[819] | 1 | // |
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| 2 | // ******************************************************************** |
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| 3 | // * License and Disclaimer * |
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| 4 | // * * |
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| 5 | // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of * |
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| 6 | // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and * |
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| 7 | // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file * |
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| 8 | // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These * |
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| 9 | // * include a list of copyright holders. * |
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| 10 | // * * |
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| 11 | // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing * |
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| 12 | // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this * |
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| 13 | // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, * |
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| 14 | // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its * |
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| 15 | // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * |
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| 16 | // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * |
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| 17 | // * * |
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| 18 | // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * |
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| 19 | // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * |
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| 20 | // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * |
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| 21 | // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * |
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| 22 | // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * |
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| 23 | // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * |
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| 24 | // ******************************************************************** |
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| 25 | // |
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| 26 | // |
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[1192] | 27 | // $Id: G4PenelopePhotoElectric.cc,v 1.16 2009/06/11 15:47:08 mantero Exp $ |
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[1347] | 28 | // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-04-ref-00 $ |
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[819] | 29 | // |
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| 30 | // Author: L. Pandola |
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| 31 | // |
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| 32 | // History: |
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| 33 | // -------- |
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| 34 | // January 2003 - Created |
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| 35 | // 12 Feb 2003 MG Pia Migration to "cuts per region" |
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| 36 | // 10 Mar 2003 V.Ivanchenko Remome CutPerMaterial warning |
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| 37 | // 31 May 2005 L. Pandola Added Sauter formula for the sampling of |
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| 38 | // the electron direction |
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[1055] | 39 | // 08 Jan 2009 L. Pandola Check shell index to avoid mismatch between |
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| 40 | // the Penelope cross section database and the |
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| 41 | // G4AtomicTransitionManager database. It suppresses |
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| 42 | // a warning from G4AtomicTransitionManager only. |
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| 43 | // Results are unchanged. |
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[819] | 44 | // -------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 45 | |
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| 46 | #include "G4PenelopePhotoElectric.hh" |
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| 47 | |
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| 48 | #include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh" |
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| 49 | #include "G4Track.hh" |
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| 50 | #include "G4Step.hh" |
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| 51 | #include "G4ForceCondition.hh" |
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| 52 | #include "G4Gamma.hh" |
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| 53 | #include "G4Electron.hh" |
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| 54 | #include "G4DynamicParticle.hh" |
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| 55 | #include "G4VParticleChange.hh" |
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| 56 | #include "G4ThreeVector.hh" |
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| 57 | #include "G4VCrossSectionHandler.hh" |
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| 58 | #include "G4CrossSectionHandler.hh" |
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| 59 | #include "G4VEMDataSet.hh" |
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| 60 | #include "G4CompositeEMDataSet.hh" |
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| 61 | #include "G4VDataSetAlgorithm.hh" |
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| 62 | #include "G4LogLogInterpolation.hh" |
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| 63 | #include "G4VRangeTest.hh" |
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| 64 | #include "G4RangeNoTest.hh" |
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| 65 | #include "G4AtomicTransitionManager.hh" |
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| 66 | #include "G4AtomicShell.hh" |
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| 67 | #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" |
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| 68 | #include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh" |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | G4PenelopePhotoElectric::G4PenelopePhotoElectric(const G4String& processName) |
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| 71 | : G4VDiscreteProcess(processName), lowEnergyLimit(250*eV), highEnergyLimit(100*GeV), |
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| 72 | intrinsicLowEnergyLimit(10*eV), |
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| 73 | intrinsicHighEnergyLimit(100*GeV), |
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| 74 | cutForLowEnergySecondaryPhotons(250.*eV), |
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| 75 | cutForLowEnergySecondaryElectrons(250.*eV) |
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| 76 | { |
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| 77 | if (lowEnergyLimit < intrinsicLowEnergyLimit || |
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| 78 | highEnergyLimit > intrinsicHighEnergyLimit) |
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| 79 | { |
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| 80 | G4Exception("G4PenelopePhotoElectric::G4PenelopePhotoElectric - energy limit outside intrinsic process validity range"); |
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| 81 | } |
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| 82 | |
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| 83 | crossSectionHandler = new G4CrossSectionHandler(); |
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| 84 | shellCrossSectionHandler = new G4CrossSectionHandler(); |
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| 85 | meanFreePathTable = 0; |
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| 86 | rangeTest = new G4RangeNoTest; |
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| 87 | |
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| 88 | if (verboseLevel > 0) |
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| 89 | { |
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| 90 | G4cout << GetProcessName() << " is created " << G4endl |
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| 91 | << "Energy range: " |
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| 92 | << lowEnergyLimit / keV << " keV - " |
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| 93 | << highEnergyLimit / GeV << " GeV" |
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| 94 | << G4endl; |
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| 95 | } |
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[1055] | 96 | |
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| 97 | G4cout << G4endl; |
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| 98 | G4cout << "*******************************************************************************" << G4endl; |
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| 99 | G4cout << "*******************************************************************************" << G4endl; |
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| 100 | G4cout << " The class G4PenelopePhotoElectric is NOT SUPPORTED ANYMORE. " << G4endl; |
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| 101 | G4cout << " It will be REMOVED with the next major release of Geant4. " << G4endl; |
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| 102 | G4cout << " Please consult: https://twiki.cern.ch/twiki/bin/view/Geant4/LoweProcesses" << G4endl; |
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| 103 | G4cout << "*******************************************************************************" << G4endl; |
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| 104 | G4cout << "*******************************************************************************" << G4endl; |
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| 105 | G4cout << G4endl; |
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| 106 | |
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[819] | 107 | } |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | G4PenelopePhotoElectric::~G4PenelopePhotoElectric() |
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| 110 | { |
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| 111 | delete crossSectionHandler; |
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| 112 | delete shellCrossSectionHandler; |
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| 113 | delete meanFreePathTable; |
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| 114 | delete rangeTest; |
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| 115 | } |
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| 116 | |
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| 117 | void G4PenelopePhotoElectric::BuildPhysicsTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& ) |
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| 118 | { |
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| 119 | |
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| 120 | crossSectionHandler->Clear(); |
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| 121 | G4String crossSectionFile = "penelope/ph-cs-pen-"; |
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| 122 | crossSectionHandler->LoadData(crossSectionFile); |
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| 123 | |
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| 124 | shellCrossSectionHandler->Clear(); |
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| 125 | G4String shellCrossSectionFile = "penelope/ph-ss-cs-pen-"; |
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| 126 | shellCrossSectionHandler->LoadShellData(shellCrossSectionFile); |
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| 127 | |
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| 128 | delete meanFreePathTable; |
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| 129 | meanFreePathTable = crossSectionHandler->BuildMeanFreePathForMaterials(); |
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| 130 | } |
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| 131 | |
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| 132 | G4VParticleChange* G4PenelopePhotoElectric::PostStepDoIt(const G4Track& aTrack, |
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| 133 | const G4Step& aStep) |
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| 134 | { |
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| 135 | // Fluorescence generated according to: |
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| 136 | // J. Stepanek ,"A program to determine the radiation spectra due to a single atomic |
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| 137 | // subshell ionisation by a particle or due to deexcitation or decay of radionuclides", |
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| 138 | // Comp. Phys. Comm. 1206 pp 1-1-9 (1997) |
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| 139 | |
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| 140 | aParticleChange.Initialize(aTrack); |
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| 141 | |
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| 142 | const G4DynamicParticle* incidentPhoton = aTrack.GetDynamicParticle(); |
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| 143 | G4double photonEnergy = incidentPhoton->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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| 144 | if (photonEnergy <= lowEnergyLimit) |
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| 145 | { |
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| 146 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill); |
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| 147 | aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy(0.); |
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| 148 | aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(photonEnergy); |
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| 149 | return G4VDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(aTrack,aStep); |
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| 150 | } |
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| 151 | |
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| 152 | G4ParticleMomentum photonDirection = incidentPhoton->GetMomentumDirection(); |
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| 153 | |
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| 154 | // Select randomly one element in the current material |
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| 155 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = aTrack.GetMaterialCutsCouple(); |
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| 156 | |
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| 157 | G4int Z = crossSectionHandler->SelectRandomAtom(couple,photonEnergy); |
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| 158 | |
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| 159 | // Select the ionised shell in the current atom according to shell cross sections |
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| 160 | size_t shellIndex = shellCrossSectionHandler->SelectRandomShell(Z,photonEnergy); |
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| 161 | |
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| 162 | // Retrieve the corresponding identifier and binding energy of the selected shell |
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| 163 | const G4AtomicTransitionManager* transitionManager = G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance(); |
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[1055] | 164 | |
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| 165 | //The number of shell cross section possibly reported in the Penelope database |
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| 166 | //might be different from the number of shells in the G4AtomicTransitionManager |
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| 167 | //(namely, Penelope may contain more shell, especially for very light elements). |
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| 168 | //In order to avoid a warning message from the G4AtomicTransitionManager, I |
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| 169 | //add this protection. Results are anyway changed, because when G4AtomicTransitionManager |
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| 170 | //has a shellID>maxID, it sets the shellID to the last valid shell. |
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| 171 | size_t numberOfShells = (size_t) transitionManager->NumberOfShells(Z); |
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| 172 | if (shellIndex >= numberOfShells) |
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| 173 | shellIndex = numberOfShells-1; |
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| 174 | |
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[819] | 175 | const G4AtomicShell* shell = transitionManager->Shell(Z,shellIndex); |
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| 176 | G4double bindingEnergy = shell->BindingEnergy(); |
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| 177 | G4int shellId = shell->ShellId(); |
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| 178 | |
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| 179 | // Create lists of pointers to DynamicParticles (photons and electrons) |
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| 180 | // (Is the electron vector necessary? To be checked) |
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| 181 | std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* photonVector = 0; |
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| 182 | std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*> electronVector; |
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| 183 | |
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| 184 | G4double energyDeposit = 0.0; |
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| 185 | |
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| 186 | // Primary outcoming electron |
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| 187 | G4double eKineticEnergy = photonEnergy - bindingEnergy; |
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| 188 | |
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| 189 | // There may be cases where the binding energy of the selected shell is > photon energy |
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| 190 | // In such cases do not generate secondaries |
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| 191 | if (eKineticEnergy > 0.) |
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| 192 | { |
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| 193 | // Generate the electron only if with large enough range w.r.t. cuts and safety |
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| 194 | G4double safety = aStep.GetPostStepPoint()->GetSafety(); |
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| 195 | |
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| 196 | if (rangeTest->Escape(G4Electron::Electron(),couple,eKineticEnergy,safety)) |
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| 197 | { |
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| 198 | // The electron is created |
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| 199 | // Direction sampled from the Sauter distribution |
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| 200 | G4double cosTheta = SampleElectronDirection(eKineticEnergy); |
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| 201 | G4double sinTheta = std::sqrt(1-cosTheta*cosTheta); |
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| 202 | G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand() ; |
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| 203 | G4double dirx = sinTheta * std::cos(phi); |
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| 204 | G4double diry = sinTheta * std::sin(phi); |
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| 205 | G4double dirz = cosTheta ; |
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| 206 | G4ThreeVector electronDirection(dirx,diry,dirz); //electron direction |
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| 207 | electronDirection.rotateUz(photonDirection); |
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| 208 | |
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| 209 | G4DynamicParticle* electron = new G4DynamicParticle (G4Electron::Electron(), |
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| 210 | electronDirection, |
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| 211 | eKineticEnergy); |
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| 212 | electronVector.push_back(electron); |
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| 213 | } |
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| 214 | else |
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| 215 | { |
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| 216 | energyDeposit += eKineticEnergy; |
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| 217 | } |
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| 218 | } |
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| 219 | else |
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| 220 | { |
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| 221 | bindingEnergy = photonEnergy; |
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| 222 | } |
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| 223 | |
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| 224 | G4int nElectrons = electronVector.size(); |
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| 225 | size_t nTotPhotons = 0; |
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| 226 | G4int nPhotons=0; |
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| 227 | |
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| 228 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
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| 229 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
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| 230 | |
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| 231 | size_t index = couple->GetIndex(); |
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| 232 | G4double cutg = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(0)))[index]; |
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| 233 | cutg = std::min(cutForLowEnergySecondaryPhotons,cutg); |
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| 234 | |
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| 235 | G4double cute = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1)))[index]; |
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| 236 | cute = std::min(cutForLowEnergySecondaryPhotons,cute); |
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| 237 | |
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| 238 | G4DynamicParticle* aPhoton; |
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| 239 | |
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| 240 | // Generation of fluorescence |
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| 241 | // Data in EADL are available only for Z > 5 |
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| 242 | // Protection to avoid generating photons in the unphysical case of |
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| 243 | // shell binding energy > photon energy |
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| 244 | if (Z > 5 && (bindingEnergy > cutg || bindingEnergy > cute)) |
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| 245 | { |
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| 246 | photonVector = deexcitationManager.GenerateParticles(Z,shellId); |
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| 247 | nTotPhotons = photonVector->size(); |
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| 248 | for (size_t k=0; k<nTotPhotons; k++) |
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| 249 | { |
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| 250 | aPhoton = (*photonVector)[k]; |
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| 251 | if (aPhoton) |
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| 252 | { |
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| 253 | G4double itsCut = cutg; |
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| 254 | if(aPhoton->GetDefinition() == G4Electron::Electron()) itsCut = cute; |
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| 255 | G4double itsEnergy = aPhoton->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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| 256 | |
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| 257 | if (itsEnergy > itsCut && itsEnergy <= bindingEnergy) |
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| 258 | { |
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| 259 | nPhotons++; |
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| 260 | // Local energy deposit is given as the sum of the |
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| 261 | // energies of incident photons minus the energies |
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| 262 | // of the outcoming fluorescence photons |
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| 263 | bindingEnergy -= itsEnergy; |
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| 264 | |
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| 265 | } |
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| 266 | else |
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| 267 | { |
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| 268 | delete aPhoton; |
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| 269 | (*photonVector)[k] = 0; |
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| 270 | } |
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| 271 | } |
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| 272 | } |
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| 273 | } |
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| 274 | |
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| 275 | energyDeposit += bindingEnergy; |
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| 276 | |
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| 277 | G4int nSecondaries = nElectrons + nPhotons; |
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| 278 | aParticleChange.SetNumberOfSecondaries(nSecondaries); |
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| 279 | |
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| 280 | for (G4int l = 0; l<nElectrons; l++ ) |
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| 281 | { |
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| 282 | aPhoton = electronVector[l]; |
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| 283 | if(aPhoton) { |
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| 284 | aParticleChange.AddSecondary(aPhoton); |
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| 285 | } |
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| 286 | } |
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| 287 | for ( size_t ll = 0; ll < nTotPhotons; ll++) |
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| 288 | { |
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| 289 | aPhoton = (*photonVector)[ll]; |
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| 290 | if(aPhoton) { |
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| 291 | aParticleChange.AddSecondary(aPhoton); |
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| 292 | } |
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| 293 | } |
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| 294 | |
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| 295 | delete photonVector; |
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| 296 | |
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| 297 | if (energyDeposit < 0) |
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| 298 | { |
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| 299 | G4cout << "WARNING - " |
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| 300 | << "G4PenelopePhotoElectric::PostStepDoIt - Negative energy deposit" |
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| 301 | << G4endl; |
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| 302 | energyDeposit = 0; |
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| 303 | } |
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| 304 | |
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| 305 | // Kill the incident photon |
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| 306 | aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection( 0., 0., 0. ); |
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| 307 | aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy( 0. ); |
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| 308 | |
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| 309 | aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(energyDeposit); |
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| 310 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus( fStopAndKill ); |
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| 311 | |
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| 312 | // Reset NbOfInteractionLengthLeft and return aParticleChange |
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| 313 | return G4VDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt( aTrack, aStep ); |
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| 314 | } |
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| 315 | |
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| 316 | G4bool G4PenelopePhotoElectric::IsApplicable(const G4ParticleDefinition& particle) |
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| 317 | { |
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| 318 | return ( &particle == G4Gamma::Gamma() ); |
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| 319 | } |
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| 320 | |
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| 321 | G4double G4PenelopePhotoElectric::GetMeanFreePath(const G4Track& track, |
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| 322 | G4double, // previousStepSize |
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| 323 | G4ForceCondition*) |
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| 324 | { |
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| 325 | const G4DynamicParticle* photon = track.GetDynamicParticle(); |
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| 326 | G4double energy = photon->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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| 327 | G4Material* material = track.GetMaterial(); |
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| 328 | |
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| 329 | G4double meanFreePath = DBL_MAX; |
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| 330 | |
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| 331 | G4double cross = shellCrossSectionHandler->ValueForMaterial(material,energy); |
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| 332 | if(cross > 0.0) meanFreePath = 1.0/cross; |
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| 333 | |
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| 334 | return meanFreePath; |
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| 335 | } |
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| 336 | |
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| 337 | void G4PenelopePhotoElectric::SetCutForLowEnSecPhotons(G4double cut) |
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| 338 | { |
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| 339 | cutForLowEnergySecondaryPhotons = cut; |
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| 340 | deexcitationManager.SetCutForSecondaryPhotons(cut); |
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| 341 | } |
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| 342 | |
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| 343 | void G4PenelopePhotoElectric::SetCutForLowEnSecElectrons(G4double cut) |
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| 344 | { |
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| 345 | cutForLowEnergySecondaryElectrons = cut; |
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| 346 | deexcitationManager.SetCutForAugerElectrons(cut); |
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| 347 | } |
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| 348 | |
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| 349 | void G4PenelopePhotoElectric::ActivateAuger(G4bool val) |
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| 350 | { |
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| 351 | deexcitationManager.ActivateAugerElectronProduction(val); |
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| 352 | } |
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| 353 | |
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| 354 | |
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| 355 | G4double G4PenelopePhotoElectric::SampleElectronDirection(G4double energy) |
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| 356 | { |
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| 357 | G4double costheta = 1.0; |
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| 358 | if (energy>1*GeV) return costheta; |
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| 359 | |
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| 360 | //1) initialize energy-dependent variables |
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| 361 | // Variable naming according to Eq. (2.24) of Penelope Manual |
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| 362 | // (pag. 44) |
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| 363 | G4double gamma = 1.0 + energy/electron_mass_c2; |
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| 364 | G4double gamma2 = gamma*gamma; |
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| 365 | G4double beta = std::sqrt((gamma2-1.0)/gamma2); |
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| 366 | |
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| 367 | // ac corresponds to "A" of Eq. (2.31) |
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| 368 | // |
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| 369 | G4double ac = (1.0/beta) - 1.0; |
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| 370 | G4double a1 = 0.5*beta*gamma*(gamma-1.0)*(gamma-2.0); |
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| 371 | G4double a2 = ac + 2.0; |
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| 372 | G4double gtmax = 2.0*(a1 + 1.0/ac); |
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| 373 | |
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| 374 | G4double tsam = 0; |
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| 375 | G4double gtr = 0; |
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| 376 | |
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| 377 | //2) sampling. Eq. (2.31) of Penelope Manual |
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| 378 | // tsam = 1-std::cos(theta) |
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| 379 | // gtr = rejection function according to Eq. (2.28) |
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| 380 | do{ |
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| 381 | G4double rand = G4UniformRand(); |
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| 382 | tsam = 2.0*ac * (2.0*rand + a2*std::sqrt(rand)) / (a2*a2 - 4.0*rand); |
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| 383 | gtr = (2.0 - tsam) * (a1 + 1.0/(ac+tsam)); |
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| 384 | }while(G4UniformRand()*gtmax > gtr); |
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| 385 | costheta = 1.0-tsam; |
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| 386 | return costheta; |
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| 387 | } |
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| 388 | |
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| 389 | |
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| 390 | |
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| 391 | |
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| 392 | |
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