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24 | // ******************************************************************** |
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25 | // |
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26 | // $Id: G4PenelopeIonisationModel.cc,v 1.2 2008/12/05 09:15:43 pandola Exp $ |
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27 | // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-02 $ |
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28 | // |
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29 | // Author: Luciano Pandola |
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30 | // |
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31 | // History: |
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32 | // -------- |
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33 | // 26 Nov 2008 L Pandola Migration from process to model |
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34 | // |
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35 | |
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36 | #include "G4PenelopeIonisationModel.hh" |
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37 | #include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh" |
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38 | #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" |
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39 | #include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh" |
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40 | #include "G4DynamicParticle.hh" |
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41 | #include "G4Element.hh" |
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42 | #include "G4AtomicTransitionManager.hh" |
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43 | #include "G4AtomicDeexcitation.hh" |
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44 | #include "G4AtomicShell.hh" |
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45 | #include "G4Gamma.hh" |
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46 | #include "G4Electron.hh" |
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47 | #include "G4Positron.hh" |
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48 | #include "G4CrossSectionHandler.hh" |
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49 | #include "G4AtomicDeexcitation.hh" |
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50 | #include "G4ProcessManager.hh" |
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51 | #include "G4VEMDataSet.hh" |
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52 | |
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53 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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54 | |
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55 | |
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56 | G4PenelopeIonisationModel::G4PenelopeIonisationModel(const G4ParticleDefinition*, |
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57 | const G4String& nam) |
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58 | :G4VEmModel(nam),isInitialised(false), |
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59 | kineticEnergy1(0.*eV), |
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60 | cosThetaPrimary(1.0), |
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61 | energySecondary(0.*eV), |
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62 | cosThetaSecondary(0.0), |
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63 | iOsc(-1), |
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64 | crossSectionHandler(0),ionizationEnergy(0), |
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65 | resonanceEnergy(0),occupationNumber(0),shellFlag(0), |
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66 | theXSTable(0) |
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67 | { |
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68 | fIntrinsicLowEnergyLimit = 100.0*eV; |
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69 | fIntrinsicHighEnergyLimit = 100.0*GeV; |
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70 | SetLowEnergyLimit(fIntrinsicLowEnergyLimit); |
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71 | SetHighEnergyLimit(fIntrinsicHighEnergyLimit); |
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72 | // |
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73 | |
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74 | fUseAtomicDeexcitation = true; |
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75 | verboseLevel= 0; |
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76 | |
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77 | // Verbosity scale: |
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78 | // 0 = nothing |
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79 | // 1 = warning for energy non-conservation |
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80 | // 2 = details of energy budget |
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81 | // 3 = calculation of cross sections, file openings, sampling of atoms |
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82 | // 4 = entering in methods |
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83 | |
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84 | //These vectors do not change when materials or cut change. |
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85 | //Therefore I can read it at the constructor |
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86 | ionizationEnergy = new std::map<G4int,G4DataVector*>; |
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87 | resonanceEnergy = new std::map<G4int,G4DataVector*>; |
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88 | occupationNumber = new std::map<G4int,G4DataVector*>; |
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89 | shellFlag = new std::map<G4int,G4DataVector*>; |
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90 | |
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91 | ReadData(); //Read data from file |
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92 | |
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93 | } |
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94 | |
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95 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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96 | |
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97 | G4PenelopeIonisationModel::~G4PenelopeIonisationModel() |
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98 | { |
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99 | |
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100 | if (crossSectionHandler) delete crossSectionHandler; |
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101 | |
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102 | if (theXSTable) |
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103 | { |
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104 | for (size_t i=0; i<theXSTable->size(); i++) |
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105 | delete (*theXSTable)[i]; |
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106 | delete theXSTable; |
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107 | } |
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108 | |
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109 | |
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110 | std::map <G4int,G4DataVector*>::iterator i; |
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111 | for (i=ionizationEnergy->begin();i != ionizationEnergy->end();i++) |
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112 | if (i->second) delete i->second; |
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113 | for (i=resonanceEnergy->begin();i != resonanceEnergy->end();i++) |
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114 | if (i->second) delete i->second; |
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115 | for (i=occupationNumber->begin();i != occupationNumber->end();i++) |
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116 | if (i->second) delete i->second; |
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117 | for (i=shellFlag->begin();i != shellFlag->end();i++) |
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118 | if (i->second) delete i->second; |
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119 | |
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120 | if (ionizationEnergy) |
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121 | delete ionizationEnergy; |
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122 | if (resonanceEnergy) |
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123 | delete resonanceEnergy; |
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124 | if (occupationNumber) |
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125 | delete occupationNumber; |
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126 | if (shellFlag) |
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127 | delete shellFlag; |
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128 | } |
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129 | |
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130 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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131 | |
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132 | void G4PenelopeIonisationModel::Initialise(const G4ParticleDefinition* particle, |
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133 | const G4DataVector& cuts) |
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134 | { |
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135 | if (verboseLevel > 3) |
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136 | G4cout << "Calling G4PenelopeIonisationModel::Initialise()" << G4endl; |
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137 | |
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138 | InitialiseElementSelectors(particle,cuts); |
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139 | |
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140 | //Delete and re-initialize the cross section handler |
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141 | if (crossSectionHandler) |
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142 | { |
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143 | crossSectionHandler->Clear(); |
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144 | delete crossSectionHandler; |
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145 | } |
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146 | |
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147 | if (theXSTable) |
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148 | { |
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149 | for (size_t i=0; i<theXSTable->size(); i++) |
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150 | delete (*theXSTable)[i]; |
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151 | delete theXSTable; |
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152 | } |
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153 | |
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154 | |
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155 | if (LowEnergyLimit() < fIntrinsicLowEnergyLimit) |
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156 | { |
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157 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel: low energy limit increased from " << |
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158 | LowEnergyLimit()/eV << " eV to " << fIntrinsicLowEnergyLimit/eV << " eV" << G4endl; |
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159 | SetLowEnergyLimit(fIntrinsicLowEnergyLimit); |
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160 | } |
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161 | if (HighEnergyLimit() > fIntrinsicHighEnergyLimit) |
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162 | { |
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163 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel: high energy limit decreased from " << |
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164 | HighEnergyLimit()/GeV << " GeV to " << fIntrinsicHighEnergyLimit/GeV << " GeV" << G4endl; |
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165 | SetHighEnergyLimit(fIntrinsicHighEnergyLimit); |
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166 | } |
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167 | |
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168 | crossSectionHandler = new G4CrossSectionHandler(); |
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169 | crossSectionHandler->Clear(); |
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170 | G4String crossSectionFile = "NULL"; |
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171 | |
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172 | if (particle == G4Electron::Electron()) |
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173 | crossSectionFile = "penelope/ion-cs-el-"; |
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174 | else if (particle == G4Positron::Positron()) |
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175 | crossSectionFile = "penelope/ion-cs-po-"; |
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176 | crossSectionHandler->LoadData(crossSectionFile); |
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177 | //This is used to retrieve cross section values later on |
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178 | crossSectionHandler->BuildMeanFreePathForMaterials(); |
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179 | |
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180 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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181 | G4cout << "Loaded cross section files for PenelopeIonisationModel" << G4endl; |
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182 | |
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183 | |
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184 | G4cout << "Penelope Ionisation model is initialized " << G4endl |
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185 | << "Energy range: " |
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186 | << LowEnergyLimit() / keV << " keV - " |
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187 | << HighEnergyLimit() / GeV << " GeV" |
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188 | << G4endl; |
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189 | |
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190 | if(isInitialised) return; |
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191 | |
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192 | if(pParticleChange) |
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193 | fParticleChange = reinterpret_cast<G4ParticleChangeForLoss*>(pParticleChange); |
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194 | else |
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195 | fParticleChange = new G4ParticleChangeForLoss(); |
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196 | isInitialised = true; |
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197 | } |
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198 | |
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199 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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200 | |
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201 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(const G4Material* material, |
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202 | const G4ParticleDefinition* theParticle, |
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203 | G4double energy, |
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204 | G4double cutEnergy, |
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205 | G4double) |
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206 | { |
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207 | // Penelope model to calculate the cross section for inelastic collisions above the |
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208 | // threshold. It makes use of the Generalised Oscillator Strength (GOS) model from |
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209 | // D. Liljequist, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16 (1983) 1567 |
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210 | // |
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211 | // The total cross section (hard+soft) is read from a database file (element per |
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212 | // element), while the ratio hard-to-total is calculated analytically by taking |
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213 | // into account the atomic oscillators coming into the play for a given threshold. |
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214 | // This is done by the method CalculateCrossSectionsRatio(). |
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215 | // For incident e- the maximum energy allowed for the delta-rays is energy/2. |
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216 | // because particles are undistinghishable. |
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217 | // |
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218 | // The contribution is splitted in three parts: distant longitudinal collisions, |
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219 | // distant transverse collisions and close collisions. Each term is described by |
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220 | // its own analytical function. |
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221 | // Fermi density correction is calculated analytically according to |
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222 | // U. Fano, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 13 (1963),1 |
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223 | // |
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224 | if (verboseLevel > 3) |
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225 | G4cout << "Calling CrossSectionPerVolume() of G4PenelopeIonisationModel" << G4endl; |
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226 | |
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227 | SetupForMaterial(theParticle, material, energy); |
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228 | |
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229 | if (!crossSectionHandler) |
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230 | { |
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231 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CrossSectionPerVolume" << G4endl; |
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232 | G4cout << "The cross section handler is not correctly initialized" << G4endl; |
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233 | G4Exception(); |
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234 | } |
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235 | |
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236 | if (!theXSTable) |
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237 | { |
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238 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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239 | { |
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240 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CrossSectionPerVolume" << G4endl; |
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241 | G4cout << "Going to build Cross Section table " << G4endl; |
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242 | } |
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243 | theXSTable = new std::vector<G4VEMDataSet*>; |
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244 | theXSTable = BuildCrossSectionTable(theParticle); |
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245 | } |
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246 | |
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247 | G4double totalCross = 0.0; |
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248 | G4double cross = 0.0; |
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249 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector(); |
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250 | const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = material->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume(); |
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251 | G4double electronVolumeDensity = |
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252 | material->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume(); //electron density |
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253 | |
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254 | if (verboseLevel > 4) |
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255 | G4cout << "Electron volume density of " << material->GetName() << ": " << |
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256 | electronVolumeDensity*cm3 << " electrons/cm3" << G4endl; |
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257 | |
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258 | G4int nelm = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
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259 | for (G4int i=0; i<nelm; i++) |
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260 | { |
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261 | G4int iZ = (G4int) (*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ(); |
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262 | G4double ratio = CalculateCrossSectionsRatio(energy,cutEnergy,iZ,electronVolumeDensity, |
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263 | theParticle); |
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264 | cross += theAtomNumDensityVector[i]* |
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265 | crossSectionHandler->FindValue(iZ,energy)*ratio; |
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266 | totalCross += theAtomNumDensityVector[i]* |
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267 | crossSectionHandler->FindValue(iZ,energy); |
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268 | } |
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269 | |
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270 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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271 | { |
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272 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel " << G4endl; |
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273 | G4cout << "Mean free path for delta emission > " << cutEnergy/keV << " keV at " << |
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274 | energy/keV << " keV = " << (1./cross)/mm << " mm" << G4endl; |
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275 | G4cout << "Total free path for ionisation (no threshold) at " << |
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276 | energy/keV << " keV = " << (1./totalCross)/mm << " mm" << G4endl; |
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277 | } |
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278 | return cross; |
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279 | } |
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280 | |
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281 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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282 | |
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283 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::ComputeDEDXPerVolume(const G4Material* material, |
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284 | const G4ParticleDefinition* theParticle, |
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285 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
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286 | G4double cutEnergy) |
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287 | { |
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288 | // Penelope model to calculate the stopping power for soft inelastic collisions |
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289 | // below the threshold. It makes use of the Generalised Oscillator Strength (GOS) |
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290 | // model from |
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291 | // D. Liljequist, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16 (1983) 1567 |
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292 | // |
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293 | // The stopping power is calculated analytically using the dsigma/dW cross |
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294 | // section from the GOS models, which includes separate contributions from |
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295 | // distant longitudinal collisions, distant transverse collisions and |
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296 | // close collisions. Only the atomic oscillators that come in the play |
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297 | // (according to the threshold) are considered for the calculation. |
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298 | // Differential cross sections have a different form for e+ and e-. |
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299 | // |
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300 | // Fermi density correction is calculated analytically according to |
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301 | // U. Fano, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 13 (1963),1 |
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302 | |
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303 | if (verboseLevel > 3) |
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304 | G4cout << "Calling ComputeDEDX() of G4PenelopeIonisationModel" << G4endl; |
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305 | |
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306 | G4double sPower = 0.0; |
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307 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector(); |
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308 | const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = material->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume(); |
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309 | G4double electronVolumeDensity = |
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310 | material->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume(); //electron density |
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311 | |
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312 | //Loop on the elements in the material |
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313 | G4int nelm = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
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314 | for (G4int i=0; i<nelm; i++) |
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315 | { |
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316 | G4int iZ = (G4int) (*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ(); |
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317 | |
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318 | //Calculate stopping power contribution from each element |
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319 | //Constants |
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320 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kineticEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
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321 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
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322 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
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323 | G4double constant = pi*classic_electr_radius*classic_electr_radius |
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324 | *2.0*electron_mass_c2/beta2; |
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325 | |
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326 | G4double delta = CalculateDeltaFermi(kineticEnergy,iZ,electronVolumeDensity); |
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327 | G4int nbOsc = (G4int) resonanceEnergy->find(iZ)->second->size(); |
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328 | G4double stoppingPowerForElement = 0.0; |
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329 | //Loop on oscillators of element Z |
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330 | for (G4int iosc=0;iosc<nbOsc;iosc++) |
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331 | { |
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332 | G4double S1 = 0.0; |
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333 | G4double resEnergy = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(iZ)->second))[iosc]; |
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334 | if (theParticle == G4Electron::Electron()) |
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335 | S1 = ComputeStoppingPowerForElectrons(kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,delta,resEnergy); |
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336 | else if (theParticle == G4Positron::Positron()) |
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337 | S1 = ComputeStoppingPowerForPositrons(kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,delta,resEnergy); |
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338 | G4double occupNb = (*(occupationNumber->find(iZ)->second))[iosc]; |
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339 | stoppingPowerForElement += occupNb*constant*S1; |
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340 | } |
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341 | |
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342 | sPower += stoppingPowerForElement*theAtomNumDensityVector[i]; |
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343 | } |
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344 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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345 | { |
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346 | G4cout << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel " << G4endl; |
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347 | G4cout << "Stopping power < " << cutEnergy/keV << " keV at " << |
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348 | kineticEnergy/keV << " keV = " << sPower/(keV/mm) << " keV/mm" << G4endl; |
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349 | } |
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350 | return sPower; |
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351 | } |
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352 | |
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353 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
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354 | |
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355 | void G4PenelopeIonisationModel::SampleSecondaries(std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* fvect, |
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356 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
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357 | const G4DynamicParticle* aDynamicParticle, |
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358 | G4double, |
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359 | G4double) |
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360 | { |
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361 | // Penelope model to sample the final state following an hard inelastic interaction. |
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362 | // It makes use of the Generalised Oscillator Strength (GOS) model from |
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363 | // D. Liljequist, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 16 (1983) 1567 |
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364 | // |
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365 | // The GOS model is used to calculate the individual cross sections for all |
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366 | // the atomic oscillators coming in the play, taking into account the three |
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367 | // contributions (distant longitudinal collisions, distant transverse collisions and |
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368 | // close collisions). Then the target shell and the interaction channel are |
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369 | // sampled. Final state of the delta-ray (energy, angle) are generated according |
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370 | // to the analytical distributions (dSigma/dW) for the selected interaction |
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371 | // channels. |
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372 | // For e-, the maximum energy for the delta-ray is initialEnergy/2. (because |
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373 | // particles are indistinghusbable), while it is the full initialEnergy for |
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374 | // e+. |
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375 | // The efficiency of the random sampling algorithm (e.g. for close collisions) |
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376 | // decreases when initial and cutoff energy increase (e.g. 87% for 10-keV primary |
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377 | // and 1 keV threshold, 99% for 10-MeV primary and 10-keV threshold). |
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378 | // Differential cross sections have a different form for e+ and e-. |
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379 | // |
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380 | // WARNING: The model provides an _average_ description of inelastic collisions. |
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381 | // Anyway, the energy spectrum associated to distant excitations of a given |
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382 | // atomic shell is approximated as a single resonance. The simulated energy spectra |
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383 | // show _unphysical_ narrow peaks at energies that are multiple of the shell |
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384 | // resonance energies. The spurious speaks are automatically smoothed out after |
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385 | // multiple inelastic collisions. |
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386 | // |
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387 | // The model determines also the original shell from which the delta-ray is expelled, |
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388 | // in order to produce fluorescence de-excitation (from G4DeexcitationManager) |
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389 | // |
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390 | // Fermi density correction is calculated analytically according to |
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391 | // U. Fano, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Sci. 13 (1963),1 |
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392 | |
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393 | if (verboseLevel > 3) |
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394 | G4cout << "Calling SamplingSecondaries() of G4PenelopeIonisationModel" << G4endl; |
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395 | |
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396 | G4double kineticEnergy0 = aDynamicParticle->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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397 | const G4ParticleDefinition* theParticle = aDynamicParticle->GetDefinition(); |
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398 | |
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399 | if (kineticEnergy0 <= LowEnergyLimit()) |
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400 | { |
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401 | fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(0.); |
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402 | fParticleChange->ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(kineticEnergy0); |
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403 | //Check if there are AtRest processes |
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404 | if (theParticle->GetProcessManager()->GetAtRestProcessVector()->size()) |
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405 | //In this case there is at least one AtRest process |
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406 | fParticleChange->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive); |
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407 | else |
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408 | fParticleChange->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill); |
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409 | return ; |
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410 | } |
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411 | const G4double electronVolumeDensity = |
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412 | couple->GetMaterial()->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume(); |
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413 | G4ParticleMomentum particleDirection0 = aDynamicParticle->GetMomentumDirection(); |
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414 | |
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415 | //Initialise final-state variables. The proper values will be set by the methods |
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416 | // CalculateDiscreteForElectrons() and CalculateDiscreteForPositrons() |
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417 | kineticEnergy1=kineticEnergy0; |
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418 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
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419 | energySecondary=0.0; |
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420 | cosThetaSecondary=1.0; |
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421 | |
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422 | // Select randomly one element in the current material |
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423 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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424 | G4cout << "Going to select element in " << couple->GetMaterial()->GetName() << G4endl; |
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425 | |
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426 | //Use sampler of G4CrossSectionHandler for now |
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427 | // atom can be selected effitiantly if element selectors are initialised |
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428 | //const G4Element* anElement = SelectRandomAtom(couple,theParticle,kineticEnergy0); |
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429 | |
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430 | G4int iZ = SampleRandomAtom(couple,kineticEnergy0); |
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431 | |
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432 | G4double cutForLowEnergySecondaryParticles = 250.0*eV; |
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433 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
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434 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
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435 | size_t indx = couple->GetIndex(); |
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436 | G4double cutE = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1)))[indx]; |
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437 | G4double cutG = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(0)))[indx]; |
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438 | |
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439 | //Production cut for delta-rays (electrons) |
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440 | cutE = std::max(cutForLowEnergySecondaryParticles,cutE); |
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441 | //Production cut for gamma (fluorescence) |
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442 | cutG = std::max(cutForLowEnergySecondaryParticles,cutG); |
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443 | |
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444 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
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445 | G4cout << "Selected Z = " << iZ << G4endl; |
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446 | |
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447 | // The method CalculateDiscreteForXXXX() set the private variables: |
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448 | // kineticEnergy1 = energy of the primary electron/positron after the interaction |
---|
449 | // cosThetaPrimary = std::cos(theta) of the primary after the interaction |
---|
450 | // energySecondary = energy of the secondary electron |
---|
451 | // cosThetaSecondary = std::cos(theta) of the secondary |
---|
452 | if (theParticle == G4Electron::Electron()) |
---|
453 | CalculateDiscreteForElectrons(kineticEnergy0,cutE,iZ,electronVolumeDensity); |
---|
454 | else if (theParticle == G4Positron::Positron()) |
---|
455 | CalculateDiscreteForPositrons(kineticEnergy0,cutE,iZ,electronVolumeDensity); |
---|
456 | |
---|
457 | // if (energySecondary == 0) return; |
---|
458 | |
---|
459 | //Update the primary particle |
---|
460 | G4double sint = std::sqrt(1. - cosThetaPrimary*cosThetaPrimary); |
---|
461 | G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand(); |
---|
462 | G4double dirx = sint * std::cos(phi); |
---|
463 | G4double diry = sint * std::sin(phi); |
---|
464 | G4double dirz = cosThetaPrimary; |
---|
465 | |
---|
466 | G4ThreeVector electronDirection1(dirx,diry,dirz); |
---|
467 | electronDirection1.rotateUz(particleDirection0); |
---|
468 | |
---|
469 | if (kineticEnergy1 > 0) |
---|
470 | { |
---|
471 | fParticleChange->ProposeMomentumDirection(electronDirection1); |
---|
472 | fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(kineticEnergy1); |
---|
473 | } |
---|
474 | else |
---|
475 | { |
---|
476 | fParticleChange->ProposeMomentumDirection(electronDirection1); |
---|
477 | fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(0.*eV); |
---|
478 | if (theParticle->GetProcessManager()->GetAtRestProcessVector()->size()) |
---|
479 | //In this case there is at least one AtRest process |
---|
480 | fParticleChange->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive); |
---|
481 | else |
---|
482 | fParticleChange->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill); |
---|
483 | } |
---|
484 | |
---|
485 | //Generate the delta ray |
---|
486 | G4int iosc2 = 0; |
---|
487 | G4double ioniEnergy = 0.0; |
---|
488 | if (iOsc > 0) { |
---|
489 | ioniEnergy=(*(ionizationEnergy->find(iZ)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
490 | iosc2 = (ionizationEnergy->find(iZ)->second->size()) - iOsc; //they are in reversed order |
---|
491 | } |
---|
492 | |
---|
493 | const G4AtomicTransitionManager* transitionManager = G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance(); |
---|
494 | G4double bindingEnergy = 0.0; |
---|
495 | G4int shellId = 0; |
---|
496 | if (iOsc > 0) |
---|
497 | { |
---|
498 | const G4AtomicShell* shell = transitionManager->Shell(iZ,iosc2-1); // Modified by Alf |
---|
499 | bindingEnergy = shell->BindingEnergy(); |
---|
500 | shellId = shell->ShellId(); |
---|
501 | } |
---|
502 | |
---|
503 | G4double ionEnergy = bindingEnergy; //energy spent to ionise the atom according to G4dabatase |
---|
504 | G4double eKineticEnergy = energySecondary; |
---|
505 | |
---|
506 | //This is an awful thing: Penelope generates the fluorescence only for L and K shells |
---|
507 | //(i.e. Osc = 1 --> 4). For high-Z, the other shells can be quite relevant. In this case |
---|
508 | //one MUST ensure ''by hand'' the energy conservation. Then there is the other problem that |
---|
509 | //the fluorescence database of Penelope doesn not match that of Geant4. |
---|
510 | |
---|
511 | G4double energyBalance = kineticEnergy0 - kineticEnergy1 - energySecondary; //Penelope Balance |
---|
512 | |
---|
513 | if (std::abs(energyBalance) < 1*eV) |
---|
514 | //in this case Penelope didn't subtract the fluorescence energy: do here by hand |
---|
515 | eKineticEnergy = energySecondary - bindingEnergy; |
---|
516 | else |
---|
517 | //Penelope subtracted the fluorescence, but one has to match the databases |
---|
518 | eKineticEnergy = energySecondary+ioniEnergy-bindingEnergy; |
---|
519 | |
---|
520 | //VERIFICA QUI LA STORIA DEL LOCAL ENERGY DEPOSIT! |
---|
521 | |
---|
522 | G4double localEnergyDeposit = ionEnergy; |
---|
523 | G4double energyInFluorescence = 0.0*eV; |
---|
524 | |
---|
525 | std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*> *photonVector = 0; |
---|
526 | if (fUseAtomicDeexcitation) |
---|
527 | { |
---|
528 | if (iZ>5 && (ionEnergy > cutG || ionEnergy > cutE)) |
---|
529 | { |
---|
530 | photonVector = deexcitationManager.GenerateParticles(iZ,shellId); |
---|
531 | //Check for single photons if they are above threshold |
---|
532 | for (size_t k=0;k<photonVector->size();k++) |
---|
533 | { |
---|
534 | G4DynamicParticle* aPhoton = (*photonVector)[k]; |
---|
535 | if (aPhoton) |
---|
536 | { |
---|
537 | G4double itsCut = cutG; |
---|
538 | if (aPhoton->GetDefinition() == G4Electron::Electron()) itsCut = cutE; |
---|
539 | G4double itsEnergy = aPhoton->GetKineticEnergy(); |
---|
540 | if (itsEnergy > itsCut && itsEnergy <= ionEnergy) |
---|
541 | { |
---|
542 | localEnergyDeposit -= itsEnergy; |
---|
543 | energyInFluorescence += itsEnergy; |
---|
544 | } |
---|
545 | else |
---|
546 | { |
---|
547 | delete aPhoton; |
---|
548 | (*photonVector)[k] = 0; |
---|
549 | } |
---|
550 | } |
---|
551 | } |
---|
552 | } |
---|
553 | } |
---|
554 | |
---|
555 | // Generate the delta ray |
---|
556 | G4double sin2 = std::sqrt(1. - cosThetaSecondary*cosThetaSecondary); |
---|
557 | G4double phi2 = twopi * G4UniformRand(); |
---|
558 | |
---|
559 | G4double xEl = sin2 * std::cos(phi2); |
---|
560 | G4double yEl = sin2 * std::sin(phi2); |
---|
561 | G4double zEl = cosThetaSecondary; |
---|
562 | G4ThreeVector eDirection(xEl,yEl,zEl); //electron direction |
---|
563 | eDirection.rotateUz(particleDirection0); |
---|
564 | |
---|
565 | G4DynamicParticle* deltaElectron = new G4DynamicParticle (G4Electron::Electron(), |
---|
566 | eDirection,eKineticEnergy) ; |
---|
567 | fvect->push_back(deltaElectron); |
---|
568 | |
---|
569 | //Generate fluorescence, if it is the case |
---|
570 | //This block is executed only if there is at least one secondary photon produced by |
---|
571 | //G4AtomicDeexcitation |
---|
572 | if (photonVector) |
---|
573 | { |
---|
574 | for (size_t ll=0;ll<photonVector->size();ll++) |
---|
575 | if ((*photonVector)[ll]) |
---|
576 | { |
---|
577 | G4DynamicParticle* aFluorescencePhoton = (*photonVector)[ll]; |
---|
578 | fvect->push_back(aFluorescencePhoton); |
---|
579 | } |
---|
580 | } |
---|
581 | delete photonVector; |
---|
582 | |
---|
583 | if (localEnergyDeposit < 0) |
---|
584 | { |
---|
585 | G4cout << "WARNING-" |
---|
586 | << "G4PenelopeIonisationModel::SampleSecondaries - Negative energy deposit" |
---|
587 | << G4endl; |
---|
588 | localEnergyDeposit=0.; |
---|
589 | } |
---|
590 | fParticleChange->ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(localEnergyDeposit); |
---|
591 | |
---|
592 | if (verboseLevel > 1) |
---|
593 | { |
---|
594 | G4cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------" << G4endl; |
---|
595 | G4cout << "Energy balance from G4PenelopeIonisation" << G4endl; |
---|
596 | G4cout << "Incoming primary energy: " << kineticEnergy0/keV << " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
597 | G4cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------" << G4endl; |
---|
598 | G4cout << "Outgoing primary energy: " << kineticEnergy1/keV << " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
599 | G4cout << "Delta ray " << eKineticEnergy/keV << " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
600 | G4cout << "Fluorescence: " << energyInFluorescence/keV << " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
601 | G4cout << "Local energy deposit " << localEnergyDeposit/keV << " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
602 | G4cout << "Total final state: " << (eKineticEnergy+energyInFluorescence+kineticEnergy1+ |
---|
603 | localEnergyDeposit)/keV << |
---|
604 | " keV" << G4endl; |
---|
605 | G4cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------" << G4endl; |
---|
606 | } |
---|
607 | if (verboseLevel > 0) |
---|
608 | { |
---|
609 | G4double energyDiff = std::fabs(eKineticEnergy+energyInFluorescence+kineticEnergy1+ |
---|
610 | localEnergyDeposit-kineticEnergy0); |
---|
611 | if (energyDiff > 0.05*keV) |
---|
612 | G4cout << "Warning from G4PenelopeIonisation: problem with energy conservation: " << |
---|
613 | (eKineticEnergy+energyInFluorescence+kineticEnergy1+localEnergyDeposit)/keV << |
---|
614 | " keV (final) vs. " << |
---|
615 | kineticEnergy0/keV << " keV (initial)" << G4endl; |
---|
616 | } |
---|
617 | } |
---|
618 | |
---|
619 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
620 | |
---|
621 | void G4PenelopeIonisationModel::ReadData() |
---|
622 | { |
---|
623 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
---|
624 | { |
---|
625 | G4cout << "Data from G4PenelopeIonisationModel read " << G4endl; |
---|
626 | } |
---|
627 | char* path = getenv("G4LEDATA"); |
---|
628 | if (!path) |
---|
629 | { |
---|
630 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel - G4LEDATA environment variable not set!"; |
---|
631 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
632 | } |
---|
633 | G4String pathString(path); |
---|
634 | G4String pathFile = pathString + "/penelope/ion-pen.dat"; |
---|
635 | std::ifstream file(pathFile); |
---|
636 | |
---|
637 | if (!file.is_open()) |
---|
638 | { |
---|
639 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel - data file " + pathFile + " not found!"; |
---|
640 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
641 | } |
---|
642 | |
---|
643 | if (!ionizationEnergy || !resonanceEnergy || !occupationNumber || !shellFlag) |
---|
644 | { |
---|
645 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel: problem with reading data from file"; |
---|
646 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
647 | } |
---|
648 | |
---|
649 | G4int Z=1,nLevels=0; |
---|
650 | G4int test,test1; |
---|
651 | |
---|
652 | do{ |
---|
653 | G4DataVector* occVector = new G4DataVector; |
---|
654 | G4DataVector* ionEVector = new G4DataVector; |
---|
655 | G4DataVector* resEVector = new G4DataVector; |
---|
656 | G4DataVector* shellIndVector = new G4DataVector; |
---|
657 | file >> Z >> nLevels; |
---|
658 | G4double a1,a2,a3,a4; |
---|
659 | G4int k1,k2,k3; |
---|
660 | for (G4int h=0;h<nLevels;h++) |
---|
661 | { |
---|
662 | //index,occup number,ion energy,res energy,fj0,kz,shell flag |
---|
663 | file >> k1 >> a1 >> a2 >> a3 >> a4 >> k2 >> k3; |
---|
664 | //Make explicit unit of measurements for ionisation and resonance energy, |
---|
665 | // which is MeV |
---|
666 | a2 *= MeV; |
---|
667 | a3 *= MeV; |
---|
668 | // |
---|
669 | occVector->push_back(a1); |
---|
670 | ionEVector->push_back(a2); |
---|
671 | resEVector->push_back(a3); |
---|
672 | shellIndVector->push_back((G4double) k3); |
---|
673 | } |
---|
674 | //Ok, done for element Z |
---|
675 | occupationNumber->insert(std::make_pair(Z,occVector)); |
---|
676 | ionizationEnergy->insert(std::make_pair(Z,ionEVector)); |
---|
677 | resonanceEnergy->insert(std::make_pair(Z,resEVector)); |
---|
678 | shellFlag->insert(std::make_pair(Z,shellIndVector)); |
---|
679 | file >> test >> test1; //-1 -1 close the data for each Z |
---|
680 | if (test > 0) { |
---|
681 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel - data file corrupted!"; |
---|
682 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
683 | } |
---|
684 | }while (test != -2); //the very last Z is closed with -2 instead of -1 |
---|
685 | } |
---|
686 | |
---|
687 | |
---|
688 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
689 | |
---|
690 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CalculateDeltaFermi(G4double kinEnergy ,G4int Z, |
---|
691 | G4double electronVolumeDensity) |
---|
692 | { |
---|
693 | G4double plasmaEnergyCoefficient = 1.377e-39*(MeV*MeV*m3); //(e*hbar)^2/(epsilon0*electron_mass) |
---|
694 | G4double plasmaEnergySquared = plasmaEnergyCoefficient*electronVolumeDensity; |
---|
695 | // std::sqrt(plasmaEnergySquared) is the plasma energy of the solid (MeV) |
---|
696 | G4double gam = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
697 | G4double gam2=gam*gam; |
---|
698 | G4double delta = 0.0; |
---|
699 | |
---|
700 | //Density effect |
---|
701 | G4double TST = ((G4double) Z)/(gam2*plasmaEnergySquared); |
---|
702 | |
---|
703 | G4double wl2 = 0.0; |
---|
704 | G4double fdel=0.0; |
---|
705 | G4double wr=0; |
---|
706 | size_t nbOsc = resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second->size(); |
---|
707 | for(size_t i=0;i<nbOsc;i++) |
---|
708 | { |
---|
709 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
710 | wr = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
711 | fdel += occupNb/(wr*wr+wl2); |
---|
712 | } |
---|
713 | if (fdel < TST) return delta; |
---|
714 | G4double help1 = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[nbOsc-1]; |
---|
715 | wl2 = help1*help1; |
---|
716 | do{ |
---|
717 | wl2=wl2*2.0; |
---|
718 | fdel = 0.0; |
---|
719 | for (size_t ii=0;ii<nbOsc;ii++){ |
---|
720 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[ii]; |
---|
721 | wr = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[ii]; |
---|
722 | fdel += occupNb/(wr*wr+wl2); |
---|
723 | } |
---|
724 | }while (fdel > TST); |
---|
725 | G4double wl2l=0.0; |
---|
726 | G4double wl2u = wl2; |
---|
727 | G4double control = 0.0; |
---|
728 | do{ |
---|
729 | wl2=0.5*(wl2l+wl2u); |
---|
730 | fdel = 0.0; |
---|
731 | for (size_t jj=0;jj<nbOsc;jj++){ |
---|
732 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[jj]; |
---|
733 | wr = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[jj]; |
---|
734 | fdel += occupNb/(wr*wr+wl2); |
---|
735 | } |
---|
736 | if (fdel > TST) |
---|
737 | wl2l = wl2; |
---|
738 | else |
---|
739 | wl2u = wl2; |
---|
740 | control = wl2u-wl2l-wl2*1e-12; |
---|
741 | }while(control>0); |
---|
742 | |
---|
743 | //Density correction effect |
---|
744 | for (size_t kk=0;kk<nbOsc;kk++){ |
---|
745 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[kk]; |
---|
746 | wr = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[kk]; |
---|
747 | delta += occupNb*std::log(1.0+wl2/(wr*wr)); |
---|
748 | } |
---|
749 | delta = (delta/((G4double) Z))-wl2/(gam2*plasmaEnergySquared); |
---|
750 | return delta; |
---|
751 | } |
---|
752 | |
---|
753 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
754 | |
---|
755 | void G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CalculateDiscreteForElectrons(G4double kinEnergy,G4double cutoffEnergy, |
---|
756 | G4int Z,G4double electronVolumeDensity) |
---|
757 | { |
---|
758 | if (verboseLevel > 2) |
---|
759 | G4cout << "Entering in CalculateDiscreteForElectrons() for energy " << |
---|
760 | kinEnergy/keV << " keV " << G4endl; |
---|
761 | |
---|
762 | //Initialization of variables to be calculated in this routine |
---|
763 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy; |
---|
764 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
765 | energySecondary=0.0; |
---|
766 | cosThetaSecondary=1.0; |
---|
767 | iOsc=-1; |
---|
768 | |
---|
769 | //constants |
---|
770 | G4double rb=kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2; |
---|
771 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
772 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
773 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
774 | G4double amol = (gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
775 | G4double cps = kinEnergy*rb; |
---|
776 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
777 | |
---|
778 | G4double delta = CalculateDeltaFermi(kinEnergy,Z,electronVolumeDensity); |
---|
779 | G4double distantTransvCS0 = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-delta,0.0); |
---|
780 | |
---|
781 | G4double rl,rl1; |
---|
782 | |
---|
783 | if (cutoffEnergy > kinEnergy) return; //delta rays are not generated |
---|
784 | |
---|
785 | G4DataVector* qm = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
786 | G4DataVector* cumulHardCS = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
787 | std::vector<G4int> *typeOfInteraction = new std::vector<G4int>; |
---|
788 | G4DataVector* nbOfLevel = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
789 | |
---|
790 | //Hard close collisions with outer shells |
---|
791 | G4double wmaxc = 0.5*kinEnergy; |
---|
792 | G4double closeCS0 = 0.0; |
---|
793 | G4double closeCS = 0.0; |
---|
794 | if (cutoffEnergy>0.1*eV) |
---|
795 | { |
---|
796 | rl=cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
797 | rl1=1.0-rl; |
---|
798 | if (rl < 0.5) |
---|
799 | closeCS0 = (amol*(0.5-rl)+(1.0/rl)-(1.0/rl1)+(1.0-amol)*std::log(rl/rl1))/kinEnergy; |
---|
800 | } |
---|
801 | |
---|
802 | // Cross sections for the different oscillators |
---|
803 | |
---|
804 | // totalHardCS contains the cumulative hard interaction cross section for the different |
---|
805 | // excitable levels and the different interaction channels (close, distant, etc.), |
---|
806 | // i.e. |
---|
807 | // cumulHardCS[0] = 0.0 |
---|
808 | // cumulHardCS[1] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal only) |
---|
809 | // cumulHardCS[2] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal + transverse) |
---|
810 | // cumulHardCS[3] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal + transverse + close) |
---|
811 | // cumulHardCS[4] = 1st excitable level (all channels) + 2nd excitable level (distant long only) |
---|
812 | // etc. |
---|
813 | // This is used for sampling the atomic level which is ionised and the channel of the |
---|
814 | // interaction. |
---|
815 | // |
---|
816 | // For each index iFill of the cumulHardCS vector, |
---|
817 | // nbOfLevel[iFill] contains the current excitable atomic level and |
---|
818 | // typeOfInteraction[iFill] contains the current interaction channel, with the legenda: |
---|
819 | // 1 = distant longitudinal interaction |
---|
820 | // 2 = distant transverse interaction |
---|
821 | // 3 = close collision |
---|
822 | // 4 = close collision with outer shells (in this case nbOfLevel < 0 --> no binding energy) |
---|
823 | |
---|
824 | |
---|
825 | G4int nOscil = ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second->size(); |
---|
826 | G4double totalHardCS = 0.0; |
---|
827 | G4double involvedElectrons = 0.0; |
---|
828 | for (G4int i=0;i<nOscil;i++){ |
---|
829 | G4double wi = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
830 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
831 | |
---|
832 | //Distant excitations |
---|
833 | if (wi>cutoffEnergy && wi<kinEnergy) |
---|
834 | { |
---|
835 | if (wi>(1e-6*kinEnergy)) |
---|
836 | { |
---|
837 | G4double cpp=std::sqrt((kinEnergy-wi)*(kinEnergy-wi+2.0*electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
838 | qm->push_back(std::sqrt((cp-cpp)*(cp-cpp)+electron_mass_c2*electron_mass_c2)-electron_mass_c2); |
---|
839 | } |
---|
840 | else |
---|
841 | { |
---|
842 | qm->push_back((wi*wi)/(beta2*2.0*electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
843 | } |
---|
844 | if ((*qm)[i] < wi) |
---|
845 | { |
---|
846 | |
---|
847 | G4double distantLongitCS = occupNb*std::log(wi*((*qm)[i]+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/ |
---|
848 | ((*qm)[i]*(wi+2.0*electron_mass_c2)))/wi; |
---|
849 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
850 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(1); //distant longitudinal |
---|
851 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); //only excitable level are counted |
---|
852 | totalHardCS += distantLongitCS; |
---|
853 | |
---|
854 | G4double distantTransvCS = occupNb*distantTransvCS0/wi; |
---|
855 | |
---|
856 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
857 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(2); //distant tranverse |
---|
858 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); |
---|
859 | totalHardCS += distantTransvCS; |
---|
860 | } |
---|
861 | } |
---|
862 | else |
---|
863 | qm->push_back(wi); |
---|
864 | |
---|
865 | //close collisions |
---|
866 | if(wi < wmaxc) |
---|
867 | { |
---|
868 | if (wi < cutoffEnergy) |
---|
869 | involvedElectrons += occupNb; |
---|
870 | else |
---|
871 | { |
---|
872 | rl=wi/kinEnergy; |
---|
873 | rl1=1.0-rl; |
---|
874 | closeCS = occupNb*(amol*(0.5-rl)+(1.0/rl)-(1.0/rl1)+(1.0-amol)*std::log(rl/rl1))/kinEnergy; |
---|
875 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
876 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(3); //close |
---|
877 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); |
---|
878 | totalHardCS += closeCS; |
---|
879 | } |
---|
880 | } |
---|
881 | } // loop on the levels |
---|
882 | |
---|
883 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
884 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(4); //close interaction with outer shells |
---|
885 | nbOfLevel->push_back(-1.0); |
---|
886 | totalHardCS += involvedElectrons*closeCS0; |
---|
887 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); //this is the final value of the totalHardCS |
---|
888 | |
---|
889 | if (totalHardCS < 1e-30) { |
---|
890 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy; |
---|
891 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
892 | energySecondary=0.0; |
---|
893 | cosThetaSecondary=0.0; |
---|
894 | iOsc=-1; |
---|
895 | delete qm; |
---|
896 | delete cumulHardCS; |
---|
897 | delete typeOfInteraction; |
---|
898 | delete nbOfLevel; |
---|
899 | return; |
---|
900 | } |
---|
901 | |
---|
902 | //Testing purposes |
---|
903 | if (verboseLevel > 6) |
---|
904 | { |
---|
905 | for (size_t t=0;t<cumulHardCS->size();t++) |
---|
906 | G4cout << (*cumulHardCS)[t] << " " << (*typeOfInteraction)[t] << |
---|
907 | " " << (*nbOfLevel)[t] << G4endl; |
---|
908 | } |
---|
909 | |
---|
910 | //Selection of the active oscillator on the basis of the cumulative cross sections |
---|
911 | G4double TST = totalHardCS*G4UniformRand(); |
---|
912 | G4int is=0; |
---|
913 | G4int js= nbOfLevel->size(); |
---|
914 | do{ |
---|
915 | G4int it=(is+js)/2; |
---|
916 | if (TST > (*cumulHardCS)[it]) is=it; |
---|
917 | if (TST <= (*cumulHardCS)[it]) js=it; |
---|
918 | }while((js-is) > 1); |
---|
919 | |
---|
920 | G4double UII=0.0; |
---|
921 | G4double rkc=cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
922 | G4double dde; |
---|
923 | G4int kks; |
---|
924 | |
---|
925 | G4int sampledInteraction = (*typeOfInteraction)[is]; |
---|
926 | iOsc = (G4int) (*nbOfLevel)[is]; |
---|
927 | |
---|
928 | if (verboseLevel > 4) |
---|
929 | G4cout << "Chosen interaction #:" << sampledInteraction << " on level " << iOsc << G4endl; |
---|
930 | |
---|
931 | //Generates the final state according to the sampled level and |
---|
932 | //interaction channel |
---|
933 | |
---|
934 | if (sampledInteraction == 1) //Hard distant longitudinal collisions |
---|
935 | { |
---|
936 | dde= (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
937 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy-dde; |
---|
938 | G4double qs=(*qm)[iOsc]/(1.0+((*qm)[iOsc]/(2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
939 | G4double q=qs/(std::pow((qs/dde)*(1.0+(0.5*dde/electron_mass_c2)),G4UniformRand())-(0.5*qs/electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
940 | G4double qtrev = q*(q+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
941 | G4double cpps = kineticEnergy1*(kineticEnergy1+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
942 | cosThetaPrimary = (cpps+cps-qtrev)/(2.0*cp*std::sqrt(cpps)); |
---|
943 | if (cosThetaPrimary>1.0) cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
944 | //Energy and emission angle of the delta ray |
---|
945 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
946 | //kks > 4 means that we are in an outer shell |
---|
947 | if (kks>4) |
---|
948 | energySecondary=dde; |
---|
949 | else |
---|
950 | energySecondary=dde-(*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
951 | |
---|
952 | cosThetaSecondary = 0.5*(dde*(kinEnergy+rb-dde)+qtrev)/std::sqrt(cps*qtrev); |
---|
953 | if (cosThetaSecondary>1.0) cosThetaSecondary=1.0; |
---|
954 | } |
---|
955 | else if (sampledInteraction == 2) //Hard distant transverse collisions |
---|
956 | { |
---|
957 | dde=(*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
958 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy-dde; |
---|
959 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
960 | //Energy and emission angle of the delta ray |
---|
961 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
962 | if (kks>4) |
---|
963 | { |
---|
964 | energySecondary=dde; |
---|
965 | } |
---|
966 | else |
---|
967 | { |
---|
968 | energySecondary=dde-(*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
969 | } |
---|
970 | cosThetaSecondary = 1.0; |
---|
971 | } |
---|
972 | else if (sampledInteraction == 3 || sampledInteraction == 4) //Close interaction |
---|
973 | { |
---|
974 | if (sampledInteraction == 4) //interaction with inner shells |
---|
975 | { |
---|
976 | UII=0.0; |
---|
977 | rkc = cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
978 | iOsc = -1; |
---|
979 | } |
---|
980 | else |
---|
981 | { |
---|
982 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
983 | if (kks > 4) { |
---|
984 | UII=0.0; |
---|
985 | } |
---|
986 | else |
---|
987 | { |
---|
988 | UII = (*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
989 | } |
---|
990 | rkc = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]/kinEnergy; |
---|
991 | } |
---|
992 | G4double A = 0.5*amol; |
---|
993 | G4double arkc = A*0.5*rkc; |
---|
994 | G4double phi,rk2,rk,rkf; |
---|
995 | do{ |
---|
996 | G4double fb = (1.0+arkc)*G4UniformRand(); |
---|
997 | if (fb<1.0) |
---|
998 | { |
---|
999 | rk=rkc/(1.0-fb*(1.0-(rkc*2.0))); |
---|
1000 | } |
---|
1001 | else{ |
---|
1002 | rk = rkc+(fb-1.0)*(0.5-rkc)/arkc; |
---|
1003 | } |
---|
1004 | rk2 = rk*rk; |
---|
1005 | rkf = rk/(1.0-rk); |
---|
1006 | phi = 1.0+(rkf*rkf)-rkf+amol*(rk2+rkf); |
---|
1007 | }while ((G4UniformRand()*(1.0+A*rk2)) > phi); |
---|
1008 | //Energy and scattering angle (primary electron); |
---|
1009 | kineticEnergy1 = kinEnergy*(1.0-rk); |
---|
1010 | cosThetaPrimary = std::sqrt(kineticEnergy1*rb/(kinEnergy*(rb-(rk*kinEnergy)))); |
---|
1011 | //Energy and scattering angle of the delta ray |
---|
1012 | energySecondary = kinEnergy-kineticEnergy1-UII; |
---|
1013 | cosThetaSecondary = std::sqrt(rk*kinEnergy*rb/(kinEnergy*(rk*kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1014 | } |
---|
1015 | else |
---|
1016 | { |
---|
1017 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel - Error in the calculation of the final state"; |
---|
1018 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
1019 | } |
---|
1020 | |
---|
1021 | delete qm; |
---|
1022 | delete cumulHardCS; |
---|
1023 | |
---|
1024 | delete typeOfInteraction; |
---|
1025 | delete nbOfLevel; |
---|
1026 | |
---|
1027 | return; |
---|
1028 | } |
---|
1029 | |
---|
1030 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
1031 | |
---|
1032 | void G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CalculateDiscreteForPositrons(G4double kinEnergy,G4double cutoffEnergy, |
---|
1033 | G4int Z,G4double electronVolumeDensity) |
---|
1034 | { |
---|
1035 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy; |
---|
1036 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
1037 | energySecondary=0.0; |
---|
1038 | cosThetaSecondary=1.0; |
---|
1039 | iOsc=-1; |
---|
1040 | //constants |
---|
1041 | G4double rb=kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1042 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1043 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1044 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1045 | G4double amol = (gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1046 | G4double cps = kinEnergy*rb; |
---|
1047 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
1048 | G4double help = (gamma+1.0)*(gamma+1.0); |
---|
1049 | G4double bha1 = amol*(2.0*help-1.0)/(gamma2-1.0); |
---|
1050 | G4double bha2 = amol*(3.0+1.0/help); |
---|
1051 | G4double bha3 = amol*2.0*gamma*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1052 | G4double bha4 = amol*(gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1053 | |
---|
1054 | G4double delta = CalculateDeltaFermi(kinEnergy,Z,electronVolumeDensity); |
---|
1055 | G4double distantTransvCS0 = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-delta,0.0); |
---|
1056 | |
---|
1057 | G4double rl,rl1; |
---|
1058 | |
---|
1059 | if (cutoffEnergy > kinEnergy) return; //delta rays are not generated |
---|
1060 | |
---|
1061 | G4DataVector* qm = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
1062 | G4DataVector* cumulHardCS = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
1063 | std::vector<G4int> *typeOfInteraction = new std::vector<G4int>; |
---|
1064 | G4DataVector* nbOfLevel = new G4DataVector(); |
---|
1065 | |
---|
1066 | |
---|
1067 | //Hard close collisions with outer shells |
---|
1068 | G4double wmaxc = kinEnergy; |
---|
1069 | G4double closeCS0 = 0.0; |
---|
1070 | G4double closeCS = 0.0; |
---|
1071 | if (cutoffEnergy>0.1*eV) |
---|
1072 | { |
---|
1073 | rl=cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
1074 | rl1=1.0-rl; |
---|
1075 | if (rl < 1.0) |
---|
1076 | closeCS0 = (((1.0/rl)-1.0) + bha1*std::log(rl) + bha2*rl1 |
---|
1077 | + (bha3/2.0)*((rl*rl)-1.0) |
---|
1078 | + (bha4/3.0)*(1.0-(rl*rl*rl)))/kinEnergy; |
---|
1079 | } |
---|
1080 | |
---|
1081 | // Cross sections for the different oscillators |
---|
1082 | |
---|
1083 | // totalHardCS contains the cumulative hard interaction cross section for the different |
---|
1084 | // excitable levels and the different interaction channels (close, distant, etc.), |
---|
1085 | // i.e. |
---|
1086 | // cumulHardCS[0] = 0.0 |
---|
1087 | // cumulHardCS[1] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal only) |
---|
1088 | // cumulHardCS[2] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal + transverse) |
---|
1089 | // cumulHardCS[3] = 1st excitable level (distant longitudinal + transverse + close) |
---|
1090 | // cumulHardCS[4] = 1st excitable level (all channels) + 2nd excitable level (distant long only) |
---|
1091 | // etc. |
---|
1092 | // This is used for sampling the atomic level which is ionised and the channel of the |
---|
1093 | // interaction. |
---|
1094 | // |
---|
1095 | // For each index iFill of the cumulHardCS vector, |
---|
1096 | // nbOfLevel[iFill] contains the current excitable atomic level and |
---|
1097 | // typeOfInteraction[iFill] contains the current interaction channel, with the legenda: |
---|
1098 | // 1 = distant longitudinal interaction |
---|
1099 | // 2 = distant transverse interaction |
---|
1100 | // 3 = close collision |
---|
1101 | // 4 = close collision with outer shells (in this case nbOfLevel < 0 --> no binding energy) |
---|
1102 | |
---|
1103 | |
---|
1104 | G4int nOscil = ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second->size(); |
---|
1105 | G4double totalHardCS = 0.0; |
---|
1106 | G4double involvedElectrons = 0.0; |
---|
1107 | for (G4int i=0;i<nOscil;i++){ |
---|
1108 | G4double wi = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
1109 | G4int occupNb = (G4int) (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
1110 | //Distant excitations |
---|
1111 | if (wi>cutoffEnergy && wi<kinEnergy) |
---|
1112 | { |
---|
1113 | if (wi>(1e-6*kinEnergy)){ |
---|
1114 | G4double cpp=std::sqrt((kinEnergy-wi)*(kinEnergy-wi+2.0*electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
1115 | qm->push_back(std::sqrt((cp-cpp)*(cp-cpp)+ electron_mass_c2 * electron_mass_c2)-electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1116 | } |
---|
1117 | else |
---|
1118 | { |
---|
1119 | qm->push_back(wi*wi/(beta2+2.0*electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
1120 | } |
---|
1121 | //verificare che quando arriva qui il vettore ha SEMPRE l'i-esimo elemento |
---|
1122 | if ((*qm)[i] < wi) |
---|
1123 | { |
---|
1124 | |
---|
1125 | G4double distantLongitCS = occupNb*std::log(wi*((*qm)[i]+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/ |
---|
1126 | ((*qm)[i]*(wi+2.0*electron_mass_c2)))/wi; |
---|
1127 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
1128 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(1); //distant longitudinal |
---|
1129 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); //only excitable level are counted |
---|
1130 | totalHardCS += distantLongitCS; |
---|
1131 | |
---|
1132 | G4double distantTransvCS = occupNb*distantTransvCS0/wi; |
---|
1133 | |
---|
1134 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
1135 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(2); //distant tranverse |
---|
1136 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); |
---|
1137 | totalHardCS += distantTransvCS; |
---|
1138 | } |
---|
1139 | } |
---|
1140 | else |
---|
1141 | qm->push_back(wi); |
---|
1142 | |
---|
1143 | //close collisions |
---|
1144 | if(wi < wmaxc) |
---|
1145 | { |
---|
1146 | if (wi < cutoffEnergy) { |
---|
1147 | involvedElectrons += occupNb; |
---|
1148 | } |
---|
1149 | else |
---|
1150 | { |
---|
1151 | rl=wi/kinEnergy; |
---|
1152 | rl1=1.0-rl; |
---|
1153 | closeCS = occupNb*(((1.0/rl)-1.0)+bha1*std::log(rl)+bha2*rl1 |
---|
1154 | + (bha3/2.0)*((rl*rl)-1.0) |
---|
1155 | + (bha4/3.0)*(1.0-(rl*rl*rl)))/kinEnergy; |
---|
1156 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
1157 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(3); //close |
---|
1158 | nbOfLevel->push_back((G4double) i); |
---|
1159 | totalHardCS += closeCS; |
---|
1160 | } |
---|
1161 | } |
---|
1162 | } // loop on the levels |
---|
1163 | |
---|
1164 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); |
---|
1165 | typeOfInteraction->push_back(4); //close interaction with outer shells |
---|
1166 | nbOfLevel->push_back(-1.0); |
---|
1167 | totalHardCS += involvedElectrons*closeCS0; |
---|
1168 | cumulHardCS->push_back(totalHardCS); //this is the final value of the totalHardCS |
---|
1169 | |
---|
1170 | if (totalHardCS < 1e-30) { |
---|
1171 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy; |
---|
1172 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
1173 | energySecondary=0.0; |
---|
1174 | cosThetaSecondary=0.0; |
---|
1175 | iOsc=-1; |
---|
1176 | delete qm; |
---|
1177 | delete cumulHardCS; |
---|
1178 | delete typeOfInteraction; |
---|
1179 | delete nbOfLevel; |
---|
1180 | return; |
---|
1181 | } |
---|
1182 | |
---|
1183 | //Selection of the active oscillator on the basis of the cumulative cross sections |
---|
1184 | G4double TST = totalHardCS*G4UniformRand(); |
---|
1185 | G4int is=0; |
---|
1186 | G4int js= nbOfLevel->size(); |
---|
1187 | do{ |
---|
1188 | G4int it=(is+js)/2; |
---|
1189 | if (TST > (*cumulHardCS)[it]) is=it; |
---|
1190 | if (TST <= (*cumulHardCS)[it]) js=it; |
---|
1191 | }while((js-is) > 1); |
---|
1192 | |
---|
1193 | G4double UII=0.0; |
---|
1194 | G4double rkc=cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
1195 | G4double dde; |
---|
1196 | G4int kks; |
---|
1197 | |
---|
1198 | G4int sampledInteraction = (*typeOfInteraction)[is]; |
---|
1199 | iOsc = (G4int) (*nbOfLevel)[is]; |
---|
1200 | |
---|
1201 | //Generates the final state according to the sampled level and |
---|
1202 | //interaction channel |
---|
1203 | |
---|
1204 | if (sampledInteraction == 1) //Hard distant longitudinal collisions |
---|
1205 | { |
---|
1206 | dde= (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1207 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy-dde; |
---|
1208 | G4double qs=(*qm)[iOsc]/(1.0+((*qm)[iOsc]/(2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1209 | G4double q=qs/(std::pow((qs/dde)*(1.0+(0.5*dde/electron_mass_c2)),G4UniformRand())-(0.5*qs/electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
1210 | G4double qtrev = q*(q+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1211 | G4double cpps = kineticEnergy1*(kineticEnergy1+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1212 | cosThetaPrimary = (cpps+cps-qtrev)/(2.0*cp*std::sqrt(cpps)); |
---|
1213 | if (cosThetaPrimary>1.0) cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
1214 | //Energy and emission angle of the delta ray |
---|
1215 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1216 | if (kks>4) |
---|
1217 | energySecondary=dde; |
---|
1218 | |
---|
1219 | else |
---|
1220 | energySecondary=dde-(*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1221 | cosThetaSecondary = 0.5*(dde*(kinEnergy+rb-dde)+qtrev)/std::sqrt(cps*qtrev); |
---|
1222 | if (cosThetaSecondary>1.0) cosThetaSecondary=1.0; |
---|
1223 | } |
---|
1224 | else if (sampledInteraction == 2) //Hard distant transverse collisions |
---|
1225 | { |
---|
1226 | dde=(*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1227 | kineticEnergy1=kinEnergy-dde; |
---|
1228 | cosThetaPrimary=1.0; |
---|
1229 | //Energy and emission angle of the delta ray |
---|
1230 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1231 | if (kks>4) |
---|
1232 | { |
---|
1233 | energySecondary=dde; |
---|
1234 | } |
---|
1235 | else |
---|
1236 | { |
---|
1237 | energySecondary=dde-(*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1238 | } |
---|
1239 | cosThetaSecondary = 1.0; |
---|
1240 | } |
---|
1241 | else if (sampledInteraction == 3 || sampledInteraction == 4) //Close interaction |
---|
1242 | { |
---|
1243 | if (sampledInteraction == 4) //interaction with inner shells |
---|
1244 | { |
---|
1245 | UII=0.0; |
---|
1246 | rkc = cutoffEnergy/kinEnergy; |
---|
1247 | iOsc = -1; |
---|
1248 | } |
---|
1249 | else |
---|
1250 | { |
---|
1251 | kks = (G4int) (*(shellFlag->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1252 | if (kks > 4) { |
---|
1253 | UII=0.0; |
---|
1254 | } |
---|
1255 | else |
---|
1256 | { |
---|
1257 | UII = (*(ionizationEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]; |
---|
1258 | } |
---|
1259 | rkc = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[iOsc]/kinEnergy; |
---|
1260 | } |
---|
1261 | G4double phi,rk; |
---|
1262 | do{ |
---|
1263 | rk=rkc/(1.0-G4UniformRand()*(1.0-rkc)); |
---|
1264 | phi = 1.0-rk*(bha1-rk*(bha2-rk*(bha3-bha4*rk))); |
---|
1265 | }while ( G4UniformRand() > phi); |
---|
1266 | //Energy and scattering angle (primary electron); |
---|
1267 | kineticEnergy1 = kinEnergy*(1.0-rk); |
---|
1268 | cosThetaPrimary = std::sqrt(kineticEnergy1*rb/(kinEnergy*(rb-(rk*kinEnergy)))); |
---|
1269 | //Energy and scattering angle of the delta ray |
---|
1270 | energySecondary = kinEnergy-kineticEnergy1-UII; |
---|
1271 | cosThetaSecondary = std::sqrt(rk*kinEnergy*rb/(kinEnergy*(rk*kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1272 | } |
---|
1273 | else |
---|
1274 | { |
---|
1275 | G4String excep = "G4PenelopeIonisationModel - Error in the calculation of the final state"; |
---|
1276 | G4Exception(excep); |
---|
1277 | } |
---|
1278 | |
---|
1279 | delete qm; |
---|
1280 | delete cumulHardCS; |
---|
1281 | delete typeOfInteraction; |
---|
1282 | delete nbOfLevel; |
---|
1283 | |
---|
1284 | return; |
---|
1285 | } |
---|
1286 | |
---|
1287 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
1288 | |
---|
1289 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CalculateCrossSectionsRatio(G4double kinEnergy, |
---|
1290 | G4double cutoffEnergy, |
---|
1291 | G4int Z, G4double electronVolumeDensity, |
---|
1292 | const G4ParticleDefinition* theParticle) |
---|
1293 | { |
---|
1294 | //Constants |
---|
1295 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1296 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1297 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1298 | G4double constant = pi*classic_electr_radius*classic_electr_radius*2.0*electron_mass_c2/beta2; |
---|
1299 | G4double delta = CalculateDeltaFermi(kinEnergy,Z,electronVolumeDensity); |
---|
1300 | G4int nbOsc = (G4int) resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second->size(); |
---|
1301 | G4double softCS = 0.0; |
---|
1302 | G4double hardCS = 0.0; |
---|
1303 | for (G4int i=0;i<nbOsc;i++){ |
---|
1304 | G4double resEnergy = (*(resonanceEnergy->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
1305 | std::pair<G4double,G4double> SoftAndHardXS(0.,0.); |
---|
1306 | if (theParticle == G4Electron::Electron()) |
---|
1307 | SoftAndHardXS = CrossSectionsRatioForElectrons(kinEnergy,resEnergy,delta,cutoffEnergy); |
---|
1308 | else if (theParticle == G4Positron::Positron()) |
---|
1309 | SoftAndHardXS = CrossSectionsRatioForPositrons(kinEnergy,resEnergy,delta,cutoffEnergy); |
---|
1310 | G4double occupNb = (*(occupationNumber->find(Z)->second))[i]; |
---|
1311 | softCS += occupNb*constant*SoftAndHardXS.first; |
---|
1312 | hardCS += occupNb*constant*SoftAndHardXS.second; |
---|
1313 | } |
---|
1314 | G4double ratio = 0.0; |
---|
1315 | |
---|
1316 | if (softCS+hardCS) ratio = (hardCS)/(softCS+hardCS); |
---|
1317 | return ratio; |
---|
1318 | } |
---|
1319 | |
---|
1320 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
1321 | |
---|
1322 | std::pair<G4double,G4double> G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CrossSectionsRatioForElectrons(G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
1323 | G4double resEnergy, |
---|
1324 | G4double densityCorrection, |
---|
1325 | G4double cutoffEnergy) |
---|
1326 | { |
---|
1327 | std::pair<G4double,G4double> theResult(0.,0.); |
---|
1328 | if (kineticEnergy < resEnergy) return theResult; |
---|
1329 | |
---|
1330 | //Calculate constants |
---|
1331 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kineticEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1332 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1333 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1334 | G4double cps = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1335 | G4double amol = (kineticEnergy/(kineticEnergy+electron_mass_c2)) * (kineticEnergy/(kineticEnergy+electron_mass_c2)) ; |
---|
1336 | G4double hardCont = 0.0; |
---|
1337 | G4double softCont = 0.0; |
---|
1338 | |
---|
1339 | //Distant interactions |
---|
1340 | G4double cp1s = (kineticEnergy-resEnergy)*(kineticEnergy-resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1341 | G4double cp1 = std::sqrt(cp1s); |
---|
1342 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
1343 | G4double sdLong=0.0, sdTrans = 0.0, sdDist=0.0; |
---|
1344 | |
---|
1345 | //Distant longitudinal interactions |
---|
1346 | G4double qm = 0.0; |
---|
1347 | |
---|
1348 | if (resEnergy > kineticEnergy*(1e-6)) |
---|
1349 | { |
---|
1350 | qm = std::sqrt((cp-cp1)*(cp-cp1)+(electron_mass_c2*electron_mass_c2))-electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1351 | } |
---|
1352 | else |
---|
1353 | { |
---|
1354 | qm = resEnergy*resEnergy/(beta2*2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1355 | qm = qm*(1.0-0.5*qm/electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1356 | } |
---|
1357 | |
---|
1358 | if (qm < resEnergy) |
---|
1359 | { |
---|
1360 | sdLong = std::log(resEnergy*(qm+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/(qm*(resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1361 | } |
---|
1362 | else |
---|
1363 | { |
---|
1364 | sdLong = 0.0; |
---|
1365 | } |
---|
1366 | |
---|
1367 | if (sdLong > 0) { |
---|
1368 | sdTrans = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-densityCorrection,0.0); |
---|
1369 | sdDist = sdTrans + sdLong; |
---|
1370 | if (cutoffEnergy > resEnergy) |
---|
1371 | { |
---|
1372 | softCont = sdDist/resEnergy; |
---|
1373 | } |
---|
1374 | else |
---|
1375 | { |
---|
1376 | hardCont = sdDist/resEnergy; |
---|
1377 | } |
---|
1378 | } |
---|
1379 | |
---|
1380 | // Close collisions (Moeller's cross section) |
---|
1381 | G4double wl = std::max(cutoffEnergy,resEnergy); |
---|
1382 | G4double wu = 0.5*kineticEnergy; |
---|
1383 | |
---|
1384 | if (wl < (wu-1*eV)) |
---|
1385 | { |
---|
1386 | hardCont += (1.0/(kineticEnergy-wu))-(1.0/(kineticEnergy-wl)) |
---|
1387 | - (1.0/wu)+(1.0/wl) |
---|
1388 | + (1.0-amol)*std::log(((kineticEnergy-wu)*wl)/((kineticEnergy-wl)*wu))/kineticEnergy |
---|
1389 | + amol*(wu-wl)/(kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy); |
---|
1390 | wu=wl; |
---|
1391 | } |
---|
1392 | |
---|
1393 | wl = resEnergy; |
---|
1394 | if (wl > (wu-1*eV)) |
---|
1395 | { |
---|
1396 | theResult.first = softCont; |
---|
1397 | theResult.second = hardCont; |
---|
1398 | return theResult; |
---|
1399 | } |
---|
1400 | softCont += (1.0/(kineticEnergy-wu))-(1.0/(kineticEnergy-wl)) |
---|
1401 | - (1.0/wu)+(1.0/wl) |
---|
1402 | + (1.0-amol)*std::log(((kineticEnergy-wu)*wl)/((kineticEnergy-wl)*wu))/kineticEnergy |
---|
1403 | + amol*(wu-wl)/(kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy); |
---|
1404 | theResult.first = softCont; |
---|
1405 | theResult.second = hardCont; |
---|
1406 | return theResult; |
---|
1407 | } |
---|
1408 | |
---|
1409 | |
---|
1410 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
1411 | |
---|
1412 | std::pair<G4double,G4double> G4PenelopeIonisationModel::CrossSectionsRatioForPositrons(G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
1413 | G4double resEnergy, |
---|
1414 | G4double densityCorrection, |
---|
1415 | G4double cutoffEnergy) |
---|
1416 | { |
---|
1417 | |
---|
1418 | std::pair<G4double,G4double> theResult(0.,0.); |
---|
1419 | if (kineticEnergy < resEnergy) return theResult; |
---|
1420 | |
---|
1421 | //Calculate constants |
---|
1422 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kineticEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1423 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1424 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1425 | G4double cps = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1426 | G4double amol = (kineticEnergy/(kineticEnergy+electron_mass_c2)) * (kineticEnergy/(kineticEnergy+electron_mass_c2)) ; |
---|
1427 | G4double help = (gamma+1.0)*(gamma+1.0); |
---|
1428 | G4double bha1 = amol*(2.0*help-1.0)/(gamma2-1.0); |
---|
1429 | G4double bha2 = amol*(3.0+1.0/help); |
---|
1430 | G4double bha3 = amol*2.0*gamma*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1431 | G4double bha4 = amol*(gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1432 | G4double hardCont = 0.0; |
---|
1433 | G4double softCont = 0.0; |
---|
1434 | |
---|
1435 | //Distant interactions |
---|
1436 | G4double cp1s = (kineticEnergy-resEnergy)*(kineticEnergy-resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1437 | G4double cp1 = std::sqrt(cp1s); |
---|
1438 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
1439 | G4double sdLong=0.0, sdTrans = 0.0, sdDist=0.0; |
---|
1440 | |
---|
1441 | //Distant longitudinal interactions |
---|
1442 | G4double qm = 0.0; |
---|
1443 | |
---|
1444 | if (resEnergy > kineticEnergy*(1e-6)) |
---|
1445 | { |
---|
1446 | qm = std::sqrt((cp-cp1)*(cp-cp1)+(electron_mass_c2*electron_mass_c2))-electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1447 | } |
---|
1448 | else |
---|
1449 | { |
---|
1450 | qm = resEnergy*resEnergy/(beta2*2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1451 | qm = qm*(1.0-0.5*qm/electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1452 | } |
---|
1453 | |
---|
1454 | if (qm < resEnergy) |
---|
1455 | { |
---|
1456 | sdLong = std::log(resEnergy*(qm+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/(qm*(resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1457 | } |
---|
1458 | else |
---|
1459 | { |
---|
1460 | sdLong = 0.0; |
---|
1461 | } |
---|
1462 | |
---|
1463 | if (sdLong > 0) { |
---|
1464 | sdTrans = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-densityCorrection,0.0); |
---|
1465 | sdDist = sdTrans + sdLong; |
---|
1466 | if (cutoffEnergy > resEnergy) |
---|
1467 | { |
---|
1468 | softCont = sdDist/resEnergy; |
---|
1469 | } |
---|
1470 | else |
---|
1471 | { |
---|
1472 | hardCont = sdDist/resEnergy; |
---|
1473 | } |
---|
1474 | } |
---|
1475 | |
---|
1476 | |
---|
1477 | // Close collisions (Bhabha's cross section) |
---|
1478 | G4double wl = std::max(cutoffEnergy,resEnergy); |
---|
1479 | G4double wu = kineticEnergy; |
---|
1480 | |
---|
1481 | if (wl < (wu-1*eV)) { |
---|
1482 | hardCont += (1.0/wl)-(1.0/wu)-bha1*std::log(wu/wl)/kineticEnergy |
---|
1483 | + bha2*(wu-wl)/(kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy) |
---|
1484 | -bha3*((wu*wu)-(wl*wl))/(2.0*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy) |
---|
1485 | + bha4*((wu*wu*wu)-(wl*wl*wl))/(3.0*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy); |
---|
1486 | wu=wl; |
---|
1487 | } |
---|
1488 | wl = resEnergy; |
---|
1489 | if (wl > (wu-1*eV)) |
---|
1490 | { |
---|
1491 | theResult.first = softCont; |
---|
1492 | theResult.second = hardCont; |
---|
1493 | return theResult; |
---|
1494 | } |
---|
1495 | softCont += (1.0/wl)-(1.0/wu)-bha1*std::log(wu/wl)/kineticEnergy |
---|
1496 | + bha2*(wu-wl)/(kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy) |
---|
1497 | -bha3*((wu*wu)-(wl*wl))/(2.0*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy) |
---|
1498 | + bha4*((wu*wu*wu)-(wl*wl*wl))/(3.0*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy*kineticEnergy); |
---|
1499 | |
---|
1500 | |
---|
1501 | theResult.first = softCont; |
---|
1502 | theResult.second = hardCont; |
---|
1503 | return theResult; |
---|
1504 | |
---|
1505 | } |
---|
1506 | |
---|
1507 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::ComputeStoppingPowerForElectrons(G4double kinEnergy, |
---|
1508 | G4double cutEnergy, |
---|
1509 | G4double deltaFermi, |
---|
1510 | G4double resEnergy) |
---|
1511 | { |
---|
1512 | //Calculate constants |
---|
1513 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1514 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1515 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1516 | G4double cps = kinEnergy*(kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1517 | G4double amol = (gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1518 | G4double sPower = 0.0; |
---|
1519 | if (kinEnergy < resEnergy) return sPower; |
---|
1520 | |
---|
1521 | //Distant interactions |
---|
1522 | G4double cp1s = (kinEnergy-resEnergy)*(kinEnergy-resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1523 | G4double cp1 = std::sqrt(cp1s); |
---|
1524 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
1525 | G4double sdLong=0.0, sdTrans = 0.0, sdDist=0.0; |
---|
1526 | |
---|
1527 | //Distant longitudinal interactions |
---|
1528 | G4double qm = 0.0; |
---|
1529 | |
---|
1530 | if (resEnergy > kinEnergy*(1e-6)) |
---|
1531 | { |
---|
1532 | qm = std::sqrt((cp-cp1)*(cp-cp1)+(electron_mass_c2*electron_mass_c2))-electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1533 | } |
---|
1534 | else |
---|
1535 | { |
---|
1536 | qm = resEnergy*resEnergy/(beta2*2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1537 | qm = qm*(1.0-0.5*qm/electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1538 | } |
---|
1539 | |
---|
1540 | if (qm < resEnergy) |
---|
1541 | sdLong = std::log(resEnergy*(qm+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/(qm*(resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1542 | else |
---|
1543 | sdLong = 0.0; |
---|
1544 | |
---|
1545 | if (sdLong > 0) { |
---|
1546 | sdTrans = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-deltaFermi,0.0); |
---|
1547 | sdDist = sdTrans + sdLong; |
---|
1548 | if (cutEnergy > resEnergy) sPower = sdDist; |
---|
1549 | } |
---|
1550 | |
---|
1551 | |
---|
1552 | // Close collisions (Moeller's cross section) |
---|
1553 | G4double wl = std::max(cutEnergy,resEnergy); |
---|
1554 | G4double wu = 0.5*kinEnergy; |
---|
1555 | |
---|
1556 | if (wl < (wu-1*eV)) wu=wl; |
---|
1557 | wl = resEnergy; |
---|
1558 | if (wl > (wu-1*eV)) return sPower; |
---|
1559 | sPower += std::log(wu/wl)+(kinEnergy/(kinEnergy-wu))-(kinEnergy/(kinEnergy-wl)) |
---|
1560 | + (2.0 - amol)*std::log((kinEnergy-wu)/(kinEnergy-wl)) |
---|
1561 | + amol*((wu*wu)-(wl*wl))/(2.0*kinEnergy*kinEnergy); |
---|
1562 | return sPower; |
---|
1563 | } |
---|
1564 | |
---|
1565 | |
---|
1566 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo.... |
---|
1567 | |
---|
1568 | G4double G4PenelopeIonisationModel::ComputeStoppingPowerForPositrons(G4double kinEnergy, |
---|
1569 | G4double cutEnergy, |
---|
1570 | G4double deltaFermi, |
---|
1571 | G4double resEnergy) |
---|
1572 | { |
---|
1573 | //Calculate constants |
---|
1574 | G4double gamma = 1.0+kinEnergy/electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1575 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
---|
1576 | G4double beta2 = (gamma2-1.0)/gamma2; |
---|
1577 | G4double cps = kinEnergy*(kinEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1578 | G4double amol = (kinEnergy/(kinEnergy+electron_mass_c2)) * (kinEnergy/(kinEnergy+electron_mass_c2)); |
---|
1579 | G4double help = (gamma+1.0)*(gamma+1.0); |
---|
1580 | G4double bha1 = amol*(2.0*help-1.0)/(gamma2-1.0); |
---|
1581 | G4double bha2 = amol*(3.0+1.0/help); |
---|
1582 | G4double bha3 = amol*2.0*gamma*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1583 | G4double bha4 = amol*(gamma-1.0)*(gamma-1.0)/help; |
---|
1584 | |
---|
1585 | G4double sPower = 0.0; |
---|
1586 | if (kinEnergy < resEnergy) return sPower; |
---|
1587 | |
---|
1588 | //Distant interactions |
---|
1589 | G4double cp1s = (kinEnergy-resEnergy)*(kinEnergy-resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1590 | G4double cp1 = std::sqrt(cp1s); |
---|
1591 | G4double cp = std::sqrt(cps); |
---|
1592 | G4double sdLong=0.0, sdTrans = 0.0, sdDist=0.0; |
---|
1593 | |
---|
1594 | //Distant longitudinal interactions |
---|
1595 | G4double qm = 0.0; |
---|
1596 | |
---|
1597 | if (resEnergy > kinEnergy*(1e-6)) |
---|
1598 | { |
---|
1599 | qm = std::sqrt((cp-cp1)*(cp-cp1)+(electron_mass_c2*electron_mass_c2))-electron_mass_c2; |
---|
1600 | } |
---|
1601 | else |
---|
1602 | { |
---|
1603 | qm = resEnergy*resEnergy/(beta2*2.0*electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1604 | qm = qm*(1.0-0.5*qm/electron_mass_c2); |
---|
1605 | } |
---|
1606 | |
---|
1607 | if (qm < resEnergy) |
---|
1608 | sdLong = std::log(resEnergy*(qm+2.0*electron_mass_c2)/(qm*(resEnergy+2.0*electron_mass_c2))); |
---|
1609 | else |
---|
1610 | sdLong = 0.0; |
---|
1611 | |
---|
1612 | if (sdLong > 0) { |
---|
1613 | sdTrans = std::max(std::log(gamma2)-beta2-deltaFermi,0.0); |
---|
1614 | sdDist = sdTrans + sdLong; |
---|
1615 | if (cutEnergy > resEnergy) sPower = sdDist; |
---|
1616 | } |
---|
1617 | |
---|
1618 | |
---|
1619 | // Close collisions (Bhabha's cross section) |
---|
1620 | G4double wl = std::max(cutEnergy,resEnergy); |
---|
1621 | G4double wu = kinEnergy; |
---|
1622 | |
---|
1623 | if (wl < (wu-1*eV)) wu=wl; |
---|
1624 | wl = resEnergy; |
---|
1625 | if (wl > (wu-1*eV)) return sPower; |
---|
1626 | sPower += std::log(wu/wl)-bha1*(wu-wl)/kinEnergy |
---|
1627 | + bha2*((wu*wu)-(wl*wl))/(2.0*kinEnergy*kinEnergy) |
---|
1628 | - bha3*((wu*wu*wu)-(wl*wl*wl))/(3.0*kinEnergy*kinEnergy*kinEnergy) |
---|
1629 | + bha4*((wu*wu*wu*wu)-(wl*wl*wl*wl))/(4.0*kinEnergy*kinEnergy*kinEnergy*kinEnergy); |
---|
1630 | return sPower; |
---|
1631 | } |
---|
1632 | |
---|
1633 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo... |
---|
1634 | |
---|
1635 | /* Notice: the methods here above are only temporary. They will become obsolete in a while */ |
---|
1636 | |
---|
1637 | #include "G4VDataSetAlgorithm.hh" |
---|
1638 | #include "G4LinLogLogInterpolation.hh" |
---|
1639 | #include "G4CompositeEMDataSet.hh" |
---|
1640 | #include "G4EMDataSet.hh" |
---|
1641 | |
---|
1642 | std::vector<G4VEMDataSet*>* G4PenelopeIonisationModel::BuildCrossSectionTable(const |
---|
1643 | G4ParticleDefinition* theParticle) |
---|
1644 | { |
---|
1645 | std::vector<G4VEMDataSet*>* set = new std::vector<G4VEMDataSet*>; |
---|
1646 | |
---|
1647 | size_t nOfBins = 200; |
---|
1648 | G4PhysicsLogVector* theLogVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowEnergyLimit(), |
---|
1649 | HighEnergyLimit(), |
---|
1650 | nOfBins); |
---|
1651 | G4DataVector* energies; |
---|
1652 | G4DataVector* cs; |
---|
1653 | |
---|
1654 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
---|
1655 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
---|
1656 | size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize(); |
---|
1657 | |
---|
1658 | |
---|
1659 | for (size_t m=0; m<numOfCouples; m++) |
---|
1660 | { |
---|
1661 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(m); |
---|
1662 | const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1663 | const G4ElementVector* elementVector = material->GetElementVector(); |
---|
1664 | const G4double* nAtomsPerVolume = material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector(); |
---|
1665 | G4double electronVolumeDensity = |
---|
1666 | material->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume(); //electron density |
---|
1667 | G4int nElements = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
---|
1668 | |
---|
1669 | G4double tcut = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1)))[couple->GetIndex()]; |
---|
1670 | |
---|
1671 | G4VDataSetAlgorithm* algo = new G4LinLogLogInterpolation(); |
---|
1672 | |
---|
1673 | G4VEMDataSet* setForMat = new G4CompositeEMDataSet(algo,1.,1.); |
---|
1674 | |
---|
1675 | for (G4int i=0; i<nElements; i++) |
---|
1676 | { |
---|
1677 | G4int iZ = (G4int) (*elementVector)[i]->GetZ(); |
---|
1678 | energies = new G4DataVector; |
---|
1679 | cs = new G4DataVector; |
---|
1680 | G4double density = nAtomsPerVolume[i]; |
---|
1681 | for (size_t bin=0; bin<nOfBins; bin++) |
---|
1682 | { |
---|
1683 | G4double e = theLogVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(bin); |
---|
1684 | energies->push_back(e); |
---|
1685 | G4double value = 0.0; |
---|
1686 | if(e > tcut) |
---|
1687 | { |
---|
1688 | G4double ratio = CalculateCrossSectionsRatio(e,tcut,iZ, |
---|
1689 | electronVolumeDensity, |
---|
1690 | theParticle); |
---|
1691 | value = crossSectionHandler->FindValue(iZ,e)*ratio*density; |
---|
1692 | } |
---|
1693 | cs->push_back(value); |
---|
1694 | } |
---|
1695 | G4VDataSetAlgorithm* algo1 = algo->Clone(); |
---|
1696 | G4VEMDataSet* elSet = new G4EMDataSet(i,energies,cs,algo1,1.,1.); |
---|
1697 | setForMat->AddComponent(elSet); |
---|
1698 | } |
---|
1699 | set->push_back(setForMat); |
---|
1700 | } |
---|
1701 | return set; |
---|
1702 | } |
---|
1703 | |
---|
1704 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo... |
---|
1705 | |
---|
1706 | G4int G4PenelopeIonisationModel::SampleRandomAtom(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
1707 | G4double e) const |
---|
1708 | { |
---|
1709 | // Select randomly an element within the material, according to the weight |
---|
1710 | // determined by the cross sections in the data set |
---|
1711 | |
---|
1712 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1713 | G4int nElements = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
---|
1714 | |
---|
1715 | // Special case: the material consists of one element |
---|
1716 | if (nElements == 1) |
---|
1717 | { |
---|
1718 | G4int Z = (G4int) material->GetZ(); |
---|
1719 | return Z; |
---|
1720 | } |
---|
1721 | |
---|
1722 | // Composite material |
---|
1723 | const G4ElementVector* elementVector = material->GetElementVector(); |
---|
1724 | size_t materialIndex = couple->GetIndex(); |
---|
1725 | |
---|
1726 | G4VEMDataSet* materialSet = (*theXSTable)[materialIndex]; |
---|
1727 | G4double materialCrossSection0 = 0.0; |
---|
1728 | G4DataVector cross; |
---|
1729 | cross.clear(); |
---|
1730 | for ( G4int i=0; i < nElements; i++ ) |
---|
1731 | { |
---|
1732 | G4double cr = materialSet->GetComponent(i)->FindValue(e); |
---|
1733 | materialCrossSection0 += cr; |
---|
1734 | cross.push_back(materialCrossSection0); |
---|
1735 | } |
---|
1736 | |
---|
1737 | G4double random = G4UniformRand() * materialCrossSection0; |
---|
1738 | |
---|
1739 | for (G4int k=0 ; k < nElements ; k++ ) |
---|
1740 | { |
---|
1741 | if (random <= cross[k]) return (G4int) (*elementVector)[k]->GetZ(); |
---|
1742 | } |
---|
1743 | // It should never get here |
---|
1744 | return 0; |
---|
1745 | } |
---|
1746 | |
---|
1747 | |
---|