source: trunk/source/processes/electromagnetic/lowenergy/src/G4hLowEnergyIonisation.cc

Last change on this file was 1347, checked in by garnier, 14 years ago

geant4 tag 9.4
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25//
26//
27// -------------------------------------------------------------
28//      GEANT 4 class implementation file
29//
30//      History: based on object model of
31//      2nd December 1995, G.Cosmo
32//      ---------- G4hLowEnergyIonisation physics process -------
33//                by Vladimir Ivanchenko, 14 July 1999
34//                was made on the base of G4hIonisation class
35//                developed by Laszlo Urban
36// ************************************************************
37// It is the extention of the ionisation process for the slow
38// charged hadrons.
39// ************************************************************
40// 28 July   1999 V.Ivanchenko cleen up
41// 17 August 1999 G.Mancinelli added ICRU parametrisations for protons
42// 20 August 1999 G.Mancinelli added ICRU tables for alpha
43// 31 August 1999 V.Ivanchenko update and cleen up
44// 30 Sept.  1999 V.Ivanchenko minor upgrade
45// 12 Dec.   1999 S. Chauvie added Barkas correction
46// 19 Jan.   2000 V.Ivanchenko minor changing in Barkas corrections
47// 02 April  2000 S. Chauvie linearization of Barkas effect
48// 03 April  2000 V.Ivanchenko Nuclear Stopping power for antiprotons
49// 23 May    2000 MG Pia  Clean up for QAO model
50// 24 May    2000 MG Pia  Code properly indented to improve legibility
51// 17 July   2000 V.Ivanchenko Bug in scaling AlongStepDoIt method
52// 25 July   2000 V.Ivanchenko New design iteration
53// 17 August 2000 V.Ivanchenko Add ion fluctuation models
54// 18 August 2000 V.Ivanchenko Bug fixed in GetConstrain
55// 22 August 2000 V.Ivanchenko Insert paramStepLimit and
56//                reorganise access to Barkas and Bloch terms 
57// 04 Sept.  2000 V.Ivanchenko rename fluctuations
58// 05 Sept.  2000 V.Ivanchenko clean up
59// 03 Oct.   2000 V.Ivanchenko CodeWizard clean up
60// 03 Nov.   2000 V.Ivanchenko MinKineticEnergy=LowestKineticEnergy=10eV
61// 05 Nov.   2000 MG Pia - Removed const cast previously introduced to get
62//                the code compiled (const G4Material* now introduced in
63//                electromagnetic/utils utils-V02-00-03 tag)
64//                (this is going back and forth, to cope with Michel's
65//                utils tag not being accepted yet by system testing)
66// 21 Nov.  2000 V.Ivanchenko Fix a problem in fluctuations
67// 23 Nov.  2000 V.Ivanchenko Ion type fluctuations only for charge>0
68// 10 May   2001 V.Ivanchenko Clean up againist Linux compilation with -Wall
69// 23 May   2001 V.Ivanchenko Minor fix in PostStepDoIt
70// 07 June  2001 V.Ivanchenko Clean up AntiProtonDEDX + add print out
71// 18 June  2001 V.Ivanchenko Cleanup print out
72// 18 Oct.  2001 V.Ivanchenko Add fluorescence
73// 30 Oct.  2001 V.Ivanchenko Add minGammaEnergy and minElectronEnergy
74// 07 Dec   2001 V.Ivanchenko Add SetFluorescence method
75// 15 Feb   2002 V.Ivanchenko Fix problem of Generic Ions
76// 25 Mar   2002 V.Ivanchenko Fix problem of fluorescence below threshold
77// 28 Mar   2002 V.Ivanchenko Set fluorescence off by default
78// 09 Apr   2002 V.Ivanchenko Fix table problem of GenericIons
79// 28 May   2002 V.Ivanchenko Remove flag fStopAndKill
80// 31 May   2002 V.Ivanchenko Add path of Fluo + Auger cuts to
81//                            AtomicDeexcitation
82// 03 Jun   2002 MGP          Restore fStopAndKill
83// 10 Jun   2002 V.Ivanchenko Restore fStopButAlive
84// 12 Jun   2002 V.Ivanchenko Fix in fluctuations - if tmax<2*Ipot Gaussian
85//                            fluctuations enables
86// 20 Sept  2002 V.Ivanchenko Clean up energy ranges for models
87// 07 Oct   2002 V.Ivanchenko Clean up initialisation of fluorescence
88// 28 Oct   2002 V.Ivanchenko Optimal binning for dE/dx
89// 10 Dec   2002 V.Ivanchenko antiProtonLowEnergy -> 25 keV, QEG model below
90// 21 Jan   2003 V.Ivanchenko Cut per region
91// 10 Mar   2003 V.Ivanchenko Use SubTypes for ions
92// 12 Apr   2003 V.Ivanchenko Cut per region for fluo AlongStep
93// 18 Apr   2003 V.Ivanchenko finalRange redefinition
94// 26 Apr   2003 V.Ivanchenko fix for stepLimit
95// 30 Mar   2004 S.Saliceti add shellCS data member and expFlag variable,
96//                          atom total cross section for the Empiric Model
97// 28 May   2004 V.Ivanchenko fix for ionisation of antiprotons in complex materials
98// 30 Aug   2004 V.Ivanchenko use energy limit for parameterisation from model
99// 03 Oct   2005 V.Ivanchenko change logic of definition of high energy limit for
100//               parametrised proton model: min(user value, model limit)
101// 26 Jan   2005 S. Chauvie added PrintInfoDefinition() for antiproton
102// 30 Sep   2009 A.Mantero Removed dependencies to old shell Ionisation XS models
103// 07 Jun    2010 Code Celaning for June beta Release
104// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
105
106//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
107//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
108
109#include "G4hLowEnergyIonisation.hh"
110#include "globals.hh"
111#include "G4ios.hh"
112#include "Randomize.hh"
113#include "G4Poisson.hh"
114#include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
115#include "G4EnergyLossTables.hh"
116#include "G4Material.hh"
117#include "G4DynamicParticle.hh"
118#include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh"
119#include "G4AtomicDeexcitation.hh"
120#include "G4AtomicTransitionManager.hh"
121#include "G4ShellVacancy.hh"
122#include "G4VhShellCrossSection.hh"
123#include "G4VEMDataSet.hh"
124#include "G4EMDataSet.hh"
125#include "G4CompositeEMDataSet.hh"
126#include "G4Gamma.hh"
127#include "G4LogLogInterpolation.hh"
128#include "G4SemiLogInterpolation.hh"
129#include "G4ProcessManager.hh"
130#include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh"
131#include "G4teoCrossSection.hh"
132#include "G4empCrossSection.hh"
133//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
134
135G4hLowEnergyIonisation::G4hLowEnergyIonisation(const G4String& processName)
136  : G4hLowEnergyLoss(processName),
137    theBetheBlochModel(0),
138    theProtonModel(0),
139    theAntiProtonModel(0),
140    theIonEffChargeModel(0),
141    theNuclearStoppingModel(0),
142    theIonChuFluctuationModel(0),
143    theIonYangFluctuationModel(0),
144    theProtonTable("ICRU_R49p"),
145    theAntiProtonTable("ICRU_R49p"),
146    theNuclearTable("ICRU_R49"),
147    nStopping(true),
148    theBarkas(true),
149    theMeanFreePathTable(0),
150    paramStepLimit (0.005),
151    shellVacancy(0),
152    shellCS(0),
153    theFluo(false)
154{ 
155  InitializeMe();
156}
157
158//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
159
160void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::InitializeMe()
161{
162  LowestKineticEnergy  = 10.0*eV ;
163  HighestKineticEnergy = 100.0*GeV ;
164  MinKineticEnergy     = 10.0*eV ; 
165  TotBin               = 360 ;
166  protonLowEnergy      = 1.*keV ;
167  protonHighEnergy     = 100.*MeV ;
168  antiProtonLowEnergy  = 25.*keV ;
169  antiProtonHighEnergy = 2.*MeV ;
170  minGammaEnergy       = 25.*keV;
171  minElectronEnergy    = 25.*keV;
172  verboseLevel         = 0;
173
174  shellCS = new G4teoCrossSection("analytical");
175
176  deexcitationManager.InitialiseForNewRun();
177  deexcitationManager.SetAugerActive(false);
178  deexcitationManager.SetPIXEActive(true);
179
180}
181
182//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
183
184G4hLowEnergyIonisation::~G4hLowEnergyIonisation()
185{
186  if (theMeanFreePathTable) {
187    theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy();
188    delete theMeanFreePathTable;
189  }
190  if(theBetheBlochModel)delete theBetheBlochModel;
191  if(theProtonModel)delete theProtonModel;
192  if(theAntiProtonModel)delete theAntiProtonModel;
193  if(theNuclearStoppingModel)delete theNuclearStoppingModel;
194  if(theIonEffChargeModel)delete theIonEffChargeModel;
195  if(theIonChuFluctuationModel)delete theIonChuFluctuationModel;
196  if(theIonYangFluctuationModel)delete theIonYangFluctuationModel;
197  if(shellVacancy) delete shellVacancy;
198  if(shellCS) delete shellCS;
199  cutForDelta.clear();
200  G4int length = zFluoDataVector.size();
201  if(length) {
202    for(G4int i=0; i<length; i++) {
203      delete zFluoDataVector[i];
204    }
205    zFluoDataVector.clear();
206  }
207}
208
209//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
210
211void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::SetElectronicStoppingPowerModel(
212                             const G4ParticleDefinition* aParticle,
213                             const G4String& dedxTable)
214  // This method defines the ionisation parametrisation method via its name
215{
216  if(0 < aParticle->GetPDGCharge()) {
217    SetProtonElectronicStoppingPowerModel(dedxTable) ;
218  } else {
219    SetAntiProtonElectronicStoppingPowerModel(dedxTable) ;
220  }
221}
222
223//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
224
225void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::InitializeParametrisation() 
226
227{
228  // Define models for parametrisation of electronic energy losses
229  theBetheBlochModel = new G4hBetheBlochModel("Bethe-Bloch") ;
230  theProtonModel = new G4hParametrisedLossModel(theProtonTable) ;
231  protonHighEnergy = std::min(protonHighEnergy,theProtonModel->HighEnergyLimit(0, 0));
232  theAntiProtonModel = new G4QAOLowEnergyLoss(theAntiProtonTable) ;
233  theNuclearStoppingModel = new G4hNuclearStoppingModel(theNuclearTable) ;
234  theIonEffChargeModel = new G4hIonEffChargeSquare("Ziegler1988") ;
235  theIonChuFluctuationModel = new G4IonChuFluctuationModel("Chu") ;
236  theIonYangFluctuationModel = new G4IonYangFluctuationModel("Yang") ;
237}
238
239//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
240
241void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable(
242                       const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
243
244  //  just call BuildLossTable+BuildLambdaTable
245{
246  if(verboseLevel > 0) {
247    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable for "
248           << aParticleType.GetParticleName()
249           << " mass(MeV)= " << aParticleType.GetPDGMass()/MeV
250           << " charge= " << aParticleType.GetPDGCharge()/eplus
251           << " type= " << aParticleType.GetParticleType()
252           << G4endl;
253
254    if(verboseLevel > 1) {
255      G4ProcessVector* pv = aParticleType.GetProcessManager()->GetProcessList();
256
257      G4cout << " 0: " << (*pv)[0]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[0]
258             << " 1: " << (*pv)[1]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[1]
259        //        << " 2: " << (*pv)[2]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[2]
260             << G4endl;
261      G4cout << "ionModel= " << theIonEffChargeModel
262             << " MFPtable= " << theMeanFreePathTable
263             << " iniMass= " << initialMass
264             << G4endl;
265    }
266  }
267
268  if(aParticleType.GetParticleType() == "nucleus" &&
269     aParticleType.GetParticleName() != "GenericIon" &&
270     aParticleType.GetParticleSubType() == "generic")
271  {
272
273     G4EnergyLossTables::Register(&aParticleType,
274              theDEDXpTable,
275              theRangepTable,
276              theInverseRangepTable,
277              theLabTimepTable,
278              theProperTimepTable,
279              LowestKineticEnergy, HighestKineticEnergy,
280              proton_mass_c2/aParticleType.GetPDGMass(),
281              TotBin);
282
283     return;
284  }
285
286  if( !CutsWhereModified() && theLossTable) return;
287
288  InitializeParametrisation() ;
289  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
290  G4AntiProton* theAntiProton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton();
291
292  charge = aParticleType.GetPDGCharge()/eplus;
293  chargeSquare = charge*charge ;
294
295  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
296        G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
297  size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
298
299  cutForDelta.clear();
300  cutForGamma.clear();
301
302  for (size_t j=0; j<numOfCouples; j++) {
303
304    // get material parameters needed for the energy loss calculation
305    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j);
306    const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
307
308    // the cut cannot be below lowest limit
309    G4double tCut = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1)))[j];
310    if(tCut > HighestKineticEnergy) tCut = HighestKineticEnergy;
311
312    G4double excEnergy = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
313
314    tCut = std::max(tCut,excEnergy);
315    cutForDelta.push_back(tCut);
316
317    // the cut cannot be below lowest limit
318    tCut = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(0)))[j];
319    if(tCut > HighestKineticEnergy) tCut = HighestKineticEnergy;
320    tCut = std::max(tCut,minGammaEnergy);
321    cutForGamma.push_back(tCut);
322  }
323
324  if(verboseLevel > 0) {
325    G4cout << "Cuts are defined " << G4endl;
326  }
327
328  if(0.0 < charge)
329    {
330      {
331        BuildLossTable(*theProton) ;
332
333//      The following vector has a fixed dimension (see src/G4hLowEnergyLoss.cc for more details)       
334//      It happended in the past that caused memory corruption errors. The problem is still pending, even if temporary solved
335//        G4cout << "[NOTE]: __LINE__=" << __LINE__ << ", aParticleType=" << aParticleType.GetParticleName() << ", theProton=" << theProton << ", theLossTable=" << theLossTable << ", CounterOfpProcess=" << CounterOfpProcess << G4endl;
336       
337        RecorderOfpProcess[CounterOfpProcess] = theLossTable ;
338        CounterOfpProcess++;
339      }
340  } else {
341      {
342        BuildLossTable(*theAntiProton) ;
343       
344//      The following vector has a fixed dimension (see src/G4hLowEnergyLoss.cc for more details)       
345//      It happended in the past that caused memory corruption errors. The problem is still pending, even if temporary solved
346//        G4cout << "[NOTE]: __LINE__=" << __LINE__ << ", aParticleType=" << aParticleType.GetParticleName() << ", theAntiProton=" << theAntiProton << ", theLossTable=" << theLossTable << ", CounterOfpbarProcess=" << CounterOfpbarProcess << G4endl;
347       
348        RecorderOfpbarProcess[CounterOfpbarProcess] = theLossTable ;
349        CounterOfpbarProcess++;
350      }
351  }
352
353  if(verboseLevel > 0) {
354    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: "
355           << "Loss table is built "
356//         << theLossTable
357           << G4endl;
358  }
359
360  BuildLambdaTable(aParticleType) ;
361  BuildDataForFluorescence(aParticleType);
362
363  if(verboseLevel > 1) {
364    G4cout << (*theMeanFreePathTable) << G4endl;
365  }
366
367  if(verboseLevel > 0) {
368    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: "
369           << "DEDX table will be built "
370//         << theDEDXpTable << " " << theDEDXpbarTable
371//         << " " << theRangepTable << " " << theRangepbarTable
372           << G4endl;
373  }
374
375  BuildDEDXTable(aParticleType) ;
376
377  if(verboseLevel > 1) {
378    G4cout << (*theDEDXpTable) << G4endl;
379  }
380
381  if((&aParticleType == theProton) ||  (&aParticleType == theAntiProton)) PrintInfoDefinition() ;
382
383  if(verboseLevel > 0) {
384    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: end for "
385           << aParticleType.GetParticleName() << G4endl;
386  }
387}
388
389//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
390
391void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildLossTable(
392                             const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
393{
394
395  // Initialisation
396  G4double lowEdgeEnergy , ionloss, ionlossBB, paramB ;
397  G4double lowEnergy, highEnergy;
398  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
399
400  if(aParticleType == *theProton) {
401    lowEnergy = protonLowEnergy ;
402    highEnergy = protonHighEnergy ;
403    charge = 1.0 ;
404  } else {
405    lowEnergy = antiProtonLowEnergy ;
406    highEnergy = antiProtonHighEnergy ;
407    charge = -1.0 ;
408  }
409  chargeSquare = 1.0 ;
410
411  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
412        G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
413  size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
414
415  if ( theLossTable) {
416    theLossTable->clearAndDestroy();
417    delete theLossTable;
418  }
419
420  theLossTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples);
421
422  //  loop for materials
423  for (size_t j=0; j<numOfCouples; j++) {
424
425    // create physics vector and fill it
426    G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowestKineticEnergy,
427                                                         HighestKineticEnergy,
428                                                         TotBin);
429
430    // get material parameters needed for the energy loss calculation
431    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j);
432    const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
433
434    if ( charge > 0.0 ) {
435      ionloss = ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,highEnergy) ;
436    } else {
437      ionloss = AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,highEnergy) ;
438    }
439
440    ionlossBB = theBetheBlochModel->TheValue(&aParticleType,material,highEnergy) ;
441    ionlossBB -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,highEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ;
442
443
444    paramB =  ionloss/ionlossBB - 1.0 ;
445
446    // now comes the loop for the kinetic energy values
447    for (G4int i = 0 ; i < TotBin ; i++) {
448      lowEdgeEnergy = aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i) ;
449
450      // low energy part for this material, parametrised energy loss formulae
451      if ( lowEdgeEnergy < highEnergy ) {
452
453        if ( charge > 0.0 ) {
454          ionloss = ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,lowEdgeEnergy) ;
455        } else {
456          ionloss = AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,lowEdgeEnergy) ;
457        }
458
459      } else {
460
461        // high energy part for this material, Bethe-Bloch formula
462        ionloss = theBetheBlochModel->TheValue(theProton,material,
463                                               lowEdgeEnergy) ;
464
465        ionloss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,lowEdgeEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ;
466
467        ionloss *= (1.0 + paramB*highEnergy/lowEdgeEnergy) ;
468      }
469
470      // now put the loss into the vector
471      if(verboseLevel > 1) {
472        G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << lowEdgeEnergy/MeV
473               << "  dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << ionloss*mm/MeV
474               << " in " << material->GetName() << G4endl;
475      }
476      aVector->PutValue(i,ionloss) ;
477    }
478    // Insert vector for this material into the table
479    theLossTable->insert(aVector) ;
480  }
481}
482
483//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
484
485void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildDataForFluorescence(
486                         const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
487{
488
489  if(verboseLevel > 1) {
490    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildDataForFluorescence for "
491           << aParticleType.GetParticleName() << " is started" << G4endl;
492  }
493
494  // fill data for fluorescence
495
496  deexcitationManager.SetCutForSecondaryPhotons(minGammaEnergy);
497  deexcitationManager.SetCutForAugerElectrons(minElectronEnergy);
498
499  G4double mass = aParticleType.GetPDGMass();
500  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
501        G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
502  size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
503
504  if (shellVacancy != 0) delete shellVacancy;
505  shellVacancy = new G4ShellVacancy();
506  G4DataVector* ksi = 0;
507  G4DataVector* ksi1 = 0;
508  G4DataVector* energy = 0;
509  G4DataVector* energy1 = 0;
510  size_t binForFluo = TotBin/10;
511  G4int length = zFluoDataVector.size();
512  if(length > 0) {
513    for(G4int i=0; i<length; i++) {
514      G4VEMDataSet* x = zFluoDataVector[i];
515      delete x;
516    }
517    zFluoDataVector.clear();
518  }
519
520  G4PhysicsLogVector* bVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowestKineticEnergy,
521                                                       HighestKineticEnergy,
522                                                       binForFluo);
523  const G4AtomicTransitionManager* transitionManager =
524                             G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance();
525
526  G4double bindingEnergy;
527  //  G4double x;
528  //  G4double y;
529
530  //  loop for materials
531  for (size_t j=0; j<numOfCouples; j++) {
532
533    // get material parameters needed for the energy loss calculation
534    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j);
535    const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
536
537    const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
538    size_t NumberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements() ;
539    const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector =
540                    material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector();
541    G4VDataSetAlgorithm* interp = new G4SemiLogInterpolation();
542    G4VEMDataSet* xsis = new G4CompositeEMDataSet(interp, 1., 1.);
543    G4VDataSetAlgorithm* interp1 = new G4SemiLogInterpolation();
544    G4VEMDataSet* xsis1 = new G4CompositeEMDataSet(interp1, 1., 1.);
545
546    G4double tCut = cutForDelta[j];
547    G4double elDensity = 1.;
548
549    for (size_t iel=0; iel<NumberOfElements; iel++ ) {
550
551      G4int Z = (G4int)((*theElementVector)[iel]->GetZ());
552      G4int nShells = transitionManager->NumberOfShells(Z);
553      energy = new G4DataVector();
554      ksi    = new G4DataVector();
555      energy1= new G4DataVector();
556      ksi1   = new G4DataVector();
557      //if(NumberOfElements > 1)
558      elDensity = theAtomicNumDensityVector[iel]/((G4double)nShells);
559
560      for (size_t j = 0; j<binForFluo; j++) {
561
562        G4double tkin  = bVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(j);
563        G4double gamma = tkin/mass + 1.;
564        G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma);
565        G4double r     = electron_mass_c2/mass;
566        G4double tmax  = 2.*electron_mass_c2*(gamma*gamma - 1.)/(1. + 2.*gamma*r + r*r);
567        G4double cross   = 0.;
568        G4double cross1  = 0.;
569        G4double eAverage= 0.;
570        G4double tmin = std::min(tCut,tmax);
571        G4double rel;
572
573        for (G4int n=0; n<nShells; n++) {
574
575          bindingEnergy = transitionManager->Shell(Z, n)->BindingEnergy();
576          if (tmin > bindingEnergy) {
577            rel = std::log(tmin/bindingEnergy);
578            eAverage   += rel - beta2*(tmin - bindingEnergy)/tmax;
579            cross      += 1.0/bindingEnergy - 1.0/tmin - beta2*rel/tmax;
580          }
581          if (tmax > tmin) {
582            cross1     += 1.0/tmin - 1.0/tmax - beta2*std::log(tmax/tmin)/tmax;
583          }
584        }
585
586        cross1 *= elDensity;
587        energy1->push_back(tkin);
588        ksi1->push_back(cross1);
589
590        if(eAverage > 0.) cross /= eAverage;
591        else              cross  = 0.;
592
593        energy->push_back(tkin);
594        ksi->push_back(cross);
595      }
596      G4VDataSetAlgorithm* algo = interp->Clone();
597      G4VEMDataSet* set = new G4EMDataSet(Z,energy,ksi,algo,1.,1.);
598      xsis->AddComponent(set);
599      G4VDataSetAlgorithm* algo1 = interp1->Clone();
600      G4VEMDataSet* set1 = new G4EMDataSet(Z,energy1,ksi1,algo1,1.,1.);
601      xsis1->AddComponent(set1);
602    }
603    if(verboseLevel > 1) {
604      G4cout << "### Shell inverse cross sections for "
605             << material->GetName() << G4endl;
606      xsis->PrintData();
607      G4cout << "### Atom cross sections for "
608             << material->GetName() << G4endl;
609      xsis1->PrintData();
610    }
611    shellVacancy->AddXsiTable(xsis);
612    zFluoDataVector.push_back(xsis1);
613  }
614  delete bVector;
615}
616
617//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
618
619void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildLambdaTable(
620                       const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType)
621
622{
623  // Build mean free path tables for the delta ray production process
624  //     tables are built for MATERIALS
625
626  if(verboseLevel > 1) {
627    G4cout << "G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BuildLambdaTable for "
628           << aParticleType.GetParticleName() << " is started" << G4endl;
629  }
630
631
632  G4double lowEdgeEnergy, value;
633  charge = aParticleType.GetPDGCharge()/eplus ;
634  chargeSquare = charge*charge ;
635  initialMass = aParticleType.GetPDGMass();
636
637  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
638        G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
639  size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
640
641
642  if (theMeanFreePathTable) {
643    theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy();
644    delete theMeanFreePathTable;
645  }
646
647  theMeanFreePathTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples);
648
649  // loop for materials
650
651  for (size_t J=0 ; J < numOfCouples; J++) {
652
653    //create physics vector then fill it ....
654    G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowestKineticEnergy,
655                                                         HighestKineticEnergy,
656                                                         TotBin);
657
658    // compute the (macroscopic) cross section first
659    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(J);
660    const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
661
662    const G4ElementVector* theElementVector =
663                           material->GetElementVector() ;
664    const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector =
665                           material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector();
666    const G4int NumberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements() ;
667
668      // get the electron kinetic energy cut for the actual material,
669      //  it will be used in ComputeMicroscopicCrossSection
670      // ( it is the SAME for ALL the ELEMENTS in THIS MATERIAL )
671      //   ------------------------------------------------------
672
673    G4double deltaCut = cutForDelta[J];
674
675    for ( G4int i = 0 ; i < TotBin ; i++ ) {
676      lowEdgeEnergy = aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i) ;
677      G4double sigma = 0.0 ;
678      G4int Z;
679     
680      for (G4int iel=0; iel<NumberOfElements; iel++ ) {
681        Z = (G4int) (*theElementVector)[iel]->GetZ();
682        totalCrossSectionMap [Z] = ComputeMicroscopicCrossSection(
683                                                                  aParticleType,
684                                                                  lowEdgeEnergy,
685                                                                  Z,
686                                                                  deltaCut ) ; 
687        sigma += theAtomicNumDensityVector[iel]*ComputeMicroscopicCrossSection(
688                                                                               aParticleType,
689                                                                               lowEdgeEnergy,
690                                                                               Z,
691                                                                               deltaCut ) ; 
692       
693      }
694
695      // mean free path = 1./macroscopic cross section
696
697      value = sigma<=0 ? DBL_MAX : 1./sigma ;
698
699      aVector->PutValue(i, value) ;
700    }
701
702    theMeanFreePathTable->insert(aVector);
703  }
704
705}
706
707
708//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
709
710G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::ComputeMicroscopicCrossSection(
711                           const G4ParticleDefinition& aParticleType,
712                                 G4double kineticEnergy,
713                                 G4double atomicNumber,
714                                 G4double deltaCutInEnergy) const
715{
716  //******************************************************************
717  // cross section formula is OK for spin=0, 1/2, 1 only !
718  // *****************************************************************
719
720  // calculates the microscopic cross section in GEANT4 internal units
721  //    ( it is called for elements , AtomicNumber = z )
722
723  G4double energy, gamma, beta2, tmax, var;
724  G4double totalCrossSection = 0.0 ;
725
726  G4double particleMass = initialMass;
727
728  // get particle data ...................................
729
730  energy = kineticEnergy + particleMass;
731
732  // some kinematics......................
733
734  gamma  = energy/particleMass;
735  beta2  = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma);
736  var    = electron_mass_c2/particleMass;
737  tmax   = 2.*electron_mass_c2*(gamma*gamma - 1.)/(1. + 2.*gamma*var + var*var);
738
739  // now you can calculate the total cross section
740
741  if( tmax > deltaCutInEnergy ) {
742
743    var=deltaCutInEnergy/tmax;
744    totalCrossSection = (1.0 - var*(1.0 - beta2*std::log(var))) / deltaCutInEnergy ;
745    G4double spin = aParticleType.GetPDGSpin() ;
746
747    // +term for spin=1/2 particle
748    if( 0.5 == spin )
749      totalCrossSection +=  0.5 * (tmax - deltaCutInEnergy) / (energy*energy);
750
751    // +term for spin=1 particle
752    else if( 0.9 < spin )
753      totalCrossSection += -std::log(var)/(3.0*deltaCutInEnergy) +
754        (tmax - deltaCutInEnergy) * ( (5.0+ 1.0/var)*0.25 / (energy*energy) -
755         beta2 / (tmax * deltaCutInEnergy) ) / 3.0 ;
756
757    totalCrossSection *= twopi_mc2_rcl2 * atomicNumber / beta2 ;
758  }
759
760  return totalCrossSection ;
761}
762
763//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
764
765G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::GetMeanFreePath(const G4Track& trackData,
766                                                 G4double, // previousStepSize
767                                                 enum G4ForceCondition* condition)
768{
769   const G4DynamicParticle* aParticle = trackData.GetDynamicParticle();
770   const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = trackData.GetMaterialCutsCouple();
771   const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
772   G4double meanFreePath;
773   G4bool isOutRange ;
774
775   *condition = NotForced ;
776
777   G4double kineticEnergy = (aParticle->GetKineticEnergy())*initialMass/(aParticle->GetMass());
778   charge = aParticle->GetCharge()/eplus;
779   chargeSquare = theIonEffChargeModel->TheValue(aParticle, material);
780
781   if(kineticEnergy < LowestKineticEnergy) meanFreePath = DBL_MAX;
782
783   else {
784     if(kineticEnergy > HighestKineticEnergy)
785                    kineticEnergy = HighestKineticEnergy;
786     meanFreePath = (((*theMeanFreePathTable)(couple->GetIndex()))->
787                    GetValue(kineticEnergy,isOutRange))/chargeSquare;
788     }
789
790   return meanFreePath ;
791}
792
793//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
794
795G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::GetConstraints(
796                                 const G4DynamicParticle* particle,
797                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple)
798{
799  // returns the Step limit
800  // dEdx is calculated as well as the range
801  // based on Effective Charge Approach
802
803  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
804  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
805  G4AntiProton* theAntiProton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton();
806
807  G4double stepLimit = 0.0 ;
808  G4double dx, highEnergy;
809
810  G4double massRatio = proton_mass_c2/(particle->GetMass()) ;
811  G4double kineticEnergy = particle->GetKineticEnergy() ;
812
813  // Scale the kinetic energy
814
815  G4double tscaled = kineticEnergy*massRatio ;
816  fBarkas = 0.0;
817
818  if(charge > 0.0) {
819
820    highEnergy = protonHighEnergy ;
821
822    fRangeNow = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(theProton, tscaled, couple);
823    dx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(theProton, highEnergy, couple);
824    fdEdx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(theProton, tscaled, couple)
825          * chargeSquare ;
826
827        // Correction for positive ions
828    if(theBarkas && tscaled > highEnergy) { 
829        fBarkas = BarkasTerm(material,tscaled)*std::sqrt(chargeSquare)*chargeSquare
830                + BlochTerm(material,tscaled,chargeSquare);
831    }
832    // Antiprotons and negative hadrons
833  } else {
834
835    highEnergy = antiProtonHighEnergy ;
836    fRangeNow = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(theAntiProton, tscaled, couple);
837    dx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(theAntiProton, highEnergy, couple);
838    fdEdx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(theAntiProton, tscaled, couple)
839          * chargeSquare ;
840
841    if(theBarkas && tscaled > highEnergy) { 
842        fBarkas = -BarkasTerm(material,tscaled)*std::sqrt(chargeSquare)*chargeSquare
843                + BlochTerm(material,tscaled,chargeSquare);
844    }
845  }
846  /*
847  const G4Material* mat = couple->GetMaterial();
848  G4double fac = gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity());
849  G4cout << particle->GetDefinition()->GetParticleName()
850         << " in " << mat->GetName()
851         << " E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV
852         << " dedx(MeV*cm^2/g)= " << fdEdx*fac
853         << " barcas(MeV*cm^2/gram)= " << fBarkas*fac
854         << " Q^2= " << chargeSquare
855         << G4endl;
856  */
857  // scaling back
858  fRangeNow /= (chargeSquare*massRatio) ;
859  dx        /= (chargeSquare*massRatio) ;
860
861  stepLimit  = fRangeNow ;
862  G4double r = std::min(finalRange, couple->GetProductionCuts()
863                 ->GetProductionCut(idxG4ElectronCut));
864
865  if (fRangeNow > r) {
866    stepLimit = dRoverRange*fRangeNow + r*(1.0 - dRoverRange)*(2.0 - r/fRangeNow);
867    if (stepLimit > fRangeNow) stepLimit = fRangeNow;
868  }
869  // compute the (random) Step limit in standard energy range
870  if(tscaled > highEnergy ) {
871
872    // add Barkas correction directly to dedx
873    fdEdx  += fBarkas;
874 
875    if(stepLimit > fRangeNow - dx*0.9) stepLimit = fRangeNow - dx*0.9 ;
876
877  // Step limit in low energy range
878  } else {
879    G4double x = dx*paramStepLimit;
880    if (stepLimit > x) stepLimit = x;
881  }
882  return stepLimit ;
883}
884
885//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
886
887G4VParticleChange* G4hLowEnergyIonisation::AlongStepDoIt(
888                                           const G4Track& trackData,
889                                           const G4Step& stepData)
890{
891  // compute the energy loss after a step
892  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
893  G4AntiProton* theAntiProton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton();
894  G4double finalT = 0.0 ;
895
896  aParticleChange.Initialize(trackData) ;
897
898  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = trackData.GetMaterialCutsCouple();
899  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
900
901  // get the actual (true) Step length from stepData
902  const G4double step = stepData.GetStepLength() ;
903
904  const G4DynamicParticle* particle = trackData.GetDynamicParticle() ;
905
906  G4double kineticEnergy = particle->GetKineticEnergy() ;
907  G4double massRatio = proton_mass_c2/(particle->GetMass()) ;
908  G4double tscaled= kineticEnergy*massRatio ;
909  G4double eloss = 0.0 ;
910  G4double nloss = 0.0 ;
911
912
913    // very small particle energy
914  if(kineticEnergy < MinKineticEnergy) {
915
916    eloss = kineticEnergy ;
917
918    // particle energy outside tabulated energy range
919  } else if( kineticEnergy > HighestKineticEnergy) {
920    eloss = step*fdEdx ;
921
922    // big step
923  } else if(step >= fRangeNow ) {
924    eloss = kineticEnergy ;
925
926    // tabulated range
927  } else {
928
929    // step longer than linear step limit
930    if(step > linLossLimit*fRangeNow) {
931
932      G4double rscaled= fRangeNow*massRatio*chargeSquare ;
933      G4double sscaled=   step   *massRatio*chargeSquare ;
934
935      if(charge > 0.0) {
936        eloss = G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(
937                                    theProton,rscaled, couple) -
938                G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(
939                                    theProton,rscaled-sscaled,couple) ;
940
941      } else {
942        eloss = G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(
943                                    theAntiProton,rscaled,couple) -
944                G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(
945                                    theAntiProton,rscaled-sscaled,couple) ;
946      }
947      eloss /= massRatio ;
948
949      // Barkas correction at big step     
950      eloss += fBarkas*step;
951
952    // step shorter than linear step limit
953    } else {
954      eloss = step*fdEdx ;
955    }
956    if(nStopping && tscaled < protonHighEnergy) {
957      nloss = (theNuclearStoppingModel->TheValue(particle, material))*step;
958    }
959  }
960
961  if(eloss < 0.0) eloss = 0.0;
962
963  finalT = kineticEnergy - eloss - nloss;
964
965  if( EnlossFlucFlag && 0.0 < eloss && finalT > MinKineticEnergy) {
966
967    //  now the electron loss with fluctuation
968    eloss = ElectronicLossFluctuation(particle, couple, eloss, step) ;
969    if(eloss < 0.0) eloss = 0.0;
970    finalT = kineticEnergy - eloss - nloss;
971  }
972
973  //  stop particle if the kinetic energy <= MinKineticEnergy
974  if (finalT*massRatio <= MinKineticEnergy ) {
975
976     finalT = 0.0;
977      if(!particle->GetDefinition()->GetProcessManager()->
978                     GetAtRestProcessVector()->size())
979        aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill);
980      else
981        aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive);
982  }
983
984  aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy( finalT );
985  eloss = kineticEnergy-finalT;
986
987  // Deexcitation only of ionised atoms
988  G4double hMass = particle->GetMass();
989  std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* newpart = 0;
990  G4DynamicParticle* part = 0;
991
992  if(theFluo) newpart = DeexciteAtom(couple, kineticEnergy, hMass, eloss);
993
994  if(newpart != 0) {
995
996    //    G4cout << "AlongStep DEEXCTATION!!!" << G4endl; //debug
997    size_t nSecondaries = newpart->size();
998    aParticleChange.SetNumberOfSecondaries(nSecondaries);
999    G4Track* newtrack = 0;
1000    const G4StepPoint* preStep = stepData.GetPreStepPoint();
1001    const G4StepPoint* postStep = stepData.GetPostStepPoint();
1002    G4ThreeVector r = preStep->GetPosition();
1003    G4ThreeVector deltaR = postStep->GetPosition();
1004    deltaR -= r;
1005    G4double t = preStep->GetGlobalTime();
1006    G4double deltaT = postStep->GetGlobalTime();
1007    deltaT -= t;
1008    G4double time, q, e;
1009    G4ThreeVector position;
1010
1011    for(size_t i=0; i<nSecondaries; i++) {
1012
1013      part = (*newpart)[i];
1014      if(part) {
1015
1016        e = part->GetKineticEnergy();
1017        if(e <= eloss) {
1018
1019          eloss -= e;
1020          q = G4UniformRand();
1021          time = deltaT*q + t;
1022          position  = deltaR*q;
1023          position += r;
1024          newtrack = new G4Track(part, time, position);
1025          aParticleChange.AddSecondary(newtrack);
1026
1027        } else {
1028
1029          delete part;
1030
1031        }
1032      }
1033    }
1034    delete newpart;
1035  }
1036
1037  aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(eloss);
1038  return &aParticleChange ;
1039}
1040
1041//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1042
1043G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::ProtonParametrisedDEDX(
1044                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1045                                       G4double kineticEnergy) const
1046{
1047  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1048  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
1049  G4double eloss = 0.0;
1050
1051    // Free Electron Gas Model
1052  if(kineticEnergy < protonLowEnergy) {
1053    eloss = (theProtonModel->TheValue(theProton, material, protonLowEnergy))
1054          * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/protonLowEnergy) ;
1055
1056    // Parametrisation
1057  } else {
1058    eloss = theProtonModel->TheValue(theProton, material, kineticEnergy) ;
1059  }
1060
1061  // Delta rays energy
1062  eloss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,kineticEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ;
1063
1064  if(verboseLevel > 2) {
1065    G4cout << "p E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV
1066           << " dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << eloss*mm/MeV
1067           << " for " << material->GetName()
1068           << " model: " << theProtonModel << G4endl;
1069  }
1070
1071  if(eloss < 0.0) eloss = 0.0 ;
1072
1073  return eloss ;
1074}
1075
1076//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1077
1078G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(
1079                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1080                                       G4double kineticEnergy) const
1081{
1082  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1083  G4AntiProton* theAntiProton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton();
1084  G4double eloss = 0.0 ;
1085
1086  // Antiproton model is used
1087  if(theAntiProtonModel->IsInCharge(theAntiProton,material)) {
1088    if(kineticEnergy < antiProtonLowEnergy) {
1089      eloss = theAntiProtonModel->TheValue(theAntiProton,material,antiProtonLowEnergy)
1090            * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/antiProtonLowEnergy) ;
1091
1092    // Parametrisation
1093    } else {
1094      eloss = theAntiProtonModel->TheValue(theAntiProton,material,
1095                                           kineticEnergy);
1096    }
1097
1098  // The proton model is used + Barkas correction
1099  } else {
1100    if(kineticEnergy < protonLowEnergy) {
1101      eloss = theProtonModel->TheValue(G4Proton::Proton(),material,protonLowEnergy)
1102          * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/protonLowEnergy) ;
1103
1104    // Parametrisation
1105    } else {
1106      eloss = theProtonModel->TheValue(G4Proton::Proton(),material,
1107                                       kineticEnergy);
1108    }
1109    //if(theBarkas) eloss -= 2.0*BarkasTerm(material, kineticEnergy);
1110  }
1111
1112  // Delta rays energy
1113  eloss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,kineticEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ;
1114
1115  if(verboseLevel > 2) {
1116    G4cout << "pbar E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV
1117           << " dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << eloss*mm/MeV
1118           << " for " << material->GetName()
1119           << " model: " << theProtonModel << G4endl;
1120  }
1121
1122  if(eloss < 0.0) eloss = 0.0 ;
1123
1124  return eloss ;
1125}
1126
1127//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1128
1129G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::DeltaRaysEnergy(
1130                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1131                                       G4double kineticEnergy,
1132                                       G4double particleMass) const
1133{
1134  G4double dloss = 0.0 ;
1135
1136  G4double deltaCutNow = cutForDelta[(couple->GetIndex())] ;
1137  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1138  G4double electronDensity = material->GetElectronDensity();
1139  G4double eexc = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
1140
1141  G4double tau = kineticEnergy/particleMass ;
1142  G4double rateMass = electron_mass_c2/particleMass ;
1143
1144  // some local variables
1145
1146  G4double gamma,bg2,beta2,tmax,x ;
1147
1148  gamma = tau + 1.0 ;
1149  bg2 = tau*(tau+2.0) ;
1150  beta2 = bg2/(gamma*gamma) ;
1151  tmax = 2.*electron_mass_c2*bg2/(1.0+2.0*gamma*rateMass+rateMass*rateMass) ;
1152
1153  // Validity range for delta electron cross section
1154  G4double deltaCut = std::max(deltaCutNow, eexc);
1155
1156  if ( deltaCut < tmax) {
1157    x = deltaCut / tmax ;
1158    dloss = ( beta2 * (x - 1.0) - std::log(x) ) * twopi_mc2_rcl2
1159          * electronDensity / beta2 ;
1160  }
1161  return dloss ;
1162}
1163
1164//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1165
1166G4VParticleChange* G4hLowEnergyIonisation::PostStepDoIt(
1167                                           const G4Track& trackData,
1168                                           const G4Step& stepData)
1169{
1170  // Units are expressed in GEANT4 internal units.
1171
1172  G4double KineticEnergy,TotalEnergy,TotalMomentum,betasquare,
1173           DeltaKineticEnergy,DeltaTotalMomentum,costheta,sintheta,phi,
1174           dirx,diry,dirz,finalKineticEnergy,finalPx,finalPy,finalPz,
1175           x,xc,grej,Psquare,Esquare,rate,finalMomentum ;
1176
1177  aParticleChange.Initialize(trackData) ;
1178  const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = trackData.GetMaterialCutsCouple();
1179
1180  const G4DynamicParticle* aParticle = trackData.GetDynamicParticle() ;
1181
1182  // some kinematics
1183
1184  ParticleMass=aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetPDGMass();
1185  KineticEnergy=aParticle->GetKineticEnergy();
1186  TotalEnergy=KineticEnergy + ParticleMass ;
1187  Psquare=KineticEnergy*(TotalEnergy+ParticleMass) ;
1188  Esquare=TotalEnergy*TotalEnergy;
1189  betasquare=Psquare/Esquare;
1190  G4ThreeVector ParticleDirection = aParticle->GetMomentumDirection() ;
1191
1192  G4double gamma= KineticEnergy/ParticleMass + 1.;
1193  G4double r    = electron_mass_c2/ParticleMass;
1194  G4double tmax = 2.*electron_mass_c2*(gamma*gamma - 1.)/(1. + 2.*gamma*r + r*r);
1195
1196  // Validity range for delta electron cross section
1197  G4double DeltaCut = cutForDelta[couple->GetIndex()];
1198
1199  // This should not be a case
1200  if(DeltaCut >= tmax)
1201       return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(trackData,stepData);
1202
1203  xc   = DeltaCut / tmax;
1204  rate = tmax / TotalEnergy;
1205  rate = rate*rate ;
1206  G4double spin = aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetPDGSpin() ;
1207
1208  // sampling follows ...
1209      do {
1210        x=xc/(1.-(1.-xc)*G4UniformRand());
1211
1212        if(0.0 == spin) {
1213          grej = 1.0 - betasquare * x ;
1214
1215        } else if (0.5 == spin) {
1216          grej = (1.0 - betasquare * x + 0.5*x*x*rate) / (1.0 + 0.5 * rate) ;
1217
1218        } else {
1219          grej = (1.0 - betasquare * x ) * (1.0 + x/ (3.0*xc)) +
1220            x * x * rate * (1.0 + 0.5 * x / xc) / 3.0 /
1221            (1.0 + 1.0/(3.0*xc) + rate *(1.0+ 0.5/xc) /3.0) ;
1222        }
1223
1224      } while( G4UniformRand() > grej );
1225
1226
1227  DeltaKineticEnergy = x * tmax;
1228
1229  DeltaTotalMomentum = std::sqrt(DeltaKineticEnergy * (DeltaKineticEnergy +
1230                                                  2. * electron_mass_c2 )) ;
1231  TotalMomentum = std::sqrt(Psquare) ;
1232  costheta = DeltaKineticEnergy * (TotalEnergy + electron_mass_c2)
1233    /(DeltaTotalMomentum * TotalMomentum) ;
1234
1235  //  protection against costheta > 1 or < -1   ---------------
1236  if ( costheta < -1. )
1237    costheta = -1. ;
1238  if ( costheta > +1. )
1239    costheta = +1. ;
1240
1241  //  direction of the delta electron  ........
1242  phi = twopi * G4UniformRand() ;
1243  sintheta = std::sqrt(1. - costheta*costheta);
1244  dirx = sintheta * std::cos(phi) ;
1245  diry = sintheta * std::sin(phi) ;
1246  dirz = costheta ;
1247
1248  G4ThreeVector DeltaDirection(dirx,diry,dirz) ;
1249  DeltaDirection.rotateUz(ParticleDirection) ;
1250
1251  // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray
1252  G4DynamicParticle *theDeltaRay = new G4DynamicParticle;
1253  theDeltaRay->SetKineticEnergy( DeltaKineticEnergy );
1254  theDeltaRay->SetMomentumDirection(DeltaDirection.x(),
1255                                    DeltaDirection.y(),
1256                                    DeltaDirection.z());
1257  theDeltaRay->SetDefinition(G4Electron::Electron());
1258
1259  // fill aParticleChange
1260  finalKineticEnergy = KineticEnergy - DeltaKineticEnergy ;
1261
1262  // Generation of Fluorescence and Auger
1263  size_t nSecondaries = 0;
1264  size_t totalNumber  = 1;
1265  std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* secondaryVector = 0;
1266  G4DynamicParticle* aSecondary = 0;
1267  G4ParticleDefinition* type = 0;
1268
1269  // Select atom and shell
1270  G4int Z = SelectRandomAtom(couple, KineticEnergy);
1271
1272  //   G4cout << "Fluorescence is switched :" << theFluo << G4endl;
1273
1274  // Fluorescence data start from element 6
1275  if(theFluo && Z > 5) {
1276
1277
1278
1279    // Atom total cross section     
1280    shellCS->SetTotalCS(totalCrossSectionMap[Z]);   
1281
1282    G4int shell = shellCS->SelectRandomShell(Z, KineticEnergy,ParticleMass,DeltaKineticEnergy);
1283
1284    if (shell!=-1) {       
1285     
1286      const G4AtomicShell* atomicShell =
1287        (G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance())->Shell(Z, shell);
1288      G4double bindingEnergy = atomicShell->BindingEnergy();
1289     
1290      if(verboseLevel > 1) {
1291        G4cout << "PostStep Z= " << Z << " shell= " << shell
1292               << " bindingE(keV)= " << bindingEnergy/keV
1293               << " finalE(keV)= " << finalKineticEnergy/keV
1294               << G4endl;
1295      }
1296     
1297     
1298     
1299      if (finalKineticEnergy >= bindingEnergy
1300          && (bindingEnergy >= minGammaEnergy
1301              ||  bindingEnergy >= minElectronEnergy) ) {
1302       
1303        //      G4int shellId = atomicShell->ShellId();
1304        deexcitationManager.GenerateParticles(secondaryVector, atomicShell, Z, minGammaEnergy, minElectronEnergy);
1305       
1306        if (secondaryVector != 0) {
1307          // debug        G4cout << "DEEXCTATION!!!" << G4endl; //debug 
1308          nSecondaries = secondaryVector->size();
1309          for (size_t i = 0; i<nSecondaries; i++) {
1310           
1311            aSecondary = (*secondaryVector)[i];
1312            if (aSecondary) {
1313             
1314              G4double e = aSecondary->GetKineticEnergy();
1315              type = aSecondary->GetDefinition();
1316              if (e < finalKineticEnergy &&
1317                  ((type == G4Gamma::Gamma() && e > minGammaEnergy ) ||
1318                   (type == G4Electron::Electron() && e > minElectronEnergy ))) {
1319               
1320                finalKineticEnergy -= e;
1321                totalNumber++;
1322               
1323              } else {
1324               
1325                delete aSecondary;
1326                (*secondaryVector)[i] = 0;
1327              }
1328            }
1329          }
1330        }
1331      }
1332    }
1333  }
1334 
1335  // Save delta-electrons
1336
1337  G4double edep = 0.0;
1338
1339  if (finalKineticEnergy > MinKineticEnergy)
1340    {
1341      finalPx = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.x()
1342        - DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.x();
1343      finalPy = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.y()
1344        - DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.y();
1345      finalPz = TotalMomentum*ParticleDirection.z()
1346        - DeltaTotalMomentum*DeltaDirection.z();
1347      finalMomentum =
1348        std::sqrt(finalPx*finalPx+finalPy*finalPy+finalPz*finalPz) ;
1349      finalPx /= finalMomentum ;
1350      finalPy /= finalMomentum ;
1351      finalPz /= finalMomentum ;
1352
1353      aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection( finalPx,finalPy,finalPz );
1354    }
1355  else
1356    {
1357      edep = finalKineticEnergy;
1358      finalKineticEnergy = 0.;
1359      aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection(ParticleDirection.x(),
1360                      ParticleDirection.y(),ParticleDirection.z());
1361      if(!aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetProcessManager()->
1362                     GetAtRestProcessVector()->size())
1363        aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill);
1364      else
1365        aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive);
1366    }
1367
1368  aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy( finalKineticEnergy );
1369  aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit (edep);
1370  aParticleChange.SetNumberOfSecondaries(totalNumber);
1371  aParticleChange.AddSecondary(theDeltaRay);
1372
1373  // Save Fluorescence and Auger
1374
1375  if (secondaryVector) {
1376
1377    for (size_t l = 0; l < nSecondaries; l++) {
1378
1379      aSecondary = (*secondaryVector)[l];
1380      if(aSecondary) {
1381        aParticleChange.AddSecondary(aSecondary);
1382      }
1383    }
1384    delete secondaryVector;
1385  }
1386
1387  return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(trackData,stepData);
1388}
1389
1390//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1391
1392
1393
1394void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::SelectShellIonisationCS(G4String val) {
1395
1396  if (val == "analytical" )  { 
1397    if (shellCS) delete shellCS;
1398    shellCS = new G4teoCrossSection(val);
1399  }
1400  else if (val == "empirical") {
1401    if (shellCS) delete shellCS;
1402    shellCS = new G4empCrossSection();
1403  }
1404}
1405
1406
1407
1408//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1409
1410
1411std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* G4hLowEnergyIonisation::DeexciteAtom(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1412                                           G4double incidentEnergy,
1413                                           G4double hMass,
1414                                           G4double eLoss)
1415{
1416
1417  if (verboseLevel > 1) {
1418        G4cout << "DeexciteAtom: cutForPhotons(keV)= " << minGammaEnergy/keV
1419               << "  cutForElectrons(keV)= " << minElectronEnergy/keV
1420               << "  eLoss(MeV)= " << eLoss
1421               << G4endl;
1422  }
1423
1424
1425
1426  if(eLoss < minGammaEnergy && eLoss < minElectronEnergy) return 0;
1427
1428  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1429  G4int index    = couple->GetIndex();
1430  //  G4double eexc  = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
1431  G4double gamma = incidentEnergy/hMass + 1;
1432  G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma);
1433  G4double r     = electron_mass_c2/hMass;
1434  G4double tmax  = 2.*electron_mass_c2*(gamma*gamma - 1.)/(1. + 2.*gamma*r + r*r);
1435  G4double tcut  = std::min(tmax,cutForDelta[index]);
1436  const G4AtomicTransitionManager* transitionManager =
1437                             G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance();
1438
1439  size_t nElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
1440  const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
1441  G4bool stop = true;
1442
1443  for (size_t j=0; j<nElements; j++) {
1444
1445    G4int Z = (G4int)((*theElementVector)[j]->GetZ());
1446    G4double maxE = transitionManager->Shell(Z, 0)->BindingEnergy();
1447
1448    if (Z > 5 && maxE < tcut && (maxE > minGammaEnergy || maxE > minElectronEnergy) ) {
1449      stop = false;
1450      break;
1451    }
1452  }
1453
1454  if(stop) return 0;
1455
1456  // create vector of tracks of secondary particles
1457 
1458  std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* partVector =
1459         new std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>;
1460  std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* secVector = new std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>;
1461  G4DynamicParticle* aSecondary = 0;
1462  G4ParticleDefinition* type = 0;
1463  G4double e, tkin, grej;
1464  G4ThreeVector position;
1465  G4int shell;
1466
1467  // sample secondaries
1468
1469  G4double etot = 0.0;
1470  std::vector<G4int> n = shellVacancy->GenerateNumberOfIonisations(couple,
1471                                         incidentEnergy, eLoss);
1472
1473  for (size_t i=0; i<nElements; i++) {
1474
1475    size_t nVacancies = n[i];
1476    G4int Z = (G4int)((*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ());
1477    G4double maxE = transitionManager->Shell(Z, 0)->BindingEnergy();
1478
1479    if (nVacancies && Z  > 5 && maxE < tcut && (maxE > minGammaEnergy || maxE > minElectronEnergy)) {
1480      for(size_t j=0; j<nVacancies; j++) {
1481
1482        // sampling follows
1483        do {
1484          tkin = tcut/(1.0 + (tcut/maxE - 1.0)*G4UniformRand());
1485          grej = 1.0 - beta2 * tkin/tmax;
1486
1487        } while( G4UniformRand() > grej );
1488
1489        // Atom total cross section     
1490        shellCS->SetTotalCS(totalCrossSectionMap[Z]); 
1491       
1492        shell = shellCS->SelectRandomShell(Z,incidentEnergy,hMass,tkin);
1493       
1494        //        shellId = transitionManager->Shell(Z, shell)->ShellId();
1495        G4double maxE = transitionManager->Shell(Z, shell)->BindingEnergy();
1496       
1497        if (maxE>minGammaEnergy || maxE>minElectronEnergy ) 
1498          {
1499          deexcitationManager.GenerateParticles(secVector, transitionManager->Shell(Z, shell), Z, minGammaEnergy, minElectronEnergy);
1500          }
1501
1502          if (!(secVector->empty())) {
1503            size_t secN = secVector->size();
1504            for (size_t l = 0; l<secN; l++) {
1505             
1506              aSecondary = (*secVector)[l];
1507              if(aSecondary) {
1508               
1509                e = aSecondary->GetKineticEnergy();
1510                type = aSecondary->GetDefinition();
1511                if ( etot + e <= eLoss &&
1512                     ( (type == G4Gamma::Gamma() && e > minGammaEnergy ) ||
1513                       (type == G4Electron::Electron() && e > minElectronEnergy) ) ) 
1514                  {
1515                    etot += e;
1516                    partVector->push_back(aSecondary); 
1517                  } 
1518                else 
1519                  {
1520                    delete aSecondary;
1521                  }
1522                aSecondary = 0;
1523              }
1524              (*secVector)[l] = 0;
1525              delete (*secVector)[l];
1526            }
1527           
1528            //      secVector = 0;
1529
1530          }
1531      }
1532    }
1533  }
1534
1535  delete secVector;
1536
1537  if(partVector->empty()) {
1538    delete partVector;
1539    return 0;
1540  }
1541
1542  return partVector;
1543}
1544
1545//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1546
1547G4int G4hLowEnergyIonisation::SelectRandomAtom(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1548                                                     G4double kineticEnergy) const
1549{
1550  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1551  G4int nElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
1552  G4int Z = 0;
1553
1554  if(nElements == 1) {
1555    Z = (G4int)(material->GetZ());
1556    return Z;
1557  }
1558
1559  const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
1560  std::vector<G4double> p;
1561  G4int index = couple->GetIndex();
1562
1563  G4double norm = 0.0;
1564  for (G4int j=0; j<nElements; j++) {
1565
1566    const G4VEMDataSet* set = (zFluoDataVector[index])->GetComponent(j);
1567    G4double cross    = set->FindValue(kineticEnergy);
1568
1569    p.push_back(cross);
1570    norm += cross;
1571  }
1572
1573  if(norm == 0.0) return 0;
1574
1575  G4double q = norm*G4UniformRand();
1576
1577  for (G4int i=0; i<nElements; i++) {
1578
1579    if(p[i] > q) {
1580       Z = (G4int)((*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ());
1581       break;
1582    }
1583    q -= p[i];
1584  }
1585
1586  return Z;
1587}
1588
1589//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1590
1591G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::ComputeDEDX(
1592                                 const G4ParticleDefinition* aParticle,
1593                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1594                                 G4double kineticEnergy)
1595{
1596  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1597  G4Proton* theProton = G4Proton::Proton();
1598  G4AntiProton* theAntiProton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton();
1599  G4double dedx = 0.0 ;
1600
1601  G4double tscaled = kineticEnergy*proton_mass_c2/(aParticle->GetPDGMass()) ;
1602  charge  = aParticle->GetPDGCharge() ;
1603
1604  if(charge>0.0) {
1605    if(tscaled > protonHighEnergy) {
1606      dedx=G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(theProton,tscaled,couple) ;
1607
1608    } else {
1609      dedx=ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,tscaled) ;
1610    }
1611
1612  } else {
1613    if(tscaled > antiProtonHighEnergy) {
1614      dedx=G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(theAntiProton,tscaled,couple);
1615
1616    } else {
1617      dedx=AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,tscaled) ;
1618    }
1619  }
1620  dedx *= theIonEffChargeModel->TheValue(aParticle, material, kineticEnergy) ;
1621
1622  return dedx ;
1623}
1624
1625//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1626
1627G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BarkasTerm(const G4Material* material,
1628                                                  G4double kineticEnergy) const
1629//Function to compute the Barkas term for protons:
1630//
1631//Ref. Z_1^3 effect in the stopping power of matter for charged particles
1632//     J.C Ashley and R.H.Ritchie
1633//     Physical review B Vol.5 No.7 1 April 1972 pagg. 2393-2397
1634//
1635{
1636  static double FTable[47][2] = {
1637   { 0.02, 21.5},
1638   { 0.03, 20.0},
1639   { 0.04, 18.0},
1640   { 0.05, 15.6},
1641   { 0.06, 15.0},
1642   { 0.07, 14.0},
1643   { 0.08, 13.5},
1644   { 0.09, 13.},
1645   { 0.1,  12.2},
1646   { 0.2,  9.25},
1647   { 0.3,  7.0},
1648   { 0.4,  6.0},
1649   { 0.5,  4.5},
1650   { 0.6,  3.5},
1651   { 0.7,  3.0},
1652   { 0.8,  2.5},
1653   { 0.9,  2.0},
1654   { 1.0,  1.7},
1655   { 1.2,  1.2},
1656   { 1.3,  1.0},
1657   { 1.4,  0.86},
1658   { 1.5,  0.7},
1659   { 1.6,  0.61},
1660   { 1.7,  0.52},
1661   { 1.8,  0.5},
1662   { 1.9,  0.43},
1663   { 2.0,  0.42},
1664   { 2.1,  0.3},
1665   { 2.4,  0.2},
1666   { 3.0,  0.13},
1667   { 3.08, 0.1},
1668   { 3.1,  0.09},
1669   { 3.3,  0.08},
1670   { 3.5,  0.07},
1671   { 3.8,  0.06},
1672   { 4.0,  0.051},
1673   { 4.1,  0.04},
1674   { 4.8,  0.03},
1675   { 5.0,  0.024},
1676   { 5.1,  0.02},
1677   { 6.0,  0.013},
1678   { 6.5,  0.01},
1679   { 7.0,  0.009},
1680   { 7.1,  0.008},
1681   { 8.0,  0.006},
1682   { 9.0,  0.0032},
1683   { 10.0, 0.0025} };
1684
1685  // Information on particle and material
1686  G4double kinE  = kineticEnergy ;
1687  if(0.5*MeV > kinE) kinE = 0.5*MeV ;
1688  G4double gamma = 1.0 + kinE / proton_mass_c2 ;
1689  G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma) ;
1690  if(0.0 >= beta2) return 0.0;
1691
1692  G4double BarkasTerm = 0.0;
1693  G4double AMaterial = 0.0;
1694  G4double ZMaterial = 0.0;
1695  const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector();
1696  G4int numberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
1697
1698  for (G4int i = 0; i<numberOfElements; i++) {
1699
1700    AMaterial = (*theElementVector)[i]->GetA()*mole/g;
1701    ZMaterial = (*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ();
1702
1703    G4double X = 137.0 * 137.0 * beta2 / ZMaterial;
1704
1705    // Variables to compute L_1
1706    G4double Eta0Chi = 0.8;
1707    G4double EtaChi = Eta0Chi * ( 1.0 + 6.02*std::pow( ZMaterial,-1.19 ) );
1708    G4double W = ( EtaChi * std::pow( ZMaterial,1.0/6.0 ) ) / std::sqrt(X);
1709    G4double FunctionOfW = FTable[46][1]*FTable[46][0]/W ;
1710
1711    for(G4int j=0; j<47; j++) {
1712
1713      if( W < FTable[j][0] ) {
1714
1715        if(0 == j) {
1716          FunctionOfW = FTable[0][1] ;
1717
1718        } else {
1719          FunctionOfW = (FTable[j][1] - FTable[j-1][1]) * (W - FTable[j-1][0])
1720                      / (FTable[j][0] - FTable[j-1][0])
1721                      +  FTable[j-1][1] ;
1722        }
1723
1724        break;
1725      }
1726
1727    }
1728
1729    BarkasTerm += FunctionOfW /( std::sqrt(ZMaterial * X) * X);
1730  }
1731
1732  BarkasTerm *= twopi_mc2_rcl2 * (material->GetElectronDensity()) / beta2 ;
1733
1734  return BarkasTerm;
1735}
1736
1737//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1738
1739G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::BlochTerm(const G4Material* material,
1740                                                 G4double kineticEnergy,
1741                                                 G4double cSquare) const
1742//Function to compute the Bloch term for protons:
1743//
1744//Ref. Z_1^3 effect in the stopping power of matter for charged particles
1745//     J.C Ashley and R.H.Ritchie
1746//     Physical review B Vol.5 No.7 1 April 1972 pagg. 2393-2397
1747//
1748{
1749  G4double eloss = 0.0 ;
1750  G4double gamma = 1.0 + kineticEnergy / proton_mass_c2 ;
1751  G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma) ;
1752  G4double y = cSquare / (137.0*137.0*beta2) ;
1753
1754  if(y < 0.05) {
1755    eloss = 1.202 ;
1756
1757  } else {
1758    eloss = 1.0 / (1.0 + y) ;
1759    G4double de = eloss ;
1760
1761    for(G4int i=2; de>eloss*0.01; i++) {
1762      de = 1.0/( i * (i*i + y)) ;
1763      eloss += de ;
1764    }
1765  }
1766  eloss *= -1.0 * y * cSquare * twopi_mc2_rcl2 *
1767            (material->GetElectronDensity()) / beta2 ;
1768
1769  return eloss;
1770}
1771
1772//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
1773
1774G4double G4hLowEnergyIonisation::ElectronicLossFluctuation(
1775                                 const G4DynamicParticle* particle,
1776                                 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
1777                                       G4double meanLoss,
1778                                       G4double step) const
1779//  calculate actual loss from the mean loss
1780//  The model used to get the fluctuation is essentially the same
1781// as in Glandz in Geant3.
1782{
1783  // data members to speed up the fluctuation calculation
1784  //  G4int imat ;
1785  //  G4double f1Fluct,f2Fluct,e1Fluct,e2Fluct,rateFluct,ipotFluct;
1786  //  G4double e1LogFluct,e2LogFluct,ipotLogFluct;
1787
1788  static const G4double minLoss = 1.*eV ;
1789  static const G4double kappa = 10. ;
1790  static const G4double theBohrBeta2 = 50.0 * keV/proton_mass_c2 ;
1791
1792  const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial();
1793  G4int    imaterial   = couple->GetIndex() ;
1794  G4double ipotFluct   = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy() ;
1795  G4double electronDensity = material->GetElectronDensity() ;
1796  G4double zeff = electronDensity/(material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()) ;
1797
1798  // get particle data
1799  G4double tkin   = particle->GetKineticEnergy();
1800  G4double particleMass = particle->GetMass() ;
1801  G4double deltaCutInKineticEnergyNow = cutForDelta[imaterial];
1802
1803  // shortcut for very very small loss
1804  if(meanLoss < minLoss) return meanLoss ;
1805
1806  // Validity range for delta electron cross section
1807  G4double threshold = std::max(deltaCutInKineticEnergyNow,ipotFluct);
1808  G4double loss, siga;
1809
1810  G4double rmass = electron_mass_c2/particleMass;
1811  G4double tau   = tkin/particleMass;
1812  G4double tau1 = tau+1.0;
1813  G4double tau2 = tau*(tau+2.);
1814  G4double tmax    = 2.*electron_mass_c2*tau2/(1.+2.*tau1*rmass+rmass*rmass);
1815
1816
1817  if(tmax > threshold) tmax = threshold;
1818  G4double beta2 = tau2/(tau1*tau1);
1819
1820  // Gaussian fluctuation
1821  if(meanLoss > kappa*tmax || tmax < kappa*ipotFluct )
1822  {
1823    siga = tmax * (1.0-0.5*beta2) * step * twopi_mc2_rcl2
1824         * electronDensity / beta2 ;
1825
1826    // High velocity or negatively charged particle
1827    if( beta2 > 3.0*theBohrBeta2*zeff || charge < 0.0) {
1828      siga = std::sqrt( siga * chargeSquare ) ;
1829
1830    // Low velocity - additional ion charge fluctuations according to
1831    // Q.Yang et al., NIM B61(1991)149-155.
1832    } else {
1833      G4double chu = theIonChuFluctuationModel->TheValue(particle, material);
1834      G4double yang = theIonYangFluctuationModel->TheValue(particle, material);
1835      siga = std::sqrt( siga * (chargeSquare * chu + yang)) ;
1836    }
1837
1838    do {
1839        loss = G4RandGauss::shoot(meanLoss,siga);
1840    } while (loss < 0. || loss > 2.0*meanLoss);
1841    return loss;
1842  }
1843
1844  // Non Gaussian fluctuation
1845  static const G4double probLim = 0.01 ;
1846  static const G4double sumaLim = -std::log(probLim) ;
1847  static const G4double alim = 10.;
1848
1849  G4double suma,w1,w2,C,e0,lossc,w;
1850  G4double a1,a2,a3;
1851  G4int p1,p2,p3;
1852  G4int nb;
1853  G4double corrfac, na,alfa,rfac,namean,sa,alfa1,ea,sea;
1854  G4double dp3;
1855
1856  G4double f1Fluct     = material->GetIonisation()->GetF1fluct();
1857  G4double f2Fluct     = material->GetIonisation()->GetF2fluct();
1858  G4double e1Fluct     = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy1fluct();
1859  G4double e2Fluct     = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy2fluct();
1860  G4double e1LogFluct  = material->GetIonisation()->GetLogEnergy1fluct();
1861  G4double e2LogFluct  = material->GetIonisation()->GetLogEnergy2fluct();
1862  G4double rateFluct   = material->GetIonisation()->GetRateionexcfluct();
1863  G4double ipotLogFluct= material->GetIonisation()->GetLogMeanExcEnergy();
1864
1865  w1 = tmax/ipotFluct;
1866  w2 = std::log(2.*electron_mass_c2*tau2);
1867
1868  C = meanLoss*(1.-rateFluct)/(w2-ipotLogFluct-beta2);
1869
1870  a1 = C*f1Fluct*(w2-e1LogFluct-beta2)/e1Fluct;
1871  a2 = C*f2Fluct*(w2-e2LogFluct-beta2)/e2Fluct;
1872  a3 = rateFluct*meanLoss*(tmax-ipotFluct)/(ipotFluct*tmax*std::log(w1));
1873  if(a1 < 0.0) a1 = 0.0;
1874  if(a2 < 0.0) a2 = 0.0;
1875  if(a3 < 0.0) a3 = 0.0;
1876
1877  suma = a1+a2+a3;
1878
1879  loss = 0.;
1880
1881
1882  if(suma < sumaLim)             // very small Step
1883    {
1884      e0 = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy0fluct();
1885
1886      if(tmax == ipotFluct)
1887      {
1888        a3 = meanLoss/e0;
1889
1890        if(a3>alim)
1891        {
1892          siga=std::sqrt(a3) ;
1893          p3 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5));
1894        }
1895        else
1896          p3 = G4Poisson(a3);
1897
1898        loss = p3*e0 ;
1899
1900        if(p3 > 0)
1901          loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e0 ;
1902
1903      }
1904      else
1905      {
1906        tmax = tmax-ipotFluct+e0 ;
1907        a3 = meanLoss*(tmax-e0)/(tmax*e0*std::log(tmax/e0));
1908
1909        if(a3>alim)
1910        {
1911          siga=std::sqrt(a3) ;
1912          p3 = std::max(0,int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5));
1913        }
1914        else
1915          p3 = G4Poisson(a3);
1916
1917        if(p3 > 0)
1918        {
1919          w = (tmax-e0)/tmax ;
1920          if(p3 > nmaxCont2)
1921          {
1922            dp3 = G4float(p3) ;
1923            corrfac = dp3/G4float(nmaxCont2) ;
1924            p3 = nmaxCont2 ;
1925          }
1926          else
1927            corrfac = 1. ;
1928
1929          for(G4int i=0; i<p3; i++) loss += 1./(1.-w*G4UniformRand()) ;
1930          loss *= e0*corrfac ;
1931        }
1932      }
1933    }
1934
1935  else                              // not so small Step
1936    {
1937      // excitation type 1
1938      if(a1>alim)
1939      {
1940        siga=std::sqrt(a1) ;
1941        p1 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a1,siga)+0.5));
1942      }
1943      else
1944       p1 = G4Poisson(a1);
1945
1946      // excitation type 2
1947      if(a2>alim)
1948      {
1949        siga=std::sqrt(a2) ;
1950        p2 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a2,siga)+0.5));
1951      }
1952      else
1953        p2 = G4Poisson(a2);
1954
1955      loss = p1*e1Fluct+p2*e2Fluct;
1956
1957      // smearing to avoid unphysical peaks
1958      if(p2 > 0)
1959        loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e2Fluct;
1960      else if (loss>0.)
1961        loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e1Fluct;
1962
1963      // ionisation .......................................
1964     if(a3 > 0.)
1965     {
1966      if(a3>alim)
1967      {
1968        siga=std::sqrt(a3) ;
1969        p3 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5));
1970      }
1971      else
1972        p3 = G4Poisson(a3);
1973
1974      lossc = 0.;
1975      if(p3 > 0)
1976      {
1977        na = 0.;
1978        alfa = 1.;
1979        if (p3 > nmaxCont2)
1980        {
1981          dp3        = G4float(p3);
1982          rfac       = dp3/(G4float(nmaxCont2)+dp3);
1983          namean     = G4float(p3)*rfac;
1984          sa         = G4float(nmaxCont1)*rfac;
1985          na         = G4RandGauss::shoot(namean,sa);
1986          if (na > 0.)
1987          {
1988            alfa   = w1*G4float(nmaxCont2+p3)/
1989                    (w1*G4float(nmaxCont2)+G4float(p3));
1990            alfa1  = alfa*std::log(alfa)/(alfa-1.);
1991            ea     = na*ipotFluct*alfa1;
1992            sea    = ipotFluct*std::sqrt(na*(alfa-alfa1*alfa1));
1993            lossc += G4RandGauss::shoot(ea,sea);
1994          }
1995        }
1996
1997        nb = G4int(G4float(p3)-na);
1998        if (nb > 0)
1999        {
2000          w2 = alfa*ipotFluct;
2001          w  = (tmax-w2)/tmax;
2002          for (G4int k=0; k<nb; k++) lossc += w2/(1.-w*G4UniformRand());
2003        }
2004      }
2005      loss += lossc;
2006     }
2007    }
2008
2009  return loss ;
2010}
2011
2012//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
2013
2014void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::SetCutForSecondaryPhotons(G4double cut)
2015{
2016  minGammaEnergy = cut;
2017}
2018
2019//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
2020
2021void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::SetCutForAugerElectrons(G4double cut)
2022{
2023  minElectronEnergy = cut;
2024}
2025
2026//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
2027
2028void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::ActivateAugerElectronProduction(G4bool val)
2029{
2030  deexcitationManager.SetAugerActive(val);
2031}
2032
2033//....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
2034
2035void G4hLowEnergyIonisation::PrintInfoDefinition() const
2036{
2037  G4String comments = "  Knock-on electron cross sections . ";
2038  comments += "\n        Good description above the mean excitation energy.\n";
2039  comments += "        Delta ray energy sampled from  differential Xsection.";
2040
2041  G4cout << G4endl << GetProcessName() << ":  " << comments
2042         << "\n        PhysicsTables from " << LowestKineticEnergy / eV << " eV "
2043         << " to " << HighestKineticEnergy / TeV << " TeV "
2044         << " in " << TotBin << " bins."
2045 << "\n        Electronic stopping power model is  "
2046 << theProtonTable
2047         << "\n        from " << protonLowEnergy / keV << " keV "
2048         << " to " << protonHighEnergy / MeV << " MeV " << "." << G4endl ;
2049  G4cout << "\n        Parametrisation model for antiprotons is  "
2050         << theAntiProtonTable
2051         << "\n        from " << antiProtonLowEnergy / keV << " keV "
2052         << " to " << antiProtonHighEnergy / MeV << " MeV " << "." << G4endl ;
2053  if(theBarkas){
2054  G4cout << "        Parametrization of the Barkas effect is switched on."
2055         << G4endl ;
2056  }
2057  if(nStopping) {
2058  G4cout << "        Nuclear stopping power model is " << theNuclearTable
2059         << G4endl ;
2060  }
2061
2062  G4bool printHead = true;
2063
2064  const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable=
2065        G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable();
2066  size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize();
2067
2068  // loop for materials
2069
2070  for (size_t j=0 ; j < numOfCouples; j++) {
2071
2072    const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j);
2073    const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial();
2074    G4double deltaCutNow = cutForDelta[(couple->GetIndex())] ;
2075    G4double eexc = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
2076
2077    if(eexc > deltaCutNow) {
2078      if(printHead) {
2079        printHead = false ;
2080
2081        G4cout << "           material       min.delta energy(keV) " << G4endl;
2082        G4cout << G4endl;
2083      }
2084
2085      G4cout << std::setw(20) << material->GetName()
2086             << std::setw(15) << eexc/keV << G4endl;
2087    }
2088  }
2089}
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