| [968] | 1 | //
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| 2 | // ********************************************************************
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| 3 | // * License and Disclaimer *
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| 4 | // * *
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| 5 | // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of *
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| 6 | // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and *
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| 7 | // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file *
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| 8 | // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These *
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| 9 | // * include a list of copyright holders. *
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| 10 | // * *
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| 11 | // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing *
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| 12 | // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this *
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| 13 | // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, *
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| 14 | // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its *
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| 15 | // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above *
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| 16 | // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. *
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| 17 | // * *
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| 18 | // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and *
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| 19 | // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. *
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| 20 | // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or *
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| 21 | // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its *
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| 22 | // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your *
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| 23 | // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. *
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| 24 | // ********************************************************************
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| 25 | //
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| 26 | //
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| 27 | //
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| 28 | // ===========================================================================
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| 29 | // GEANT4 class source file
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| 30 | //
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| 31 | // Class: G4IonParametrisedLossModel
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| 32 | //
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| 33 | // Base class: G4VEmModel (utils)
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| 34 | //
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| 35 | // Author: Anton Lechner (Anton.Lechner@cern.ch)
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| 36 | //
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| 37 | // First implementation: 10. 11. 2008
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| 38 | //
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| [1055] | 39 | // Modifications: 03. 02. 2009 - Bug fix iterators (AL)
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| [1192] | 40 | // 11. 03. 2009 - Introduced new table handler(G4IonDEDXHandler)
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| [1055] | 41 | // and modified method to add/remove tables
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| [1192] | 42 | // (tables are now built in init. phase),
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| [1055] | 43 | // Minor bug fix in ComputeDEDXPerVolume (AL)
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| 44 | // 11. 05. 2009 - Introduced scaling algorithm for heavier ions:
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| 45 | // G4IonDEDXScalingICRU73 (AL)
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| [1192] | 46 | // 12. 11. 2009 - Moved from original ICRU 73 classes to new
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| 47 | // class (G4IonStoppingData), which is capable
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| 48 | // of reading stopping power data files stored
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| 49 | // in G4LEDATA (requires G4EMLOW6.8 or higher).
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| 50 | // Simultanesouly, the upper energy limit of
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| 51 | // ICRU 73 is increased to 1 GeV/nucleon.
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| 52 | // - Removed nuclear stopping from Corrections-
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| 53 | // AlongStep since dedicated process was created.
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| 54 | // - Added function for switching off scaling
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| 55 | // of heavy ions from ICRU 73 data
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| 56 | // - Minor fix in ComputeLossForStep function
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| 57 | // - Minor fix in ComputeDEDXPerVolume (AL)
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| [1228] | 58 | // 23. 11. 2009 - Changed energy loss limit from 0.15 to 0.01
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| 59 | // to improve accuracy for large steps (AL)
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| 60 | // 24. 11. 2009 - Bug fix: Range calculation corrected if same
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| 61 | // materials appears with different cuts in diff.
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| 62 | // regions (added UpdateRangeCache function and
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| 63 | // modified BuildRangeVector, ComputeLossForStep
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| 64 | // functions accordingly, added new cache param.)
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| 65 | // - Removed GetRange function (AL)
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| [968] | 66 | //
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| [1192] | 67 | //
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| [968] | 68 | // Class description:
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| 69 | // Model for computing the energy loss of ions by employing a
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| 70 | // parameterisation of dE/dx tables (by default ICRU 73 tables). For
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| 71 | // ion-material combinations and/or projectile energies not covered
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| 72 | // by this model, the G4BraggIonModel and G4BetheBloch models are
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| 73 | // employed.
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| 74 | //
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| 75 | // Comments:
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| 76 | //
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| 77 | // ===========================================================================
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| 78 |
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| 79 |
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| 80 | #include "G4IonParametrisedLossModel.hh"
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| [1192] | 81 | #include "G4LPhysicsFreeVector.hh"
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| 82 | #include "G4IonStoppingData.hh"
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| [1055] | 83 | #include "G4VIonDEDXTable.hh"
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| 84 | #include "G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm.hh"
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| 85 | #include "G4IonDEDXScalingICRU73.hh"
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| [968] | 86 | #include "G4BraggIonModel.hh"
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| 87 | #include "G4BetheBlochModel.hh"
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| [1055] | 88 | #include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh"
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| [968] | 89 | #include "G4ParticleChangeForLoss.hh"
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| 90 | #include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
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| 91 | #include "G4GenericIon.hh"
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| 92 | #include "G4Electron.hh"
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| 93 | #include "Randomize.hh"
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| 94 |
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| [1055] | 95 | //#define PRINT_TABLE_BUILT
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| [968] | 96 |
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| [1055] | 97 |
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| 98 | // #########################################################################
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| 99 |
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| [968] | 100 | G4IonParametrisedLossModel::G4IonParametrisedLossModel(
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| 101 | const G4ParticleDefinition*,
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| 102 | const G4String& name)
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| 103 | : G4VEmModel(name),
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| 104 | braggIonModel(0),
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| 105 | betheBlochModel(0),
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| 106 | nmbBins(90),
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| 107 | nmbSubBins(100),
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| 108 | particleChangeLoss(0),
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| 109 | modelIsInitialised(false),
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| 110 | corrections(0),
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| 111 | corrFactor(1.0),
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| [1228] | 112 | energyLossLimit(0.01),
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| [968] | 113 | cutEnergies(0) {
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| 114 |
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| 115 | genericIon = G4GenericIon::Definition();
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| 116 | genericIonPDGMass = genericIon -> GetPDGMass();
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| 117 |
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| 118 | // The upper limit of the current model is set to 100 TeV
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| 119 | SetHighEnergyLimit(100.0 * TeV);
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| 120 |
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| 121 | // The Bragg ion and Bethe Bloch models are instantiated
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| 122 | braggIonModel = new G4BraggIonModel();
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| 123 | betheBlochModel = new G4BetheBlochModel();
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| 124 |
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| [1055] | 125 | // By default ICRU 73 stopping power tables are loaded:
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| [1192] | 126 | AddDEDXTable("ICRU73",
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| 127 | new G4IonStoppingData("ion_stopping_data/icru73"),
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| 128 | new G4IonDEDXScalingICRU73());
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| [968] | 129 |
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| 130 | // The boundaries for the range tables are set
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| 131 | lowerEnergyEdgeIntegr = 0.025 * MeV;
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| 132 | upperEnergyEdgeIntegr = betheBlochModel -> HighEnergyLimit();
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| 133 |
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| [1228] | 134 | // Cache parameters are set
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| [968] | 135 | cacheParticle = 0;
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| 136 | cacheMass = 0;
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| 137 | cacheElecMassRatio = 0;
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| 138 | cacheChargeSquare = 0;
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| 139 |
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| [1228] | 140 | // Cache parameters are set
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| 141 | rangeCacheParticle = 0;
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| 142 | rangeCacheMatCutsCouple = 0;
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| 143 | rangeCacheEnergyRange = 0;
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| 144 | rangeCacheRangeEnergy = 0;
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| 145 |
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| 146 | // Cache parameters are set
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| [968] | 147 | dedxCacheParticle = 0;
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| 148 | dedxCacheMaterial = 0;
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| 149 | dedxCacheEnergyCut = 0;
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| [1055] | 150 | dedxCacheIter = lossTableList.end();
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| [968] | 151 | dedxCacheTransitionEnergy = 0.0;
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| 152 | dedxCacheTransitionFactor = 0.0;
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| 153 | dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio = 0.0;
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| 154 | }
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| 155 |
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| [1055] | 156 | // #########################################################################
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| [968] | 157 |
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| 158 | G4IonParametrisedLossModel::~G4IonParametrisedLossModel() {
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| 159 |
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| 160 | // Range vs energy table objects are deleted and the container is cleared
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| 161 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange = r.begin();
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| 162 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange_end = r.end();
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| 163 |
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| 164 | for(;iterRange != iterRange_end; iterRange++) delete iterRange -> second;
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| 165 | r.clear();
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| 166 |
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| 167 | // Energy vs range table objects are deleted and the container is cleared
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| 168 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy = E.begin();
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| 169 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy_end = E.end();
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| 170 |
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| 171 | for(;iterEnergy != iterEnergy_end; iterEnergy++) delete iterEnergy -> second;
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| 172 | E.clear();
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| 173 |
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| 174 | // dE/dx table objects are deleted and the container is cleared
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| 175 | LossTableList::iterator iterTables = lossTableList.begin();
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| 176 | LossTableList::iterator iterTables_end = lossTableList.end();
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| 177 |
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| 178 | for(;iterTables != iterTables_end; iterTables++) delete *iterTables;
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| 179 | lossTableList.clear();
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| 180 |
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| 181 | // The Bragg ion and Bethe Bloch objects are deleted
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| 182 | delete betheBlochModel;
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| 183 | delete braggIonModel;
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| 184 | }
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| 185 |
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| [1055] | 186 | // #########################################################################
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| [968] | 187 |
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| 188 | G4double G4IonParametrisedLossModel::MinEnergyCut(
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| 189 | const G4ParticleDefinition*,
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| 190 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple) {
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| 191 |
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| 192 | return couple -> GetMaterial() -> GetIonisation() ->
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| 193 | GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
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| 194 | }
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| 195 |
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| [1055] | 196 | // #########################################################################
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| [968] | 197 |
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| 198 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::Initialise(
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| 199 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
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| 200 | const G4DataVector& cuts) {
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| 201 |
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| 202 | // Cached parameters are reset
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| 203 | cacheParticle = 0;
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| 204 | cacheMass = 0;
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| 205 | cacheElecMassRatio = 0;
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| 206 | cacheChargeSquare = 0;
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| 207 |
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| 208 | // Cached parameters are reset
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| [1228] | 209 | rangeCacheParticle = 0;
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| 210 | rangeCacheMatCutsCouple = 0;
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| 211 | rangeCacheEnergyRange = 0;
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| 212 | rangeCacheRangeEnergy = 0;
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| 213 |
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| 214 | // Cached parameters are reset
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| [968] | 215 | dedxCacheParticle = 0;
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| 216 | dedxCacheMaterial = 0;
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| 217 | dedxCacheEnergyCut = 0;
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| [1055] | 218 | dedxCacheIter = lossTableList.end();
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| [968] | 219 | dedxCacheTransitionEnergy = 0.0;
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| 220 | dedxCacheTransitionFactor = 0.0;
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| 221 | dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio = 0.0;
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| 222 |
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| 223 | // The cache of loss tables is cleared
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| 224 | LossTableList::iterator iterTables = lossTableList.begin();
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| 225 | LossTableList::iterator iterTables_end = lossTableList.end();
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| 226 |
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| 227 | for(;iterTables != iterTables_end; iterTables++)
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| 228 | (*iterTables) -> ClearCache();
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| 229 |
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| 230 | // Range vs energy and energy vs range vectors from previous runs are
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| 231 | // cleared
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| 232 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange = r.begin();
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| 233 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange_end = r.end();
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| 234 |
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| 235 | for(;iterRange != iterRange_end; iterRange++) delete iterRange -> second;
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| 236 | r.clear();
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| 237 |
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| 238 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy = E.begin();
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| 239 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy_end = E.end();
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| 240 |
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| 241 | for(;iterEnergy != iterEnergy_end; iterEnergy++) delete iterEnergy -> second;
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| 242 | E.clear();
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| 243 |
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| 244 | // The cut energies are (re)loaded
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| 245 | size_t size = cuts.size();
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| 246 | cutEnergies.clear();
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| 247 | for(size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) cutEnergies.push_back(cuts[i]);
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| 248 |
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| [1055] | 249 | // All dE/dx vectors are built
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| 250 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* coupleTable=
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| 251 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
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| 252 | size_t nmbCouples = coupleTable -> GetTableSize();
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| 253 |
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| 254 | #ifdef PRINT_TABLE_BUILT
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| 255 | G4cout << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::Initialise():"
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| 256 | << " Building dE/dx vectors:"
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| 257 | << G4endl;
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| 258 | #endif
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| 259 |
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| 260 | for (size_t i = 0; i < nmbCouples; i++) {
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| 261 |
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| 262 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple =
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| 263 | coupleTable -> GetMaterialCutsCouple(i);
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| 264 |
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| 265 | const G4Material* material = couple -> GetMaterial();
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| 266 | // G4ProductionCuts* productionCuts = couple -> GetProductionCuts();
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| 267 |
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| 268 | for(G4int atomicNumberIon = 3; atomicNumberIon < 102; atomicNumberIon++) {
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| 269 |
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| 270 | LossTableList::iterator iter = lossTableList.begin();
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| 271 | LossTableList::iterator iter_end = lossTableList.end();
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| 272 |
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| 273 | for(;iter != iter_end; iter++) {
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| 274 |
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| 275 | if(*iter == 0) {
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| 276 | G4cout << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::Initialise():"
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| 277 | << " Skipping illegal table."
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| 278 | << G4endl;
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| 279 | }
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| 280 |
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| 281 | G4bool isApplicable =
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| 282 | (*iter) -> BuildDEDXTable(atomicNumberIon, material);
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| 283 | if(isApplicable) {
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| 284 |
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| 285 | #ifdef PRINT_TABLE_BUILT
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| 286 | G4cout << " Atomic Number Ion = " << atomicNumberIon
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| 287 | << ", Material = " << material -> GetName()
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| 288 | << ", Table = " << (*iter) -> GetName()
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| 289 | << G4endl;
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| 290 | #endif
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| 291 | break;
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| 292 | }
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| 293 | }
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| 294 | }
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| 295 | }
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| 296 |
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| [968] | 297 | // The particle change object is cast to G4ParticleChangeForLoss
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| 298 | if(! modelIsInitialised) {
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| 299 |
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| 300 | modelIsInitialised = true;
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| 301 | corrections = G4LossTableManager::Instance() -> EmCorrections();
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| 302 |
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| 303 | if(!particleChangeLoss) {
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| 304 | if(pParticleChange) {
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| 305 |
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| 306 | particleChangeLoss = reinterpret_cast<G4ParticleChangeForLoss*>
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| 307 | (pParticleChange);
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| 308 | }
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| 309 | else {
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| 310 | particleChangeLoss = new G4ParticleChangeForLoss();
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| 311 | }
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| 312 | }
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| 313 | }
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| 314 |
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| 315 | // The G4BraggIonModel and G4BetheBlochModel instances are initialised with
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| 316 | // the same settings as the current model:
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| 317 | braggIonModel -> Initialise(particle, cuts);
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| 318 | betheBlochModel -> Initialise(particle, cuts);
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| 319 | }
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| 320 |
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| [1055] | 321 | // #########################################################################
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| [968] | 322 |
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| 323 | G4double G4IonParametrisedLossModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(
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| 324 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
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| 325 | G4double kineticEnergy,
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| 326 | G4double atomicNumber,
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| 327 | G4double,
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| 328 | G4double cutEnergy,
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| 329 | G4double maxKinEnergy) {
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| 330 |
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| 331 | // ############## Cross section per atom ################################
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| 332 | // Function computes ionization cross section per atom
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| 333 | //
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| 334 | // See Geant4 physics reference manual (version 9.1), section 9.1.3
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| 335 | //
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| 336 | // Ref.: W.M. Yao et al, Jour. of Phys. G 33 (2006) 1.
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| 337 | // B. Rossi, High energy particles, New York, NY: Prentice-Hall (1952).
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| 338 | //
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| 339 | // (Implementation adapted from G4BraggIonModel)
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| 340 |
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| 341 | G4double crosssection = 0.0;
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| 342 | G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(particle, kineticEnergy);
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| 343 | G4double maxEnergy = std::min(tmax, maxKinEnergy);
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| 344 |
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| 345 | if(cutEnergy < tmax) {
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| 346 |
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| 347 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy + cacheMass;
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| 348 | G4double betaSquared = kineticEnergy *
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| 349 | (energy + cacheMass) / (energy * energy);
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| 350 |
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| 351 | crosssection = 1.0 / cutEnergy - 1.0 / maxEnergy -
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| 352 | betaSquared * std::log(maxEnergy / cutEnergy) / tmax;
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| 353 |
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| 354 | crosssection *= twopi_mc2_rcl2 * cacheChargeSquare / betaSquared;
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| 355 | }
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| 356 |
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| 357 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG_CS
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| 358 | G4cout << "########################################################"
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| 359 | << G4endl
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| 360 | << "# G4IonParametrisedLossModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom"
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| 361 | << G4endl
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| 362 | << "# particle =" << particle -> GetParticleName()
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| 363 | << G4endl
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| 364 | << "# cut(MeV) = " << cutEnergy/MeV
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| 365 | << G4endl;
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| 366 |
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| 367 | G4cout << "#"
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| 368 | << std::setw(13) << std::right << "E(MeV)"
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| 369 | << std::setw(14) << "CS(um)"
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| 370 | << std::setw(14) << "E_max_sec(MeV)"
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| 371 | << G4endl
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| 372 | << "# ------------------------------------------------------"
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| 373 | << G4endl;
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| 374 |
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| 375 | G4cout << std::setw(14) << std::right << kineticEnergy / MeV
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| 376 | << std::setw(14) << crosssection / (um * um)
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| 377 | << std::setw(14) << tmax / MeV
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| 378 | << G4endl;
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| 379 | #endif
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| 380 |
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| 381 | crosssection *= atomicNumber;
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| 382 |
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| 383 | return crosssection;
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| 384 | }
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| 385 |
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| [1055] | 386 | // #########################################################################
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| [968] | 387 |
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| 388 | G4double G4IonParametrisedLossModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(
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| 389 | const G4Material* material,
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| 390 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
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| 391 | G4double kineticEnergy,
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| 392 | G4double cutEnergy,
|
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| 393 | G4double maxEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 394 |
|
|---|
| 395 | G4double nbElecPerVolume = material -> GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume();
|
|---|
| 396 | G4double cross = ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(particle,
|
|---|
| 397 | kineticEnergy,
|
|---|
| 398 | nbElecPerVolume, 0,
|
|---|
| 399 | cutEnergy,
|
|---|
| 400 | maxEnergy);
|
|---|
| 401 |
|
|---|
| 402 | return cross;
|
|---|
| 403 | }
|
|---|
| 404 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 405 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 406 |
|
|---|
| 407 | G4double G4IonParametrisedLossModel::ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 408 | const G4Material* material,
|
|---|
| 409 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
|
|---|
| 410 | G4double kineticEnergy,
|
|---|
| 411 | G4double cutEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 412 |
|
|---|
| 413 | // ############## dE/dx ##################################################
|
|---|
| 414 | // Function computes dE/dx values, where following rules are adopted:
|
|---|
| 415 | // A. If the ion-material pair is covered by any native ion data
|
|---|
| 416 | // parameterisation, then:
|
|---|
| 417 | // * This parameterization is used for energies below a given energy
|
|---|
| 418 | // limit,
|
|---|
| 419 | // * whereas above the limit the Bethe-Bloch model is applied, in
|
|---|
| 420 | // combination with an effective charge estimate and high order
|
|---|
| 421 | // correction terms.
|
|---|
| 422 | // A smoothing procedure is applied to dE/dx values computed with
|
|---|
| 423 | // the second approach. The smoothing factor is based on the dE/dx
|
|---|
| 424 | // values of both approaches at the transition energy (high order
|
|---|
| 425 | // correction terms are included in the calculation of the transition
|
|---|
| 426 | // factor).
|
|---|
| 427 | // B. If the particle is a generic ion, the BraggIon and Bethe-Bloch
|
|---|
| 428 | // models are used and a smoothing procedure is applied to values
|
|---|
| 429 | // obtained with the second approach.
|
|---|
| 430 | // C. If the ion-material is not covered by any ion data parameterization
|
|---|
| 431 | // then:
|
|---|
| 432 | // * The BraggIon model is used for energies below a given energy
|
|---|
| 433 | // limit,
|
|---|
| 434 | // * whereas above the limit the Bethe-Bloch model is applied, in
|
|---|
| 435 | // combination with an effective charge estimate and high order
|
|---|
| 436 | // correction terms.
|
|---|
| 437 | // Also in this case, a smoothing procedure is applied to dE/dx values
|
|---|
| 438 | // computed with the second model.
|
|---|
| 439 |
|
|---|
| 440 | G4double dEdx = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 441 | UpdateDEDXCache(particle, material, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 442 |
|
|---|
| 443 | LossTableList::iterator iter = dedxCacheIter;
|
|---|
| 444 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 445 | if(iter != lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 446 |
|
|---|
| 447 | G4double transitionEnergy = dedxCacheTransitionEnergy;
|
|---|
| 448 |
|
|---|
| 449 | if(transitionEnergy > kineticEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 450 |
|
|---|
| 451 | dEdx = (*iter) -> GetDEDX(particle, material, kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 452 |
|
|---|
| 453 | G4double dEdxDeltaRays = DeltaRayMeanEnergyTransferRate(material,
|
|---|
| 454 | particle,
|
|---|
| 455 | kineticEnergy,
|
|---|
| 456 | cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 457 | dEdx -= dEdxDeltaRays;
|
|---|
| 458 | }
|
|---|
| 459 | else {
|
|---|
| 460 | G4double massRatio = dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio;
|
|---|
| 461 |
|
|---|
| 462 | G4double chargeSquare =
|
|---|
| 463 | GetChargeSquareRatio(particle, material, kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 464 |
|
|---|
| 465 | G4double scaledKineticEnergy = kineticEnergy * massRatio;
|
|---|
| 466 | G4double scaledTransitionEnergy = transitionEnergy * massRatio;
|
|---|
| 467 |
|
|---|
| 468 | G4double lowEnergyLimit = betheBlochModel -> LowEnergyLimit();
|
|---|
| 469 |
|
|---|
| 470 | if(scaledTransitionEnergy >= lowEnergyLimit) {
|
|---|
| 471 |
|
|---|
| 472 | dEdx = betheBlochModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 473 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 474 | scaledKineticEnergy, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| [1055] | 475 |
|
|---|
| 476 | dEdx *= chargeSquare;
|
|---|
| [968] | 477 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 478 | dEdx += corrections -> ComputeIonCorrections(particle,
|
|---|
| 479 | material, kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| [968] | 480 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 481 | G4double factor = 1.0 + dedxCacheTransitionFactor /
|
|---|
| 482 | kineticEnergy;
|
|---|
| 483 |
|
|---|
| 484 | dEdx *= factor;
|
|---|
| 485 | }
|
|---|
| [968] | 486 | }
|
|---|
| 487 | }
|
|---|
| 488 | else {
|
|---|
| 489 | G4double massRatio = 1.0;
|
|---|
| 490 | G4double chargeSquare = 1.0;
|
|---|
| 491 |
|
|---|
| 492 | if(particle != genericIon) {
|
|---|
| 493 |
|
|---|
| 494 | chargeSquare = GetChargeSquareRatio(particle, material, kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 495 | massRatio = genericIonPDGMass / particle -> GetPDGMass();
|
|---|
| 496 | }
|
|---|
| 497 |
|
|---|
| 498 | G4double scaledKineticEnergy = kineticEnergy * massRatio;
|
|---|
| 499 |
|
|---|
| 500 | G4double lowEnergyLimit = betheBlochModel -> LowEnergyLimit();
|
|---|
| 501 | if(scaledKineticEnergy < lowEnergyLimit) {
|
|---|
| 502 | dEdx = braggIonModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 503 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 504 | scaledKineticEnergy, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 505 |
|
|---|
| 506 | dEdx *= chargeSquare;
|
|---|
| 507 | }
|
|---|
| 508 | else {
|
|---|
| 509 | G4double dEdxLimitParam = braggIonModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 510 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 511 | lowEnergyLimit, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 512 |
|
|---|
| 513 | G4double dEdxLimitBetheBloch = betheBlochModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 514 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 515 | lowEnergyLimit, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 516 |
|
|---|
| 517 | if(particle != genericIon) {
|
|---|
| 518 | G4double chargeSquareLowEnergyLimit =
|
|---|
| 519 | GetChargeSquareRatio(particle, material,
|
|---|
| 520 | lowEnergyLimit / massRatio);
|
|---|
| 521 |
|
|---|
| 522 | dEdxLimitParam *= chargeSquareLowEnergyLimit;
|
|---|
| 523 | dEdxLimitBetheBloch *= chargeSquareLowEnergyLimit;
|
|---|
| 524 |
|
|---|
| 525 | dEdxLimitBetheBloch +=
|
|---|
| 526 | corrections -> ComputeIonCorrections(particle,
|
|---|
| 527 | material, lowEnergyLimit / massRatio);
|
|---|
| 528 | }
|
|---|
| 529 |
|
|---|
| 530 | G4double factor = (1.0 + (dEdxLimitParam/dEdxLimitBetheBloch - 1.0)
|
|---|
| 531 | * lowEnergyLimit / scaledKineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 532 |
|
|---|
| 533 | dEdx = betheBlochModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 534 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 535 | scaledKineticEnergy, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 536 |
|
|---|
| 537 | dEdx *= chargeSquare;
|
|---|
| 538 |
|
|---|
| 539 | if(particle != genericIon) {
|
|---|
| 540 | dEdx += corrections -> ComputeIonCorrections(particle,
|
|---|
| 541 | material, kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 542 | }
|
|---|
| [1192] | 543 |
|
|---|
| 544 | dEdx *= factor;
|
|---|
| [968] | 545 | }
|
|---|
| 546 |
|
|---|
| 547 | }
|
|---|
| 548 |
|
|---|
| 549 | if (dEdx < 0.0) dEdx = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 550 |
|
|---|
| 551 | return dEdx;
|
|---|
| 552 | }
|
|---|
| 553 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 554 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 555 |
|
|---|
| 556 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::PrintDEDXTable(
|
|---|
| 557 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle, // Projectile (ion)
|
|---|
| 558 | const G4Material* material, // Absorber material
|
|---|
| 559 | G4double lowerBoundary, // Minimum energy per nucleon
|
|---|
| 560 | G4double upperBoundary, // Maximum energy per nucleon
|
|---|
| 561 | G4int nmbBins, // Number of bins
|
|---|
| 562 | G4bool logScaleEnergy) { // Logarithmic scaling of energy
|
|---|
| 563 |
|
|---|
| 564 | G4double atomicMassNumber = particle -> GetAtomicMass();
|
|---|
| 565 | G4double materialDensity = material -> GetDensity();
|
|---|
| 566 |
|
|---|
| 567 | G4cout << "# dE/dx table for " << particle -> GetParticleName()
|
|---|
| 568 | << " in material " << material -> GetName()
|
|---|
| 569 | << " of density " << materialDensity / g * cm3
|
|---|
| 570 | << " g/cm3"
|
|---|
| 571 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 572 | << "# Projectile mass number A1 = " << atomicMassNumber
|
|---|
| 573 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 574 | << "# ------------------------------------------------------"
|
|---|
| 575 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 576 | G4cout << "#"
|
|---|
| 577 | << std::setw(13) << std::right << "E"
|
|---|
| 578 | << std::setw(14) << "E/A1"
|
|---|
| 579 | << std::setw(14) << "dE/dx"
|
|---|
| 580 | << std::setw(14) << "1/rho*dE/dx"
|
|---|
| 581 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 582 | G4cout << "#"
|
|---|
| 583 | << std::setw(13) << std::right << "(MeV)"
|
|---|
| 584 | << std::setw(14) << "(MeV)"
|
|---|
| [1055] | 585 | << std::setw(14) << "(MeV/cm)"
|
|---|
| [968] | 586 | << std::setw(14) << "(MeV*cm2/mg)"
|
|---|
| 587 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 588 | << "# ------------------------------------------------------"
|
|---|
| 589 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 590 |
|
|---|
| 591 | G4double energyLowerBoundary = lowerBoundary * atomicMassNumber;
|
|---|
| 592 | G4double energyUpperBoundary = upperBoundary * atomicMassNumber;
|
|---|
| 593 |
|
|---|
| 594 | if(logScaleEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 595 |
|
|---|
| 596 | energyLowerBoundary = std::log(energyLowerBoundary);
|
|---|
| 597 | energyUpperBoundary = std::log(energyUpperBoundary);
|
|---|
| 598 | }
|
|---|
| 599 |
|
|---|
| 600 | G4double deltaEnergy = (energyUpperBoundary - energyLowerBoundary) /
|
|---|
| 601 | G4double(nmbBins);
|
|---|
| 602 |
|
|---|
| 603 | for(int i = 0; i < nmbBins + 1; i++) {
|
|---|
| 604 |
|
|---|
| 605 | G4double energy = energyLowerBoundary + i * deltaEnergy;
|
|---|
| 606 | if(logScaleEnergy) energy = std::exp(energy);
|
|---|
| 607 |
|
|---|
| 608 | G4double dedx = ComputeDEDXPerVolume(material, particle, energy, DBL_MAX);
|
|---|
| 609 | G4cout.precision(6);
|
|---|
| 610 | G4cout << std::setw(14) << std::right << energy / MeV
|
|---|
| 611 | << std::setw(14) << energy / atomicMassNumber / MeV
|
|---|
| [1055] | 612 | << std::setw(14) << dedx / MeV * cm
|
|---|
| [968] | 613 | << std::setw(14) << dedx / materialDensity / (MeV*cm2/(0.001*g))
|
|---|
| 614 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 615 | }
|
|---|
| 616 | }
|
|---|
| 617 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 618 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 619 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 620 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::PrintDEDXTableHandlers(
|
|---|
| 621 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle, // Projectile (ion)
|
|---|
| 622 | const G4Material* material, // Absorber material
|
|---|
| 623 | G4double lowerBoundary, // Minimum energy per nucleon
|
|---|
| 624 | G4double upperBoundary, // Maximum energy per nucleon
|
|---|
| 625 | G4int nmbBins, // Number of bins
|
|---|
| 626 | G4bool logScaleEnergy) { // Logarithmic scaling of energy
|
|---|
| 627 |
|
|---|
| 628 | LossTableList::iterator iter = lossTableList.begin();
|
|---|
| 629 | LossTableList::iterator iter_end = lossTableList.end();
|
|---|
| 630 |
|
|---|
| 631 | for(;iter != iter_end; iter++) {
|
|---|
| 632 | G4bool isApplicable = (*iter) -> IsApplicable(particle, material);
|
|---|
| 633 | if(isApplicable) {
|
|---|
| 634 | (*iter) -> PrintDEDXTable(particle, material,
|
|---|
| 635 | lowerBoundary, upperBoundary,
|
|---|
| 636 | nmbBins,logScaleEnergy);
|
|---|
| 637 | break;
|
|---|
| 638 | }
|
|---|
| 639 | }
|
|---|
| 640 | }
|
|---|
| 641 |
|
|---|
| 642 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| 643 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 644 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::SampleSecondaries(
|
|---|
| 645 | std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* secondaries,
|
|---|
| 646 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple*,
|
|---|
| 647 | const G4DynamicParticle* particle,
|
|---|
| 648 | G4double cutKinEnergySec,
|
|---|
| 649 | G4double userMaxKinEnergySec) {
|
|---|
| 650 |
|
|---|
| 651 |
|
|---|
| 652 | // ############## Sampling of secondaries #################################
|
|---|
| 653 | // The probability density function (pdf) of the kinetic energy T of a
|
|---|
| 654 | // secondary electron may be written as:
|
|---|
| 655 | // pdf(T) = f(T) * g(T)
|
|---|
| 656 | // where
|
|---|
| 657 | // f(T) = (Tmax - Tcut) / (Tmax * Tcut) * (1 / T^2)
|
|---|
| 658 | // g(T) = 1 - beta^2 * T / Tmax
|
|---|
| 659 | // where Tmax is the maximum kinetic energy of the secondary, Tcut
|
|---|
| 660 | // is the lower energy cut and beta is the kinetic energy of the
|
|---|
| 661 | // projectile.
|
|---|
| 662 | //
|
|---|
| 663 | // Sampling of the kinetic energy of a secondary electron:
|
|---|
| 664 | // 1) T0 is sampled from f(T) using the cumulated distribution function
|
|---|
| 665 | // F(T) = int_Tcut^T f(T')dT'
|
|---|
| 666 | // 2) T is accepted or rejected by evaluating the rejection function g(T)
|
|---|
| 667 | // at the sampled energy T0 against a randomly sampled value
|
|---|
| 668 | //
|
|---|
| 669 | //
|
|---|
| 670 | // See Geant4 physics reference manual (version 9.1), section 9.1.4
|
|---|
| 671 | //
|
|---|
| 672 | //
|
|---|
| 673 | // Reference pdf: W.M. Yao et al, Jour. of Phys. G 33 (2006) 1.
|
|---|
| 674 | //
|
|---|
| 675 | // (Implementation adapted from G4BraggIonModel)
|
|---|
| 676 |
|
|---|
| 677 | G4double rossiMaxKinEnergySec = MaxSecondaryKinEnergy(particle);
|
|---|
| 678 | G4double maxKinEnergySec =
|
|---|
| 679 | std::min(rossiMaxKinEnergySec, userMaxKinEnergySec);
|
|---|
| 680 |
|
|---|
| 681 | if(cutKinEnergySec >= maxKinEnergySec) return;
|
|---|
| 682 |
|
|---|
| 683 | G4double kineticEnergy = particle -> GetKineticEnergy();
|
|---|
| 684 | G4ThreeVector direction = particle ->GetMomentumDirection();
|
|---|
| 685 |
|
|---|
| 686 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy + cacheMass;
|
|---|
| 687 | G4double betaSquared = kineticEnergy *
|
|---|
| 688 | (energy + cacheMass) / (energy * energy);
|
|---|
| 689 |
|
|---|
| 690 | G4double kinEnergySec;
|
|---|
| 691 | G4double g;
|
|---|
| 692 |
|
|---|
| 693 | do {
|
|---|
| 694 |
|
|---|
| 695 | // Sampling kinetic energy from f(T) (using F(T)):
|
|---|
| 696 | G4double xi = G4UniformRand();
|
|---|
| 697 | kinEnergySec = cutKinEnergySec * maxKinEnergySec /
|
|---|
| 698 | (maxKinEnergySec * (1.0 - xi) + cutKinEnergySec * xi);
|
|---|
| 699 |
|
|---|
| 700 | // Deriving the value of the rejection function at the obtained kinetic
|
|---|
| 701 | // energy:
|
|---|
| 702 | g = 1.0 - betaSquared * kinEnergySec / rossiMaxKinEnergySec;
|
|---|
| 703 |
|
|---|
| 704 | if(g > 1.0) {
|
|---|
| 705 | G4cout << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::SampleSecondary Warning: "
|
|---|
| 706 | << "Majorant 1.0 < "
|
|---|
| 707 | << g << " for e= " << kinEnergySec
|
|---|
| 708 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 709 | }
|
|---|
| 710 |
|
|---|
| 711 | } while( G4UniformRand() >= g );
|
|---|
| 712 |
|
|---|
| 713 | G4double momentumSec =
|
|---|
| 714 | std::sqrt(kinEnergySec * (kinEnergySec + 2.0 * electron_mass_c2));
|
|---|
| 715 |
|
|---|
| 716 | G4double totMomentum = energy*std::sqrt(betaSquared);
|
|---|
| 717 | G4double cost = kinEnergySec * (energy + electron_mass_c2) /
|
|---|
| 718 | (momentumSec * totMomentum);
|
|---|
| 719 | if(cost > 1.0) cost = 1.0;
|
|---|
| 720 | G4double sint = std::sqrt((1.0 - cost)*(1.0 + cost));
|
|---|
| 721 |
|
|---|
| 722 | G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand() ;
|
|---|
| 723 |
|
|---|
| 724 | G4ThreeVector directionSec(sint*std::cos(phi),sint*std::sin(phi), cost) ;
|
|---|
| 725 | directionSec.rotateUz(direction);
|
|---|
| 726 |
|
|---|
| 727 | // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray
|
|---|
| 728 | G4DynamicParticle* delta = new G4DynamicParticle(G4Electron::Definition(),
|
|---|
| 729 | directionSec,
|
|---|
| 730 | kinEnergySec);
|
|---|
| 731 |
|
|---|
| 732 | secondaries -> push_back(delta);
|
|---|
| 733 |
|
|---|
| 734 | // Change kinematics of primary particle
|
|---|
| 735 | kineticEnergy -= kinEnergySec;
|
|---|
| 736 | G4ThreeVector finalP = direction*totMomentum - directionSec*momentumSec;
|
|---|
| 737 | finalP = finalP.unit();
|
|---|
| 738 |
|
|---|
| 739 | particleChangeLoss -> SetProposedKineticEnergy(kineticEnergy);
|
|---|
| 740 | particleChangeLoss -> SetProposedMomentumDirection(finalP);
|
|---|
| 741 | }
|
|---|
| 742 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 743 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 744 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 745 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::UpdateRangeCache(
|
|---|
| 746 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
|
|---|
| 747 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* matCutsCouple) {
|
|---|
| 748 |
|
|---|
| 749 | // ############## Caching ##################################################
|
|---|
| 750 | // If the ion-material-cut combination is covered by any native ion data
|
|---|
| 751 | // parameterisation (for low energies), range vectors are computed
|
|---|
| 752 |
|
|---|
| 753 | if(particle == rangeCacheParticle &&
|
|---|
| 754 | matCutsCouple == rangeCacheMatCutsCouple) {
|
|---|
| 755 | }
|
|---|
| 756 | else{
|
|---|
| 757 | rangeCacheParticle = particle;
|
|---|
| 758 | rangeCacheMatCutsCouple = matCutsCouple;
|
|---|
| 759 |
|
|---|
| 760 | const G4Material* material = matCutsCouple -> GetMaterial();
|
|---|
| 761 | LossTableList::iterator iter = IsApplicable(particle, material);
|
|---|
| 762 |
|
|---|
| 763 | // If any table is applicable, the transition factor is computed:
|
|---|
| 764 | if(iter != lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| 765 |
|
|---|
| 766 | // Build range-energy and energy-range vectors if they don't exist
|
|---|
| 767 | IonMatCouple ionMatCouple = std::make_pair(particle, matCutsCouple);
|
|---|
| 768 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange = r.find(ionMatCouple);
|
|---|
| 769 |
|
|---|
| 770 | if(iterRange == r.end()) BuildRangeVector(particle, matCutsCouple);
|
|---|
| 771 |
|
|---|
| 772 | rangeCacheEnergyRange = E[ionMatCouple];
|
|---|
| 773 | rangeCacheRangeEnergy = r[ionMatCouple];
|
|---|
| 774 | }
|
|---|
| 775 | else {
|
|---|
| 776 | rangeCacheEnergyRange = 0;
|
|---|
| 777 | rangeCacheRangeEnergy = 0;
|
|---|
| 778 | }
|
|---|
| 779 | }
|
|---|
| 780 | }
|
|---|
| 781 |
|
|---|
| 782 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| 783 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 784 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::UpdateDEDXCache(
|
|---|
| 785 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
|
|---|
| 786 | const G4Material* material,
|
|---|
| 787 | G4double cutEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 788 |
|
|---|
| 789 | // ############## Caching ##################################################
|
|---|
| 790 | // If the ion-material combination is covered by any native ion data
|
|---|
| 791 | // parameterisation (for low energies), a transition factor is computed
|
|---|
| 792 | // which is applied to Bethe-Bloch results at higher energies to
|
|---|
| 793 | // guarantee a smooth transition.
|
|---|
| 794 | // This factor only needs to be calculated for the first step an ion
|
|---|
| 795 | // performs inside a certain material.
|
|---|
| 796 |
|
|---|
| 797 | if(particle == dedxCacheParticle &&
|
|---|
| 798 | material == dedxCacheMaterial &&
|
|---|
| 799 | cutEnergy == dedxCacheEnergyCut) {
|
|---|
| 800 | }
|
|---|
| 801 | else {
|
|---|
| 802 |
|
|---|
| 803 | dedxCacheParticle = particle;
|
|---|
| 804 | dedxCacheMaterial = material;
|
|---|
| 805 | dedxCacheEnergyCut = cutEnergy;
|
|---|
| 806 |
|
|---|
| 807 | G4double massRatio = genericIonPDGMass / particle -> GetPDGMass();
|
|---|
| 808 | dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio = massRatio;
|
|---|
| 809 |
|
|---|
| 810 | LossTableList::iterator iter = IsApplicable(particle, material);
|
|---|
| 811 | dedxCacheIter = iter;
|
|---|
| 812 |
|
|---|
| 813 | // If any table is applicable, the transition factor is computed:
|
|---|
| [1055] | 814 | if(iter != lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 815 |
|
|---|
| 816 | // Retrieving the transition energy from the parameterisation table
|
|---|
| 817 | G4double transitionEnergy =
|
|---|
| 818 | (*iter) -> GetUpperEnergyEdge(particle, material);
|
|---|
| 819 | dedxCacheTransitionEnergy = transitionEnergy;
|
|---|
| 820 |
|
|---|
| 821 | // Computing dE/dx from low-energy parameterisation at
|
|---|
| 822 | // transition energy
|
|---|
| 823 | G4double dEdxParam = (*iter) -> GetDEDX(particle, material,
|
|---|
| 824 | transitionEnergy);
|
|---|
| 825 |
|
|---|
| 826 | G4double dEdxDeltaRays = DeltaRayMeanEnergyTransferRate(material,
|
|---|
| 827 | particle,
|
|---|
| 828 | transitionEnergy,
|
|---|
| 829 | cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 830 | dEdxParam -= dEdxDeltaRays;
|
|---|
| 831 |
|
|---|
| 832 | // Computing dE/dx from Bethe-Bloch formula at transition
|
|---|
| 833 | // energy
|
|---|
| 834 | G4double transitionChargeSquare =
|
|---|
| 835 | GetChargeSquareRatio(particle, material, transitionEnergy);
|
|---|
| 836 |
|
|---|
| 837 | G4double scaledTransitionEnergy = transitionEnergy * massRatio;
|
|---|
| 838 |
|
|---|
| 839 | G4double dEdxBetheBloch =
|
|---|
| 840 | betheBlochModel -> ComputeDEDXPerVolume(
|
|---|
| 841 | material, genericIon,
|
|---|
| 842 | scaledTransitionEnergy, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 843 | dEdxBetheBloch *= transitionChargeSquare;
|
|---|
| 844 |
|
|---|
| 845 | // Additionally, high order corrections are added
|
|---|
| 846 | dEdxBetheBloch +=
|
|---|
| 847 | corrections -> ComputeIonCorrections(particle,
|
|---|
| 848 | material, transitionEnergy);
|
|---|
| 849 |
|
|---|
| 850 | // Computing transition factor from both dE/dx values
|
|---|
| 851 | dedxCacheTransitionFactor =
|
|---|
| 852 | (dEdxParam - dEdxBetheBloch)/dEdxBetheBloch
|
|---|
| 853 | * transitionEnergy;
|
|---|
| 854 | }
|
|---|
| 855 | else {
|
|---|
| 856 |
|
|---|
| 857 | dedxCacheParticle = particle;
|
|---|
| 858 | dedxCacheMaterial = material;
|
|---|
| 859 | dedxCacheEnergyCut = cutEnergy;
|
|---|
| 860 |
|
|---|
| 861 | dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio =
|
|---|
| 862 | genericIonPDGMass / particle -> GetPDGMass();
|
|---|
| 863 |
|
|---|
| 864 | dedxCacheTransitionEnergy = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 865 | dedxCacheTransitionFactor = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 866 | }
|
|---|
| 867 | }
|
|---|
| 868 | }
|
|---|
| 869 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 870 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 871 |
|
|---|
| 872 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::CorrectionsAlongStep(
|
|---|
| 873 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
|
|---|
| 874 | const G4DynamicParticle* dynamicParticle,
|
|---|
| 875 | G4double& eloss,
|
|---|
| 876 | G4double&,
|
|---|
| 877 | G4double length) {
|
|---|
| 878 |
|
|---|
| 879 | // ############## Corrections for along step energy loss calculation ######
|
|---|
| 880 | // The computed energy loss (due to electronic stopping) is overwritten
|
|---|
| 881 | // by this function if an ion data parameterization is available for the
|
|---|
| 882 | // current ion-material pair.
|
|---|
| 883 | // No action on the energy loss (due to electronic stopping) is performed
|
|---|
| 884 | // if no parameterization is available. In this case the original
|
|---|
| 885 | // generic ion tables (in combination with the effective charge) are used
|
|---|
| 886 | // in the along step DoIt function.
|
|---|
| 887 | //
|
|---|
| 888 | //
|
|---|
| 889 | // (Implementation partly adapted from G4BraggIonModel/G4BetheBlochModel)
|
|---|
| 890 |
|
|---|
| 891 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle = dynamicParticle -> GetDefinition();
|
|---|
| 892 | const G4Material* material = couple -> GetMaterial();
|
|---|
| 893 |
|
|---|
| 894 | G4double kineticEnergy = dynamicParticle -> GetKineticEnergy();
|
|---|
| 895 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 896 | if(kineticEnergy == eloss) { return; }
|
|---|
| 897 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 898 | G4double cutEnergy = DBL_MAX;
|
|---|
| 899 | size_t cutIndex = couple -> GetIndex();
|
|---|
| 900 | cutEnergy = cutEnergies[cutIndex];
|
|---|
| 901 |
|
|---|
| 902 | UpdateDEDXCache(particle, material, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 903 |
|
|---|
| 904 | LossTableList::iterator iter = dedxCacheIter;
|
|---|
| 905 |
|
|---|
| 906 | // If parameterization for ions is available the electronic energy loss
|
|---|
| 907 | // is overwritten
|
|---|
| [1055] | 908 | if(iter != lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 909 |
|
|---|
| 910 | // The energy loss is calculated using the ComputeDEDXPerVolume function
|
|---|
| 911 | // and the step length (it is assumed that dE/dx does not change
|
|---|
| 912 | // considerably along the step)
|
|---|
| 913 | eloss =
|
|---|
| 914 | length * ComputeDEDXPerVolume(material, particle,
|
|---|
| 915 | kineticEnergy, cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 916 |
|
|---|
| 917 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG
|
|---|
| 918 | G4cout.precision(6);
|
|---|
| 919 | G4cout << "########################################################"
|
|---|
| 920 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 921 | << "# G4IonParametrisedLossModel::CorrectionsAlongStep"
|
|---|
| 922 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 923 | << "# cut(MeV) = " << cutEnergy/MeV
|
|---|
| 924 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 925 |
|
|---|
| 926 | G4cout << "#"
|
|---|
| 927 | << std::setw(13) << std::right << "E(MeV)"
|
|---|
| 928 | << std::setw(14) << "l(um)"
|
|---|
| 929 | << std::setw(14) << "l*dE/dx(MeV)"
|
|---|
| 930 | << std::setw(14) << "(l*dE/dx)/E"
|
|---|
| 931 | << G4endl
|
|---|
| 932 | << "# ------------------------------------------------------"
|
|---|
| 933 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 934 |
|
|---|
| 935 | G4cout << std::setw(14) << std::right << kineticEnergy / MeV
|
|---|
| 936 | << std::setw(14) << length / um
|
|---|
| 937 | << std::setw(14) << eloss / MeV
|
|---|
| 938 | << std::setw(14) << eloss / kineticEnergy * 100.0
|
|---|
| 939 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 940 | #endif
|
|---|
| 941 |
|
|---|
| 942 | // If the energy loss exceeds a certain fraction of the kinetic energy
|
|---|
| 943 | // (the fraction is indicated by the parameter "energyLossLimit") then
|
|---|
| 944 | // the range tables are used to derive a more accurate value of the
|
|---|
| 945 | // energy loss
|
|---|
| 946 | if(eloss > energyLossLimit * kineticEnergy) {
|
|---|
| 947 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 948 | eloss = ComputeLossForStep(couple, particle,
|
|---|
| 949 | kineticEnergy,length);
|
|---|
| [968] | 950 |
|
|---|
| 951 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG
|
|---|
| 952 | G4cout << "# Correction applied:"
|
|---|
| 953 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 954 |
|
|---|
| 955 | G4cout << std::setw(14) << std::right << kineticEnergy / MeV
|
|---|
| 956 | << std::setw(14) << length / um
|
|---|
| 957 | << std::setw(14) << eloss / MeV
|
|---|
| 958 | << std::setw(14) << eloss / kineticEnergy * 100.0
|
|---|
| 959 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 960 | #endif
|
|---|
| 961 |
|
|---|
| 962 | }
|
|---|
| 963 | }
|
|---|
| 964 |
|
|---|
| 965 | // For all corrections below a kinetic energy between the Pre- and
|
|---|
| 966 | // Post-step energy values is used
|
|---|
| 967 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy - eloss * 0.5;
|
|---|
| 968 | if(energy < 0.0) energy = kineticEnergy * 0.5;
|
|---|
| 969 |
|
|---|
| 970 | G4double chargeSquareRatio = corrections ->
|
|---|
| 971 | EffectiveChargeSquareRatio(particle,
|
|---|
| 972 | material,
|
|---|
| 973 | energy);
|
|---|
| 974 | GetModelOfFluctuations() -> SetParticleAndCharge(particle,
|
|---|
| 975 | chargeSquareRatio);
|
|---|
| 976 |
|
|---|
| 977 | // A correction is applied considering the change of the effective charge
|
|---|
| 978 | // along the step (the parameter "corrFactor" refers to the effective
|
|---|
| 979 | // charge at the beginning of the step). Note: the correction is not
|
|---|
| 980 | // applied for energy loss values deriving directly from parameterized
|
|---|
| 981 | // ion stopping power tables
|
|---|
| 982 | G4double transitionEnergy = dedxCacheTransitionEnergy;
|
|---|
| 983 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 984 | if(iter != lossTableList.end() && transitionEnergy < kineticEnergy) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 985 | chargeSquareRatio *= corrections -> EffectiveChargeCorrection(particle,
|
|---|
| 986 | material,
|
|---|
| 987 | energy);
|
|---|
| 988 |
|
|---|
| 989 | G4double chargeSquareRatioCorr = chargeSquareRatio/corrFactor;
|
|---|
| 990 | eloss *= chargeSquareRatioCorr;
|
|---|
| 991 | }
|
|---|
| [1055] | 992 | else if (iter == lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 993 |
|
|---|
| 994 | chargeSquareRatio *= corrections -> EffectiveChargeCorrection(particle,
|
|---|
| 995 | material,
|
|---|
| 996 | energy);
|
|---|
| 997 |
|
|---|
| 998 | G4double chargeSquareRatioCorr = chargeSquareRatio/corrFactor;
|
|---|
| 999 | eloss *= chargeSquareRatioCorr;
|
|---|
| 1000 | }
|
|---|
| 1001 |
|
|---|
| 1002 | // Ion high order corrections are applied if the current model does not
|
|---|
| 1003 | // overwrite the energy loss (i.e. when the effective charge approach is
|
|---|
| 1004 | // used)
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1005 | if(iter == lossTableList.end()) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 1006 |
|
|---|
| 1007 | G4double scaledKineticEnergy = kineticEnergy * dedxCacheGenIonMassRatio;
|
|---|
| 1008 | G4double lowEnergyLimit = betheBlochModel -> LowEnergyLimit();
|
|---|
| 1009 |
|
|---|
| 1010 | // Corrections are only applied in the Bethe-Bloch energy region
|
|---|
| 1011 | if(scaledKineticEnergy > lowEnergyLimit)
|
|---|
| 1012 | eloss += length *
|
|---|
| 1013 | corrections -> IonHighOrderCorrections(particle, couple, energy);
|
|---|
| 1014 | }
|
|---|
| 1015 | }
|
|---|
| 1016 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1017 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 1018 |
|
|---|
| 1019 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::BuildRangeVector(
|
|---|
| 1020 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1021 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* matCutsCouple) {
|
|---|
| [968] | 1022 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1023 | G4double cutEnergy = DBL_MAX;
|
|---|
| 1024 | size_t cutIndex = matCutsCouple -> GetIndex();
|
|---|
| 1025 | cutEnergy = cutEnergies[cutIndex];
|
|---|
| 1026 |
|
|---|
| 1027 | const G4Material* material = matCutsCouple -> GetMaterial();
|
|---|
| 1028 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 1029 | G4double massRatio = genericIonPDGMass / particle -> GetPDGMass();
|
|---|
| 1030 |
|
|---|
| 1031 | G4double lowerEnergy = lowerEnergyEdgeIntegr / massRatio;
|
|---|
| 1032 | G4double upperEnergy = upperEnergyEdgeIntegr / massRatio;
|
|---|
| 1033 |
|
|---|
| 1034 | G4double logLowerEnergyEdge = std::log(lowerEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1035 | G4double logUpperEnergyEdge = std::log(upperEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1036 |
|
|---|
| 1037 | G4double logDeltaEnergy = (logUpperEnergyEdge - logLowerEnergyEdge) /
|
|---|
| 1038 | G4double(nmbBins);
|
|---|
| 1039 |
|
|---|
| 1040 | G4double logDeltaIntegr = logDeltaEnergy / G4double(nmbSubBins);
|
|---|
| 1041 |
|
|---|
| 1042 | G4LPhysicsFreeVector* energyRangeVector =
|
|---|
| 1043 | new G4LPhysicsFreeVector(nmbBins+1,
|
|---|
| 1044 | lowerEnergy,
|
|---|
| 1045 | upperEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1046 | energyRangeVector -> SetSpline(true);
|
|---|
| 1047 |
|
|---|
| 1048 | G4double dedxLow = ComputeDEDXPerVolume(material,
|
|---|
| 1049 | particle,
|
|---|
| 1050 | lowerEnergy,
|
|---|
| 1051 | cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1052 |
|
|---|
| 1053 | G4double range = 2.0 * lowerEnergy / dedxLow;
|
|---|
| 1054 |
|
|---|
| 1055 | energyRangeVector -> PutValues(0, lowerEnergy, range);
|
|---|
| 1056 |
|
|---|
| 1057 | G4double logEnergy = std::log(lowerEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1058 | for(size_t i = 1; i < nmbBins+1; i++) {
|
|---|
| 1059 |
|
|---|
| 1060 | G4double logEnergyIntegr = logEnergy;
|
|---|
| 1061 |
|
|---|
| 1062 | for(size_t j = 0; j < nmbSubBins; j++) {
|
|---|
| 1063 |
|
|---|
| 1064 | G4double binLowerBoundary = std::exp(logEnergyIntegr);
|
|---|
| 1065 | logEnergyIntegr += logDeltaIntegr;
|
|---|
| 1066 |
|
|---|
| 1067 | G4double binUpperBoundary = std::exp(logEnergyIntegr);
|
|---|
| 1068 | G4double deltaIntegr = binUpperBoundary - binLowerBoundary;
|
|---|
| 1069 |
|
|---|
| 1070 | G4double energyIntegr = binLowerBoundary + 0.5 * deltaIntegr;
|
|---|
| 1071 |
|
|---|
| 1072 | G4double dedxValue = ComputeDEDXPerVolume(material,
|
|---|
| 1073 | particle,
|
|---|
| 1074 | energyIntegr,
|
|---|
| 1075 | cutEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1076 |
|
|---|
| 1077 | if(dedxValue > 0.0) range += deltaIntegr / dedxValue;
|
|---|
| 1078 |
|
|---|
| 1079 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG_DETAILS
|
|---|
| 1080 | G4cout << " E = "<< energyIntegr/MeV
|
|---|
| 1081 | << " MeV -> dE = " << deltaIntegr/MeV
|
|---|
| 1082 | << " MeV -> dE/dx = " << dedxValue/MeV*mm
|
|---|
| 1083 | << " MeV/mm -> dE/(dE/dx) = " << deltaIntegr /
|
|---|
| 1084 | dedxValue / mm
|
|---|
| 1085 | << " mm -> range = " << range / mm
|
|---|
| 1086 | << " mm " << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1087 | #endif
|
|---|
| 1088 | }
|
|---|
| 1089 |
|
|---|
| 1090 | logEnergy += logDeltaEnergy;
|
|---|
| 1091 |
|
|---|
| 1092 | G4double energy = std::exp(logEnergy);
|
|---|
| 1093 |
|
|---|
| 1094 | energyRangeVector -> PutValues(i, energy, range);
|
|---|
| 1095 |
|
|---|
| 1096 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG_DETAILS
|
|---|
| 1097 | G4cout << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::BuildRangeVector() bin = "
|
|---|
| 1098 | << i <<", E = "
|
|---|
| 1099 | << energy / MeV << " MeV, R = "
|
|---|
| 1100 | << range / mm << " mm"
|
|---|
| 1101 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1102 | #endif
|
|---|
| 1103 |
|
|---|
| 1104 | }
|
|---|
| 1105 |
|
|---|
| 1106 | G4bool b;
|
|---|
| 1107 |
|
|---|
| 1108 | G4double lowerRangeEdge =
|
|---|
| 1109 | energyRangeVector -> GetValue(lowerEnergy, b);
|
|---|
| 1110 | G4double upperRangeEdge =
|
|---|
| 1111 | energyRangeVector -> GetValue(upperEnergy, b);
|
|---|
| 1112 |
|
|---|
| 1113 | G4LPhysicsFreeVector* rangeEnergyVector
|
|---|
| 1114 | = new G4LPhysicsFreeVector(nmbBins+1,
|
|---|
| 1115 | lowerRangeEdge,
|
|---|
| 1116 | upperRangeEdge);
|
|---|
| 1117 | rangeEnergyVector -> SetSpline(true);
|
|---|
| 1118 |
|
|---|
| 1119 | for(size_t i = 0; i < nmbBins+1; i++) {
|
|---|
| 1120 | G4double energy = energyRangeVector -> GetLowEdgeEnergy(i);
|
|---|
| 1121 | rangeEnergyVector ->
|
|---|
| 1122 | PutValues(i, energyRangeVector -> GetValue(energy, b), energy);
|
|---|
| 1123 | }
|
|---|
| 1124 |
|
|---|
| 1125 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG_TABLES
|
|---|
| 1126 | G4cout << *energyLossVector
|
|---|
| 1127 | << *energyRangeVector
|
|---|
| 1128 | << *rangeEnergyVector << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1129 | #endif
|
|---|
| 1130 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1131 | IonMatCouple ionMatCouple = std::make_pair(particle, matCutsCouple);
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1132 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 1133 | E[ionMatCouple] = energyRangeVector;
|
|---|
| 1134 | r[ionMatCouple] = rangeEnergyVector;
|
|---|
| 1135 | }
|
|---|
| 1136 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1137 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| [968] | 1138 |
|
|---|
| 1139 | G4double G4IonParametrisedLossModel::ComputeLossForStep(
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1140 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* matCutsCouple,
|
|---|
| [968] | 1141 | const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
|
|---|
| 1142 | G4double kineticEnergy,
|
|---|
| 1143 | G4double stepLength) {
|
|---|
| 1144 |
|
|---|
| 1145 | G4double loss = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 1146 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1147 | UpdateRangeCache(particle, matCutsCouple);
|
|---|
| [968] | 1148 |
|
|---|
| [1228] | 1149 | G4PhysicsVector* energyRange = rangeCacheEnergyRange;
|
|---|
| 1150 | G4PhysicsVector* rangeEnergy = rangeCacheRangeEnergy;
|
|---|
| [968] | 1151 |
|
|---|
| 1152 | if(energyRange != 0 && rangeEnergy != 0) {
|
|---|
| 1153 | G4bool b;
|
|---|
| 1154 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1155 | G4double lowerEnEdge = energyRange -> GetLowEdgeEnergy( 0 );
|
|---|
| 1156 | G4double lowerRangeEdge = rangeEnergy -> GetLowEdgeEnergy( 0 );
|
|---|
| 1157 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 1158 | // Computing range for pre-step kinetic energy:
|
|---|
| 1159 | G4double range = energyRange -> GetValue(kineticEnergy, b);
|
|---|
| 1160 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1161 | // Energy below vector boundary:
|
|---|
| 1162 | if(kineticEnergy < lowerEnEdge) {
|
|---|
| 1163 |
|
|---|
| 1164 | range = energyRange -> GetValue(lowerEnEdge, b);
|
|---|
| 1165 | range *= std::sqrt(kineticEnergy / lowerEnEdge);
|
|---|
| 1166 | }
|
|---|
| 1167 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 1168 | #ifdef PRINT_DEBUG
|
|---|
| 1169 | G4cout << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::ComputeLossForStep() range = "
|
|---|
| 1170 | << range / mm << " mm, step = " << stepLength / mm << " mm"
|
|---|
| 1171 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1172 | #endif
|
|---|
| 1173 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1174 | // Remaining range:
|
|---|
| 1175 | G4double remRange = range - stepLength;
|
|---|
| 1176 |
|
|---|
| [968] | 1177 | // If range is smaller than step length, the loss is set to kinetic
|
|---|
| 1178 | // energy
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1179 | if(remRange < 0.0) loss = kineticEnergy;
|
|---|
| 1180 | else if(remRange < lowerRangeEdge) {
|
|---|
| 1181 |
|
|---|
| 1182 | G4double ratio = remRange / lowerRangeEdge;
|
|---|
| 1183 | loss = kineticEnergy - ratio * ratio * lowerEnEdge;
|
|---|
| 1184 | }
|
|---|
| [968] | 1185 | else {
|
|---|
| 1186 |
|
|---|
| 1187 | G4double energy = rangeEnergy -> GetValue(range - stepLength, b);
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1188 | loss = kineticEnergy - energy;
|
|---|
| [968] | 1189 | }
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1190 | }
|
|---|
| [968] | 1191 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1192 | if(loss < 0.0) loss = 0.0;
|
|---|
| 1193 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1194 | return loss;
|
|---|
| 1195 | }
|
|---|
| [968] | 1196 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1197 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| 1198 |
|
|---|
| 1199 | G4bool G4IonParametrisedLossModel::AddDEDXTable(
|
|---|
| 1200 | const G4String& name,
|
|---|
| 1201 | G4VIonDEDXTable* table,
|
|---|
| 1202 | G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm* algorithm) {
|
|---|
| 1203 |
|
|---|
| 1204 | if(table == 0) {
|
|---|
| 1205 | G4cerr << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::AddDEDXTable() Cannot "
|
|---|
| 1206 | << " add table: Invalid pointer."
|
|---|
| 1207 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1208 |
|
|---|
| 1209 | return false;
|
|---|
| [968] | 1210 | }
|
|---|
| 1211 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1212 | // Checking uniqueness of name
|
|---|
| 1213 | LossTableList::iterator iter = lossTableList.begin();
|
|---|
| 1214 | LossTableList::iterator iter_end = lossTableList.end();
|
|---|
| 1215 |
|
|---|
| 1216 | for(;iter != iter_end; iter++) {
|
|---|
| 1217 | G4String tableName = (*iter) -> GetName();
|
|---|
| 1218 |
|
|---|
| 1219 | if(tableName == name) {
|
|---|
| 1220 | G4cerr << "G4IonParametrisedLossModel::AddDEDXTable() Cannot "
|
|---|
| 1221 | << " add table: Name already exists."
|
|---|
| 1222 | << G4endl;
|
|---|
| 1223 |
|
|---|
| 1224 | return false;
|
|---|
| 1225 | }
|
|---|
| 1226 | }
|
|---|
| 1227 |
|
|---|
| 1228 | G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm* scalingAlgorithm = algorithm;
|
|---|
| 1229 | if(scalingAlgorithm == 0)
|
|---|
| 1230 | scalingAlgorithm = new G4VIonDEDXScalingAlgorithm;
|
|---|
| 1231 |
|
|---|
| 1232 | G4IonDEDXHandler* handler =
|
|---|
| 1233 | new G4IonDEDXHandler(table, scalingAlgorithm, name);
|
|---|
| 1234 |
|
|---|
| 1235 | lossTableList.push_front(handler);
|
|---|
| 1236 |
|
|---|
| 1237 | return true;
|
|---|
| [968] | 1238 | }
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1239 |
|
|---|
| 1240 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| 1241 |
|
|---|
| 1242 | G4bool G4IonParametrisedLossModel::RemoveDEDXTable(
|
|---|
| 1243 | const G4String& name) {
|
|---|
| 1244 |
|
|---|
| 1245 | LossTableList::iterator iter = lossTableList.begin();
|
|---|
| 1246 | LossTableList::iterator iter_end = lossTableList.end();
|
|---|
| 1247 |
|
|---|
| 1248 | for(;iter != iter_end; iter++) {
|
|---|
| 1249 | G4String tableName = (*iter) -> GetName();
|
|---|
| 1250 |
|
|---|
| 1251 | if(tableName == name) {
|
|---|
| 1252 | delete (*iter);
|
|---|
| 1253 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1254 | // Remove from table list
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1255 | lossTableList.erase(iter);
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1256 |
|
|---|
| 1257 | // Range vs energy and energy vs range vectors are cleared
|
|---|
| 1258 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange = r.begin();
|
|---|
| 1259 | RangeEnergyTable::iterator iterRange_end = r.end();
|
|---|
| 1260 |
|
|---|
| 1261 | for(;iterRange != iterRange_end; iterRange++)
|
|---|
| 1262 | delete iterRange -> second;
|
|---|
| 1263 | r.clear();
|
|---|
| 1264 |
|
|---|
| 1265 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy = E.begin();
|
|---|
| 1266 | EnergyRangeTable::iterator iterEnergy_end = E.end();
|
|---|
| 1267 |
|
|---|
| 1268 | for(;iterEnergy != iterEnergy_end; iterEnergy++)
|
|---|
| 1269 | delete iterEnergy -> second;
|
|---|
| 1270 | E.clear();
|
|---|
| 1271 |
|
|---|
| [1055] | 1272 | return true;
|
|---|
| 1273 | }
|
|---|
| 1274 | }
|
|---|
| 1275 |
|
|---|
| 1276 | return false;
|
|---|
| 1277 | }
|
|---|
| 1278 |
|
|---|
| 1279 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|
| 1280 |
|
|---|
| [1192] | 1281 | void G4IonParametrisedLossModel::DeactivateICRU73Scaling() {
|
|---|
| 1282 |
|
|---|
| 1283 | RemoveDEDXTable("ICRU73");
|
|---|
| 1284 | AddDEDXTable("ICRU73", new G4IonStoppingData("ion_stopping_data/icru73"));
|
|---|
| 1285 | }
|
|---|
| 1286 |
|
|---|
| 1287 | // #########################################################################
|
|---|