma = reinterpret_cast<G4ParticleChangeForGamma*>(pParticleChange);
    else
      fParticleChangeForGamma = new G4ParticleChangeForGamma();
  }    

  // InitialiseElementSelectors(particle,cuts);
  
  // Test if water material

  flagMaterialIsWater= false;
  densityWater = 0;

  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable = G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();

  if(theCoupleTable) 
  {
    G4int numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
  
    if(numOfCouples>0) 
    {
	  for (G4int i=0; i<numOfCouples; i++) 
	  {
	    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(i);
	    const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();

            size_t j = material->GetNumberOfElements();
            while (j>0)
            {
               j--;
               const G4Element* element(material->GetElement(j));
               if (element->GetZ() == 8.)
	       {
	          G4double density = material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector()[j];
                  if (density > 0.) 
		  { 
		    flagMaterialIsWater = true; 
		    densityWater = density; 
		    
		    if (verboseLevel > 3) 
                    G4cout << "Water material is found with density(cm^-3)=" << density/(cm*cm*cm) << G4endl;
		  }
	       }
            }
  
          }
   } // if(numOfCouples>0)

  } // if (theCoupleTable)

}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(const G4Material*,
					   const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition,
					   G4double k,
					   G4double,
					   G4double)
{
  if (verboseLevel > 3)
    G4cout << "Calling CrossSectionPerVolume() of G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel" << G4endl;

 // Calculate total cross section for model

  G4DNAGenericIonsManager *instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();

  if (
      particleDefinition != G4Proton::ProtonDefinition()
      &&
      particleDefinition != instance->GetIon("alpha++")
      &&
      particleDefinition != instance->GetIon("alpha+")
     )
   	    
    return 0;

  G4double lowLim = 0;
  G4double highLim = 0;
  G4double crossSection = 0.;

  if (flagMaterialIsWater)
  {
    const G4String& particleName = particleDefinition->GetParticleName();

    std::map< G4String,G4double,std::less<G4String> >::iterator pos1;
    pos1 = lowEnergyLimit.find(particleName);

    if (pos1 != lowEnergyLimit.end())
    {
      lowLim = pos1->second;
    }

    std::map< G4String,G4double,std::less<G4String> >::iterator pos2;
    pos2 = highEnergyLimit.find(particleName);

    if (pos2 != highEnergyLimit.end())
    {
      highLim = pos2->second;
    }

    if (k >= lowLim && k < highLim)
    {
      crossSection = Sum(k,particleDefinition);
    }
 
    if (verboseLevel > 3)
    {
      G4cout << "---> Kinetic energy(eV)=" << k/eV << G4endl;
      G4cout << " - Cross section per water molecule (cm^2)=" << crossSection/cm/cm << G4endl;
      G4cout << " - Cross section per water molecule (cm^-1)=" << crossSection*densityWater/(1./cm) << G4endl;
    } 

  } // if (flagMaterialIsWater)

 return crossSection*densityWater;		   

}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....

void G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::SampleSecondaries(std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* fvect,
					      const G4MaterialCutsCouple* /*couple*/,
					      const G4DynamicParticle* aDynamicParticle,
					      G4double,
					      G4double)
{
  if (verboseLevel > 3)
    G4cout << "Calling SampleSecondaries() of G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel" << G4endl;

  G4double inK = aDynamicParticle->GetKineticEnergy();
  
  G4ParticleDefinition* definition = aDynamicParticle->GetDefinition();

  G4int finalStateIndex = RandomSelect(inK,definition);
 
  G4int n = NumberOfFinalStates(definition, finalStateIndex);
  G4double waterBindingEnergy = WaterBindingEnergyConstant(definition, finalStateIndex);
  G4double outgoingParticleBindingEnergy = OutgoingParticleBindingEnergyConstant(definition, finalStateIndex);
  
  G4double outK = 0.;
  if (definition==G4Proton::Proton())
    outK = inK - n*(inK*electron_mass_c2/proton_mass_c2) - waterBindingEnergy + outgoingParticleBindingEnergy;
  else
    outK = inK - n*(inK*electron_mass_c2/(3728*MeV)) - waterBindingEnergy + outgoingParticleBindingEnergy;
  
  if (outK<0)
  {
    G4String message;
    message="G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::SampleSecondaries: final kinetic energy is below 0! Process ";
    G4Exception(message);
  }
  
  fParticleChangeForGamma->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill);
  fParticleChangeForGamma->ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(waterBindingEnergy);
  
  G4DynamicParticle* dp = new G4DynamicParticle (OutgoingParticleDefinition(definition, finalStateIndex), 
							aDynamicParticle->GetMomentumDirection(), 
							outK) ;
  fvect->push_back(dp);

}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4int G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::NumberOfFinalStates(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition, 
						      G4int finalStateIndex )
  
{
  if (particleDefinition == G4Proton::Proton()) return 1;
  
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager*instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();
  
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++") ) 
  {
    if (finalStateIndex==0)  return 1;
    return 2;   
  }
  
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+") ) return 1;
  
  return 0;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4ParticleDefinition* G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::OutgoingParticleDefinition (G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition, 
									      G4int finalStateIndex) 
{
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager * instance(G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance());
  
  if (particleDefinition == G4Proton::Proton()) return instance->GetIon("hydrogen"); 
  
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++") ) 
  {
    if (finalStateIndex == 0) return instance->GetIon("alpha+"); 
    return instance->GetIon("helium");    
  }
  
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+") ) return instance->GetIon("helium");    
  
  return 0;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::WaterBindingEnergyConstant(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition, 
								G4int finalStateIndex )
{
  // Ionization energy of first water shell
  // Rad. Phys. Chem. 59 p.267 by Dingf. et al.
  // W + 10.79 eV -> W+ + e-
  
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager * instance(G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance());
  
  if(particleDefinition == G4Proton::Proton()) return 10.79*eV;

  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++") ) 
  {
      // Binding energy for    W+ -> W++ + e-    10.79 eV
      // Binding energy for    W  -> W+  + e-    10.79 eV
      //
      // Ionization energy of first water shell
      // Rad. Phys. Chem. 59 p.267 by Dingf. et al.

      if (finalStateIndex == 0) return 10.79*eV;
  
      return 10.79*2*eV;
  }

  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+") ) 
  {
      // Binding energy for    W+ -> W++ + e-    10.79 eV
      // Binding energy for    W  -> W+  + e-    10.79 eV
      //
      // Ionization energy of first water shell
      // Rad. Phys. Chem. 59 p.267 by Dingf. et al.

      return 10.79*eV;
  }
  
  return 0;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::OutgoingParticleBindingEnergyConstant(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition, 
									   G4int finalStateIndex)
{
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager * instance(G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance());
  
  if(particleDefinition == G4Proton::Proton()) return 13.6*eV;

  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++") ) 
  {
      // Binding energy for    He+ -> He++ + e-    54.509 eV
      // Binding energy for    He  -> He+  + e-    24.587 eV

      if (finalStateIndex==0)	return 54.509*eV;
      
      return (54.509 + 24.587)*eV;
  }
  
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+") ) 
  {
      // Binding energy for    He+ -> He++ + e-    54.509 eV
      // Binding energy for    He  -> He+  + e-    24.587 eV
      
      return 24.587*eV;
  }  
  
  return 0;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::PartialCrossSection(G4double k, G4int index, 
							   const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
{
  G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager* instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();

  if (particleDefinition == G4Proton::ProtonDefinition()) particleTypeIndex=0;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++")) particleTypeIndex=1;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+")) particleTypeIndex=2;

  //
  // sigma(T) = f0 10 ^ y(log10(T/eV))
  //
  //         /  a0 x + b0                    x < x0
  //         |
  // y(x) = <   a0 x + b0 - c0 (x - x0)^d0   x0 <= x < x1
  //         |
  //         \  a1 x + b1                    x >= x1
  //
  //
  // f0, a0, a1, b0, b1, c0, d0, x0, x1 are parameters that change for protons and helium (0, +, ++)
  //
  // f0 has been added to the code in order to manage partial (shell-dependent) cross sections (if no shell dependence is present. f0=1. Sum of f0 over the considered shells should give 1)
  //
  // From Rad. Phys. and Chem. 59 (2000) 255-275, M. Dingfelder et al.
  // Inelastic-collision cross sections of liquid water for interactions of energetic proton
  //
  
  if (x1[index][particleTypeIndex]<x0[index][particleTypeIndex])
  {
      //
      // if x1 < x0 means that x1 and b1 will be calculated with the following formula (this piece of code is run on all alphas and not on protons)
      //
      // x1 = x0 + ((a0 - a1)/(c0 * d0)) ^ (1 / (d0 - 1))
      //
      // b1 = (a0 - a1) * x1 + b0 - c0 * (x1 - x0) ^ d0
      //
 
      x1[index][particleTypeIndex]=x0[index][particleTypeIndex] + std::pow((a0[index][particleTypeIndex] - a1[index][particleTypeIndex]) 
									   / (c0[index][particleTypeIndex] * d0[index][particleTypeIndex]), 1. / (d0[index][particleTypeIndex] - 1.));
      b1[index][particleTypeIndex]=(a0[index][particleTypeIndex] - a1[index][particleTypeIndex]) * x1[index][particleTypeIndex] 
	+ b0[index][particleTypeIndex] - c0[index][particleTypeIndex] * std::pow(x1[index][particleTypeIndex] 
										 - x0[index][particleTypeIndex], d0[index][particleTypeIndex]);
  }

  G4double x(std::log10(k/eV));
  G4double y;
  
  if (x<x0[index][particleTypeIndex])
    y=a0[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b0[index][particleTypeIndex];
  else if (x<x1[index][particleTypeIndex])
    y=a0[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b0[index][particleTypeIndex] - c0[index][particleTypeIndex] 
      * std::pow(x - x0[index][particleTypeIndex], d0[index][particleTypeIndex]);
  else
    y=a1[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b1[index][particleTypeIndex];

  return f0[index][particleTypeIndex] * std::pow(10., y)*m*m;
  
}

G4int G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::RandomSelect(G4double k, 
							const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
{
  G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager *instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();

  if (particleDefinition == G4Proton::ProtonDefinition()) particleTypeIndex = 0;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++")) particleTypeIndex = 1;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+")) particleTypeIndex = 2;

  const G4int n = numberOfPartialCrossSections[particleTypeIndex];
  G4double* values(new G4double[n]);
  G4double value(0);
  G4int i = n;
  
  while (i>0)
  {
      i--;
      values[i]=PartialCrossSection(k, i, particleDefinition);
      value+=values[i];
  }
  
  value*=G4UniformRand();
  
  i=n;
  while (i>0)
  {
      i--;
   
      if (values[i]>value)
	break;
  
      value-=values[i];
  }
  
  delete[] values;
  
  return i;
}

//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......

G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeDecreaseModel::Sum(G4double k, const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
{
  G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
  G4DNAGenericIonsManager* instance;
  instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();

  if (particleDefinition == G4Proton::ProtonDefinition()) particleTypeIndex=0;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha++")) particleTypeIndex=1;
  if (particleDefinition == instance->GetIon("alpha+")) particleTypeIndex=2;

  G4double totalCrossSection = 0.;

  for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfPartialCrossSections[particleTypeIndex]; i++)
  {
    totalCrossSection += PartialCrossSection(k,i,particleDefinition);
  }
  return totalCrossSection;
}