1 | // |
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2 | // ******************************************************************** |
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3 | // * License and Disclaimer * |
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4 | // * * |
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5 | // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of * |
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6 | // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and * |
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7 | // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file * |
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8 | // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These * |
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9 | // * include a list of copyright holders. * |
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10 | // * * |
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11 | // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing * |
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12 | // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this * |
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13 | // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, * |
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14 | // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its * |
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15 | // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * |
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16 | // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * |
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17 | // * * |
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18 | // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * |
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19 | // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * |
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20 | // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * |
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21 | // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * |
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22 | // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * |
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23 | // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * |
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24 | // ******************************************************************** |
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25 | // |
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26 | // |
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27 | |
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28 | // ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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29 | // G4RDHadronIonisation |
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30 | // |
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31 | // $Id: G4hImpactIonisation.cc,v 1.4 2010/11/25 19:49:43 pia Exp $ |
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32 | // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-04-ref-00 $ |
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33 | // |
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34 | // Author: Maria Grazia Pia (MariaGrazia.Pia@ge.infn.it) |
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35 | // |
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36 | // 08 Sep 2008 - MGP - Created (initially based on G4hLowEnergyIonisation) |
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37 | // Added PIXE capabilities |
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38 | // Partial clean-up of the implementation (more needed) |
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39 | // Calculation of MicroscopicCrossSection delegated to specialised cla// Documentation available in: |
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40 | // M.G. Pia et al., PIXE Simulation With Geant4, |
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41 | // IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 3614-3649, Dec. 2009. |
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42 | |
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43 | // |
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44 | // ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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45 | |
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46 | #include "G4hImpactIonisation.hh" |
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47 | #include "globals.hh" |
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48 | #include "G4ios.hh" |
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49 | #include "Randomize.hh" |
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50 | #include "G4Poisson.hh" |
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51 | #include "G4UnitsTable.hh" |
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52 | #include "G4EnergyLossTables.hh" |
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53 | #include "G4Material.hh" |
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54 | #include "G4DynamicParticle.hh" |
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55 | #include "G4ParticleDefinition.hh" |
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56 | #include "G4AtomicDeexcitation.hh" |
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57 | #include "G4AtomicTransitionManager.hh" |
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58 | #include "G4PixeCrossSectionHandler.hh" |
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59 | #include "G4IInterpolator.hh" |
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60 | #include "G4LogLogInterpolator.hh" |
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61 | #include "G4Gamma.hh" |
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62 | #include "G4Electron.hh" |
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63 | #include "G4Proton.hh" |
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64 | #include "G4ProcessManager.hh" |
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65 | #include "G4ProductionCutsTable.hh" |
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66 | #include "G4PhysicsLogVector.hh" |
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67 | #include "G4PhysicsLinearVector.hh" |
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68 | |
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69 | #include "G4VLowEnergyModel.hh" |
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70 | #include "G4hNuclearStoppingModel.hh" |
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71 | #include "G4hBetheBlochModel.hh" |
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72 | #include "G4hParametrisedLossModel.hh" |
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73 | #include "G4QAOLowEnergyLoss.hh" |
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74 | #include "G4hIonEffChargeSquare.hh" |
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75 | #include "G4IonChuFluctuationModel.hh" |
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76 | #include "G4IonYangFluctuationModel.hh" |
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77 | |
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78 | #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" |
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79 | #include "G4Track.hh" |
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80 | #include "G4Step.hh" |
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81 | |
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82 | G4hImpactIonisation::G4hImpactIonisation(const G4String& processName) |
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83 | : G4hRDEnergyLoss(processName), |
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84 | betheBlochModel(0), |
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85 | protonModel(0), |
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86 | antiprotonModel(0), |
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87 | theIonEffChargeModel(0), |
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88 | theNuclearStoppingModel(0), |
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89 | theIonChuFluctuationModel(0), |
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90 | theIonYangFluctuationModel(0), |
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91 | protonTable("ICRU_R49p"), |
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92 | antiprotonTable("ICRU_R49p"), |
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93 | theNuclearTable("ICRU_R49"), |
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94 | nStopping(true), |
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95 | theBarkas(true), |
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96 | theMeanFreePathTable(0), |
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97 | paramStepLimit (0.005), |
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98 | pixeCrossSectionHandler(0) |
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99 | { |
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100 | InitializeMe(); |
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101 | } |
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102 | |
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103 | |
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104 | |
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105 | void G4hImpactIonisation::InitializeMe() |
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106 | { |
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107 | LowestKineticEnergy = 10.0*eV ; |
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108 | HighestKineticEnergy = 100.0*GeV ; |
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109 | MinKineticEnergy = 10.0*eV ; |
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110 | TotBin = 360 ; |
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111 | protonLowEnergy = 1.*keV ; |
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112 | protonHighEnergy = 100.*MeV ; |
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113 | antiprotonLowEnergy = 25.*keV ; |
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114 | antiprotonHighEnergy = 2.*MeV ; |
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115 | minGammaEnergy = 100 * eV; |
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116 | minElectronEnergy = 250.* eV; |
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117 | verboseLevel = 0; |
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118 | |
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119 | // Min and max energy of incident particle for the calculation of shell cross sections |
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120 | // for PIXE generation |
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121 | eMinPixe = 1.* keV; |
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122 | eMaxPixe = 200. * MeV; |
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123 | |
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124 | G4String defaultPixeModel("ecpssr"); |
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125 | modelK = defaultPixeModel; |
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126 | modelL = defaultPixeModel; |
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127 | modelM = defaultPixeModel; |
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128 | } |
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129 | |
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130 | |
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131 | G4hImpactIonisation::~G4hImpactIonisation() |
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132 | { |
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133 | if (theMeanFreePathTable) |
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134 | { |
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135 | theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy(); |
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136 | delete theMeanFreePathTable; |
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137 | } |
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138 | |
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139 | if (betheBlochModel) delete betheBlochModel; |
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140 | if (protonModel) delete protonModel; |
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141 | if (antiprotonModel) delete antiprotonModel; |
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142 | if (theNuclearStoppingModel) delete theNuclearStoppingModel; |
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143 | if (theIonEffChargeModel) delete theIonEffChargeModel; |
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144 | if (theIonChuFluctuationModel) delete theIonChuFluctuationModel; |
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145 | if (theIonYangFluctuationModel) delete theIonYangFluctuationModel; |
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146 | |
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147 | delete pixeCrossSectionHandler; |
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148 | |
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149 | // ---- MGP ---- The following is to be checked |
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150 | // if (shellVacancy) delete shellVacancy; |
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151 | |
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152 | cutForDelta.clear(); |
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153 | } |
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154 | |
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155 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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156 | void G4hImpactIonisation::SetElectronicStoppingPowerModel(const G4ParticleDefinition* particle, |
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157 | const G4String& dedxTable) |
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158 | // This method defines the ionisation parametrisation method via its name |
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159 | { |
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160 | if (particle->GetPDGCharge() > 0 ) |
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161 | { |
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162 | // Positive charge |
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163 | SetProtonElectronicStoppingPowerModel(dedxTable) ; |
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164 | } |
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165 | else |
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166 | { |
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167 | // Antiprotons |
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168 | SetAntiProtonElectronicStoppingPowerModel(dedxTable) ; |
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169 | } |
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170 | } |
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171 | |
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172 | |
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173 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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174 | void G4hImpactIonisation::InitializeParametrisation() |
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175 | |
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176 | { |
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177 | // Define models for parametrisation of electronic energy losses |
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178 | betheBlochModel = new G4hBetheBlochModel("Bethe-Bloch") ; |
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179 | protonModel = new G4hParametrisedLossModel(protonTable) ; |
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180 | protonHighEnergy = std::min(protonHighEnergy,protonModel->HighEnergyLimit(0, 0)); |
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181 | antiprotonModel = new G4QAOLowEnergyLoss(antiprotonTable) ; |
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182 | theNuclearStoppingModel = new G4hNuclearStoppingModel(theNuclearTable) ; |
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183 | theIonEffChargeModel = new G4hIonEffChargeSquare("Ziegler1988") ; |
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184 | theIonChuFluctuationModel = new G4IonChuFluctuationModel("Chu") ; |
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185 | theIonYangFluctuationModel = new G4IonYangFluctuationModel("Yang") ; |
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186 | } |
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187 | |
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188 | |
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189 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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190 | void G4hImpactIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& particleDef) |
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191 | |
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192 | // just call BuildLossTable+BuildLambdaTable |
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193 | { |
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194 | |
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195 | // Verbose print-out |
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196 | if(verboseLevel > 0) |
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197 | { |
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198 | G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable for " |
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199 | << particleDef.GetParticleName() |
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200 | << " mass(MeV)= " << particleDef.GetPDGMass()/MeV |
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201 | << " charge= " << particleDef.GetPDGCharge()/eplus |
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202 | << " type= " << particleDef.GetParticleType() |
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203 | << G4endl; |
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204 | |
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205 | if(verboseLevel > 1) |
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206 | { |
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207 | G4ProcessVector* pv = particleDef.GetProcessManager()->GetProcessList(); |
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208 | |
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209 | G4cout << " 0: " << (*pv)[0]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[0] |
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210 | << " 1: " << (*pv)[1]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[1] |
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211 | // << " 2: " << (*pv)[2]->GetProcessName() << " " << (*pv)[2] |
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212 | << G4endl; |
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213 | G4cout << "ionModel= " << theIonEffChargeModel |
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214 | << " MFPtable= " << theMeanFreePathTable |
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215 | << " iniMass= " << initialMass |
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216 | << G4endl; |
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217 | } |
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218 | } |
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219 | // End of verbose print-out |
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220 | |
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221 | if (particleDef.GetParticleType() == "nucleus" && |
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222 | particleDef.GetParticleName() != "GenericIon" && |
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223 | particleDef.GetParticleSubType() == "generic") |
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224 | { |
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225 | |
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226 | G4EnergyLossTables::Register(&particleDef, |
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227 | theDEDXpTable, |
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228 | theRangepTable, |
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229 | theInverseRangepTable, |
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230 | theLabTimepTable, |
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231 | theProperTimepTable, |
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232 | LowestKineticEnergy, HighestKineticEnergy, |
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233 | proton_mass_c2/particleDef.GetPDGMass(), |
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234 | TotBin); |
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235 | |
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236 | return; |
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237 | } |
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238 | |
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239 | if( !CutsWhereModified() && theLossTable) return; |
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240 | |
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241 | InitializeParametrisation() ; |
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242 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
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243 | G4AntiProton* antiproton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton(); |
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244 | |
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245 | charge = particleDef.GetPDGCharge() / eplus; |
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246 | chargeSquare = charge*charge ; |
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247 | |
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248 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
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249 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
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250 | size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize(); |
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251 | |
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252 | cutForDelta.clear(); |
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253 | cutForGamma.clear(); |
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254 | |
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255 | for (size_t j=0; j<numOfCouples; j++) { |
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256 | |
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257 | // get material parameters needed for the energy loss calculation |
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258 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j); |
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259 | const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial(); |
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260 | |
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261 | // the cut cannot be below lowest limit |
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262 | G4double tCut = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(1)))[j]; |
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263 | if(tCut > HighestKineticEnergy) tCut = HighestKineticEnergy; |
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264 | |
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265 | G4double excEnergy = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy(); |
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266 | |
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267 | tCut = std::max(tCut,excEnergy); |
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268 | cutForDelta.push_back(tCut); |
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269 | |
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270 | // the cut cannot be below lowest limit |
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271 | tCut = (*(theCoupleTable->GetEnergyCutsVector(0)))[j]; |
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272 | if(tCut > HighestKineticEnergy) tCut = HighestKineticEnergy; |
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273 | tCut = std::max(tCut,minGammaEnergy); |
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274 | cutForGamma.push_back(tCut); |
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275 | } |
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276 | |
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277 | if(verboseLevel > 0) { |
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278 | G4cout << "Cuts are defined " << G4endl; |
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279 | } |
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280 | |
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281 | if(0.0 < charge) |
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282 | { |
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283 | { |
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284 | BuildLossTable(*proton) ; |
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285 | |
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286 | // The following vector has a fixed dimension (see src/G4hImpactLoss.cc for more details) |
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287 | // It happended in the past that caused memory corruption errors. The problem is still pending, even if temporary solved |
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288 | // G4cout << "[NOTE]: __LINE__=" << __LINE__ << ", particleDef=" << particleDef.GetParticleName() << ", proton=" << proton << ", theLossTable=" << theLossTable << ", CounterOfpProcess=" << CounterOfpProcess << G4endl; |
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289 | |
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290 | RecorderOfpProcess[CounterOfpProcess] = theLossTable ; |
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291 | CounterOfpProcess++; |
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292 | } |
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293 | } else { |
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294 | { |
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295 | BuildLossTable(*antiproton) ; |
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296 | |
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297 | // The following vector has a fixed dimension (see src/G4hImpactLoss.cc for more details) |
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298 | // It happended in the past that caused memory corruption errors. The problem is still pending, even if temporary solved |
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299 | // G4cout << "[NOTE]: __LINE__=" << __LINE__ << ", particleDef=" << particleDef.GetParticleName() << ", antiproton=" << antiproton << ", theLossTable=" << theLossTable << ", CounterOfpbarProcess=" << CounterOfpbarProcess << G4endl; |
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300 | |
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301 | RecorderOfpbarProcess[CounterOfpbarProcess] = theLossTable ; |
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302 | CounterOfpbarProcess++; |
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303 | } |
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304 | } |
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305 | |
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306 | if(verboseLevel > 0) { |
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307 | G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: " |
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308 | << "Loss table is built " |
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309 | // << theLossTable |
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310 | << G4endl; |
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311 | } |
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312 | |
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313 | BuildLambdaTable(particleDef) ; |
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314 | // BuildDataForFluorescence(particleDef); |
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315 | |
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316 | if(verboseLevel > 1) { |
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317 | G4cout << (*theMeanFreePathTable) << G4endl; |
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318 | } |
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319 | |
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320 | if(verboseLevel > 0) { |
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321 | G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: " |
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322 | << "DEDX table will be built " |
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323 | // << theDEDXpTable << " " << theDEDXpbarTable |
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324 | // << " " << theRangepTable << " " << theRangepbarTable |
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325 | << G4endl; |
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326 | } |
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327 | |
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328 | BuildDEDXTable(particleDef) ; |
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329 | |
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330 | if(verboseLevel > 1) { |
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331 | G4cout << (*theDEDXpTable) << G4endl; |
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332 | } |
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333 | |
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334 | if((&particleDef == proton) || (&particleDef == antiproton)) PrintInfoDefinition() ; |
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335 | |
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336 | if(verboseLevel > 0) { |
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337 | G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::BuildPhysicsTable: end for " |
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338 | << particleDef.GetParticleName() << G4endl; |
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339 | } |
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340 | } |
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341 | |
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342 | |
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343 | |
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344 | |
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345 | |
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346 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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347 | void G4hImpactIonisation::BuildLossTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& particleDef) |
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348 | { |
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349 | |
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350 | // Initialisation |
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351 | G4double lowEdgeEnergy , ionloss, ionlossBB, paramB ; |
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352 | G4double lowEnergy, highEnergy; |
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353 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
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354 | |
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355 | if (particleDef == *proton) |
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356 | { |
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357 | lowEnergy = protonLowEnergy ; |
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358 | highEnergy = protonHighEnergy ; |
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359 | charge = 1. ; |
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360 | } |
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361 | else |
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362 | { |
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363 | lowEnergy = antiprotonLowEnergy ; |
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364 | highEnergy = antiprotonHighEnergy ; |
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365 | charge = -1. ; |
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366 | } |
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367 | chargeSquare = 1. ; |
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368 | |
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369 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
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370 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
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371 | size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize(); |
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372 | |
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373 | if ( theLossTable) |
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374 | { |
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375 | theLossTable->clearAndDestroy(); |
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376 | delete theLossTable; |
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377 | } |
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378 | |
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379 | theLossTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples); |
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380 | |
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381 | // loop for materials |
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382 | for (size_t j=0; j<numOfCouples; j++) { |
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383 | |
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384 | // create physics vector and fill it |
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385 | G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowestKineticEnergy, |
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386 | HighestKineticEnergy, |
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387 | TotBin); |
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388 | |
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389 | // get material parameters needed for the energy loss calculation |
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390 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j); |
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391 | const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial(); |
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392 | |
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393 | if ( charge > 0.0 ) { |
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394 | ionloss = ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,highEnergy) ; |
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395 | } else { |
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396 | ionloss = AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,highEnergy) ; |
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397 | } |
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398 | |
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399 | ionlossBB = betheBlochModel->TheValue(&particleDef,material,highEnergy) ; |
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400 | ionlossBB -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,highEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ; |
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401 | |
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402 | |
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403 | paramB = ionloss/ionlossBB - 1.0 ; |
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404 | |
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405 | // now comes the loop for the kinetic energy values |
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406 | for (G4int i = 0 ; i < TotBin ; i++) { |
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407 | lowEdgeEnergy = aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i) ; |
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408 | |
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409 | // low energy part for this material, parametrised energy loss formulae |
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410 | if ( lowEdgeEnergy < highEnergy ) { |
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411 | |
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412 | if ( charge > 0.0 ) { |
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413 | ionloss = ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,lowEdgeEnergy) ; |
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414 | } else { |
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415 | ionloss = AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,lowEdgeEnergy) ; |
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416 | } |
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417 | |
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418 | } else { |
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419 | |
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420 | // high energy part for this material, Bethe-Bloch formula |
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421 | ionloss = betheBlochModel->TheValue(proton,material, |
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422 | lowEdgeEnergy) ; |
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423 | |
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424 | ionloss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,lowEdgeEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ; |
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425 | |
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426 | ionloss *= (1.0 + paramB*highEnergy/lowEdgeEnergy) ; |
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427 | } |
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428 | |
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429 | // now put the loss into the vector |
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430 | if(verboseLevel > 1) { |
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431 | G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << lowEdgeEnergy/MeV |
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432 | << " dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << ionloss*mm/MeV |
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433 | << " in " << material->GetName() << G4endl; |
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434 | } |
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435 | aVector->PutValue(i,ionloss) ; |
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436 | } |
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437 | // Insert vector for this material into the table |
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438 | theLossTable->insert(aVector) ; |
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439 | } |
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440 | } |
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441 | |
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442 | |
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443 | |
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444 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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445 | void G4hImpactIonisation::BuildLambdaTable(const G4ParticleDefinition& particleDef) |
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446 | |
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447 | { |
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448 | // Build mean free path tables for the delta ray production process |
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449 | // tables are built for MATERIALS |
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450 | |
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451 | if(verboseLevel > 1) { |
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452 | G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::BuildLambdaTable for " |
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453 | << particleDef.GetParticleName() << " is started" << G4endl; |
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454 | } |
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455 | |
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456 | |
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457 | G4double lowEdgeEnergy, value; |
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458 | charge = particleDef.GetPDGCharge()/eplus ; |
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459 | chargeSquare = charge*charge ; |
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460 | initialMass = particleDef.GetPDGMass(); |
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461 | |
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462 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
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463 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
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464 | size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize(); |
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465 | |
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466 | |
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467 | if (theMeanFreePathTable) { |
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468 | theMeanFreePathTable->clearAndDestroy(); |
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469 | delete theMeanFreePathTable; |
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470 | } |
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471 | |
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472 | theMeanFreePathTable = new G4PhysicsTable(numOfCouples); |
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473 | |
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474 | // loop for materials |
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475 | |
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476 | for (size_t j=0 ; j < numOfCouples; j++) { |
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477 | |
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478 | //create physics vector then fill it .... |
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479 | G4PhysicsLogVector* aVector = new G4PhysicsLogVector(LowestKineticEnergy, |
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480 | HighestKineticEnergy, |
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481 | TotBin); |
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482 | |
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483 | // compute the (macroscopic) cross section first |
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484 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j); |
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485 | const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial(); |
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486 | |
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487 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector() ; |
---|
488 | const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector = material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector(); |
---|
489 | const G4int numberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements() ; |
---|
490 | |
---|
491 | // get the electron kinetic energy cut for the actual material, |
---|
492 | // it will be used in ComputeMicroscopicCrossSection |
---|
493 | // ( it is the SAME for ALL the ELEMENTS in THIS MATERIAL ) |
---|
494 | // ------------------------------------------------------ |
---|
495 | |
---|
496 | G4double deltaCut = cutForDelta[j]; |
---|
497 | |
---|
498 | for ( G4int i = 0 ; i < TotBin ; i++ ) { |
---|
499 | lowEdgeEnergy = aVector->GetLowEdgeEnergy(i) ; |
---|
500 | G4double sigma = 0.0 ; |
---|
501 | G4int Z; |
---|
502 | |
---|
503 | for (G4int iel=0; iel<numberOfElements; iel++ ) |
---|
504 | { |
---|
505 | Z = (G4int) (*theElementVector)[iel]->GetZ(); |
---|
506 | // ---- MGP --- Corrected duplicated cross section calculation here from |
---|
507 | // G4hLowEnergyIonisation original |
---|
508 | G4double microCross = MicroscopicCrossSection( particleDef, |
---|
509 | lowEdgeEnergy, |
---|
510 | Z, |
---|
511 | deltaCut ) ; |
---|
512 | //totalCrossSectionMap [Z] = microCross; |
---|
513 | sigma += theAtomicNumDensityVector[iel] * microCross ; |
---|
514 | } |
---|
515 | |
---|
516 | // mean free path = 1./macroscopic cross section |
---|
517 | |
---|
518 | value = sigma<=0 ? DBL_MAX : 1./sigma ; |
---|
519 | |
---|
520 | aVector->PutValue(i, value) ; |
---|
521 | } |
---|
522 | |
---|
523 | theMeanFreePathTable->insert(aVector); |
---|
524 | } |
---|
525 | |
---|
526 | } |
---|
527 | |
---|
528 | |
---|
529 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
530 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::MicroscopicCrossSection(const G4ParticleDefinition& particleDef, |
---|
531 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
532 | G4double atomicNumber, |
---|
533 | G4double deltaCutInEnergy) const |
---|
534 | { |
---|
535 | //****************************************************************** |
---|
536 | // cross section formula is OK for spin=0, 1/2, 1 only ! |
---|
537 | // ***************************************************************** |
---|
538 | |
---|
539 | // Calculates the microscopic cross section in GEANT4 internal units |
---|
540 | // Formula documented in Geant4 Phys. Ref. Manual |
---|
541 | // ( it is called for elements, AtomicNumber = z ) |
---|
542 | |
---|
543 | G4double totalCrossSection = 0.; |
---|
544 | |
---|
545 | // Particle mass and energy |
---|
546 | G4double particleMass = initialMass; |
---|
547 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy + particleMass; |
---|
548 | |
---|
549 | // Some kinematics |
---|
550 | G4double gamma = energy / particleMass; |
---|
551 | G4double beta2 = 1. - 1. / (gamma * gamma); |
---|
552 | G4double var = electron_mass_c2 / particleMass; |
---|
553 | G4double tMax = 2. * electron_mass_c2 * (gamma*gamma - 1.) / (1. + 2.* gamma*var + var*var); |
---|
554 | |
---|
555 | // Calculate the total cross section |
---|
556 | |
---|
557 | if ( tMax > deltaCutInEnergy ) |
---|
558 | { |
---|
559 | var = deltaCutInEnergy / tMax; |
---|
560 | totalCrossSection = (1. - var * (1. - beta2 * std::log(var))) / deltaCutInEnergy ; |
---|
561 | |
---|
562 | G4double spin = particleDef.GetPDGSpin() ; |
---|
563 | |
---|
564 | // +term for spin=1/2 particle |
---|
565 | if (spin == 0.5) |
---|
566 | { |
---|
567 | totalCrossSection += 0.5 * (tMax - deltaCutInEnergy) / (energy*energy); |
---|
568 | } |
---|
569 | // +term for spin=1 particle |
---|
570 | else if (spin > 0.9 ) |
---|
571 | { |
---|
572 | totalCrossSection += -std::log(var) / |
---|
573 | (3. * deltaCutInEnergy) + (tMax - deltaCutInEnergy) * ( (5. + 1. /var)*0.25 / (energy*energy) - |
---|
574 | beta2 / (tMax * deltaCutInEnergy) ) / 3. ; |
---|
575 | } |
---|
576 | totalCrossSection *= twopi_mc2_rcl2 * atomicNumber / beta2 ; |
---|
577 | } |
---|
578 | |
---|
579 | //std::cout << "Microscopic = " << totalCrossSection/barn |
---|
580 | // << ", e = " << kineticEnergy/MeV <<std:: endl; |
---|
581 | |
---|
582 | return totalCrossSection ; |
---|
583 | } |
---|
584 | |
---|
585 | |
---|
586 | |
---|
587 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
588 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::GetMeanFreePath(const G4Track& track, |
---|
589 | G4double, // previousStepSize |
---|
590 | enum G4ForceCondition* condition) |
---|
591 | { |
---|
592 | const G4DynamicParticle* dynamicParticle = track.GetDynamicParticle(); |
---|
593 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = track.GetMaterialCutsCouple(); |
---|
594 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
595 | |
---|
596 | G4double meanFreePath = DBL_MAX; |
---|
597 | // ---- MGP ---- What is the meaning of the local variable isOutOfRange? |
---|
598 | G4bool isOutRange = false; |
---|
599 | |
---|
600 | *condition = NotForced ; |
---|
601 | |
---|
602 | G4double kineticEnergy = (dynamicParticle->GetKineticEnergy())*initialMass/(dynamicParticle->GetMass()); |
---|
603 | charge = dynamicParticle->GetCharge()/eplus; |
---|
604 | chargeSquare = theIonEffChargeModel->TheValue(dynamicParticle, material); |
---|
605 | |
---|
606 | if (kineticEnergy < LowestKineticEnergy) |
---|
607 | { |
---|
608 | meanFreePath = DBL_MAX; |
---|
609 | } |
---|
610 | else |
---|
611 | { |
---|
612 | if (kineticEnergy > HighestKineticEnergy) kineticEnergy = HighestKineticEnergy; |
---|
613 | meanFreePath = (((*theMeanFreePathTable)(couple->GetIndex()))-> |
---|
614 | GetValue(kineticEnergy,isOutRange))/chargeSquare; |
---|
615 | } |
---|
616 | |
---|
617 | return meanFreePath ; |
---|
618 | } |
---|
619 | |
---|
620 | |
---|
621 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
622 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::GetConstraints(const G4DynamicParticle* particle, |
---|
623 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple) |
---|
624 | { |
---|
625 | // returns the Step limit |
---|
626 | // dEdx is calculated as well as the range |
---|
627 | // based on Effective Charge Approach |
---|
628 | |
---|
629 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
630 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
---|
631 | G4AntiProton* antiproton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton(); |
---|
632 | |
---|
633 | G4double stepLimit = 0.; |
---|
634 | G4double dx, highEnergy; |
---|
635 | |
---|
636 | G4double massRatio = proton_mass_c2/(particle->GetMass()) ; |
---|
637 | G4double kineticEnergy = particle->GetKineticEnergy() ; |
---|
638 | |
---|
639 | // Scale the kinetic energy |
---|
640 | |
---|
641 | G4double tScaled = kineticEnergy*massRatio ; |
---|
642 | fBarkas = 0.; |
---|
643 | |
---|
644 | if (charge > 0.) |
---|
645 | { |
---|
646 | highEnergy = protonHighEnergy ; |
---|
647 | fRangeNow = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(proton, tScaled, couple); |
---|
648 | dx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(proton, highEnergy, couple); |
---|
649 | fdEdx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(proton, tScaled, couple) |
---|
650 | * chargeSquare ; |
---|
651 | |
---|
652 | // Correction for positive ions |
---|
653 | if (theBarkas && tScaled > highEnergy) |
---|
654 | { |
---|
655 | fBarkas = BarkasTerm(material,tScaled)*std::sqrt(chargeSquare)*chargeSquare |
---|
656 | + BlochTerm(material,tScaled,chargeSquare); |
---|
657 | } |
---|
658 | // Antiprotons and negative hadrons |
---|
659 | } |
---|
660 | else |
---|
661 | { |
---|
662 | highEnergy = antiprotonHighEnergy ; |
---|
663 | fRangeNow = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(antiproton, tScaled, couple); |
---|
664 | dx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetRange(antiproton, highEnergy, couple); |
---|
665 | fdEdx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(antiproton, tScaled, couple) * chargeSquare ; |
---|
666 | |
---|
667 | if (theBarkas && tScaled > highEnergy) |
---|
668 | { |
---|
669 | fBarkas = -BarkasTerm(material,tScaled)*std::sqrt(chargeSquare)*chargeSquare |
---|
670 | + BlochTerm(material,tScaled,chargeSquare); |
---|
671 | } |
---|
672 | } |
---|
673 | /* |
---|
674 | const G4Material* mat = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
675 | G4double fac = gram/(MeV*cm2*mat->GetDensity()); |
---|
676 | G4cout << particle->GetDefinition()->GetParticleName() |
---|
677 | << " in " << mat->GetName() |
---|
678 | << " E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV |
---|
679 | << " dedx(MeV*cm^2/g)= " << fdEdx*fac |
---|
680 | << " barcas(MeV*cm^2/gram)= " << fBarkas*fac |
---|
681 | << " Q^2= " << chargeSquare |
---|
682 | << G4endl; |
---|
683 | */ |
---|
684 | // scaling back |
---|
685 | fRangeNow /= (chargeSquare*massRatio) ; |
---|
686 | dx /= (chargeSquare*massRatio) ; |
---|
687 | |
---|
688 | stepLimit = fRangeNow ; |
---|
689 | G4double r = std::min(finalRange, couple->GetProductionCuts() |
---|
690 | ->GetProductionCut(idxG4ElectronCut)); |
---|
691 | |
---|
692 | if (fRangeNow > r) |
---|
693 | { |
---|
694 | stepLimit = dRoverRange*fRangeNow + r*(1.0 - dRoverRange)*(2.0 - r/fRangeNow); |
---|
695 | if (stepLimit > fRangeNow) stepLimit = fRangeNow; |
---|
696 | } |
---|
697 | // compute the (random) Step limit in standard energy range |
---|
698 | if(tScaled > highEnergy ) |
---|
699 | { |
---|
700 | // add Barkas correction directly to dedx |
---|
701 | fdEdx += fBarkas; |
---|
702 | |
---|
703 | if(stepLimit > fRangeNow - dx*0.9) stepLimit = fRangeNow - dx*0.9 ; |
---|
704 | |
---|
705 | // Step limit in low energy range |
---|
706 | } |
---|
707 | else |
---|
708 | { |
---|
709 | G4double x = dx*paramStepLimit; |
---|
710 | if (stepLimit > x) stepLimit = x; |
---|
711 | } |
---|
712 | return stepLimit; |
---|
713 | } |
---|
714 | |
---|
715 | |
---|
716 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
717 | G4VParticleChange* G4hImpactIonisation::AlongStepDoIt(const G4Track& track, |
---|
718 | const G4Step& step) |
---|
719 | { |
---|
720 | // compute the energy loss after a step |
---|
721 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
---|
722 | G4AntiProton* antiproton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton(); |
---|
723 | G4double finalT = 0.; |
---|
724 | |
---|
725 | aParticleChange.Initialize(track) ; |
---|
726 | |
---|
727 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = track.GetMaterialCutsCouple(); |
---|
728 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
729 | |
---|
730 | // get the actual (true) Step length from step |
---|
731 | const G4double stepLength = step.GetStepLength() ; |
---|
732 | |
---|
733 | const G4DynamicParticle* particle = track.GetDynamicParticle() ; |
---|
734 | |
---|
735 | G4double kineticEnergy = particle->GetKineticEnergy() ; |
---|
736 | G4double massRatio = proton_mass_c2/(particle->GetMass()) ; |
---|
737 | G4double tScaled = kineticEnergy * massRatio ; |
---|
738 | G4double eLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
739 | G4double nLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
740 | |
---|
741 | |
---|
742 | // very small particle energy |
---|
743 | if (kineticEnergy < MinKineticEnergy) |
---|
744 | { |
---|
745 | eLoss = kineticEnergy ; |
---|
746 | // particle energy outside tabulated energy range |
---|
747 | } |
---|
748 | |
---|
749 | else if( kineticEnergy > HighestKineticEnergy) |
---|
750 | { |
---|
751 | eLoss = stepLength * fdEdx ; |
---|
752 | // big step |
---|
753 | } |
---|
754 | else if (stepLength >= fRangeNow ) |
---|
755 | { |
---|
756 | eLoss = kineticEnergy ; |
---|
757 | |
---|
758 | // tabulated range |
---|
759 | } |
---|
760 | else |
---|
761 | { |
---|
762 | // step longer than linear step limit |
---|
763 | if(stepLength > linLossLimit * fRangeNow) |
---|
764 | { |
---|
765 | G4double rScaled = fRangeNow * massRatio * chargeSquare ; |
---|
766 | G4double sScaled = stepLength * massRatio * chargeSquare ; |
---|
767 | |
---|
768 | if(charge > 0.0) |
---|
769 | { |
---|
770 | eLoss = G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(proton,rScaled, couple) - |
---|
771 | G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(proton,rScaled-sScaled,couple) ; |
---|
772 | |
---|
773 | } |
---|
774 | else |
---|
775 | { |
---|
776 | // Antiproton |
---|
777 | eLoss = G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(antiproton,rScaled,couple) - |
---|
778 | G4EnergyLossTables::GetPreciseEnergyFromRange(antiproton,rScaled-sScaled,couple) ; |
---|
779 | } |
---|
780 | eLoss /= massRatio ; |
---|
781 | |
---|
782 | // Barkas correction at big step |
---|
783 | eLoss += fBarkas * stepLength; |
---|
784 | |
---|
785 | // step shorter than linear step limit |
---|
786 | } |
---|
787 | else |
---|
788 | { |
---|
789 | eLoss = stepLength *fdEdx ; |
---|
790 | } |
---|
791 | if (nStopping && tScaled < protonHighEnergy) |
---|
792 | { |
---|
793 | nLoss = (theNuclearStoppingModel->TheValue(particle, material)) * stepLength; |
---|
794 | } |
---|
795 | } |
---|
796 | |
---|
797 | if (eLoss < 0.0) eLoss = 0.0; |
---|
798 | |
---|
799 | finalT = kineticEnergy - eLoss - nLoss; |
---|
800 | |
---|
801 | if ( EnlossFlucFlag && 0.0 < eLoss && finalT > MinKineticEnergy) |
---|
802 | { |
---|
803 | |
---|
804 | // now the electron loss with fluctuation |
---|
805 | eLoss = ElectronicLossFluctuation(particle, couple, eLoss, stepLength) ; |
---|
806 | if (eLoss < 0.0) eLoss = 0.0; |
---|
807 | finalT = kineticEnergy - eLoss - nLoss; |
---|
808 | } |
---|
809 | |
---|
810 | // stop particle if the kinetic energy <= MinKineticEnergy |
---|
811 | if (finalT*massRatio <= MinKineticEnergy ) |
---|
812 | { |
---|
813 | |
---|
814 | finalT = 0.0; |
---|
815 | if (!particle->GetDefinition()->GetProcessManager()->GetAtRestProcessVector()->size()) |
---|
816 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill); |
---|
817 | else |
---|
818 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive); |
---|
819 | } |
---|
820 | |
---|
821 | aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy( finalT ); |
---|
822 | eLoss = kineticEnergy-finalT; |
---|
823 | |
---|
824 | aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(eLoss); |
---|
825 | return &aParticleChange ; |
---|
826 | } |
---|
827 | |
---|
828 | |
---|
829 | |
---|
830 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
831 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::ProtonParametrisedDEDX(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
832 | G4double kineticEnergy) const |
---|
833 | { |
---|
834 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
835 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
---|
836 | G4double eLoss = 0.; |
---|
837 | |
---|
838 | // Free Electron Gas Model |
---|
839 | if(kineticEnergy < protonLowEnergy) { |
---|
840 | eLoss = (protonModel->TheValue(proton, material, protonLowEnergy)) |
---|
841 | * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/protonLowEnergy) ; |
---|
842 | |
---|
843 | // Parametrisation |
---|
844 | } else { |
---|
845 | eLoss = protonModel->TheValue(proton, material, kineticEnergy) ; |
---|
846 | } |
---|
847 | |
---|
848 | // Delta rays energy |
---|
849 | eLoss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,kineticEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ; |
---|
850 | |
---|
851 | if(verboseLevel > 2) { |
---|
852 | G4cout << "p E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV |
---|
853 | << " dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << eLoss*mm/MeV |
---|
854 | << " for " << material->GetName() |
---|
855 | << " model: " << protonModel << G4endl; |
---|
856 | } |
---|
857 | |
---|
858 | if(eLoss < 0.0) eLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
859 | |
---|
860 | return eLoss ; |
---|
861 | } |
---|
862 | |
---|
863 | |
---|
864 | |
---|
865 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
866 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
867 | G4double kineticEnergy) const |
---|
868 | { |
---|
869 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
870 | G4AntiProton* antiproton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton(); |
---|
871 | G4double eLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
872 | |
---|
873 | // Antiproton model is used |
---|
874 | if(antiprotonModel->IsInCharge(antiproton,material)) { |
---|
875 | if(kineticEnergy < antiprotonLowEnergy) { |
---|
876 | eLoss = antiprotonModel->TheValue(antiproton,material,antiprotonLowEnergy) |
---|
877 | * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/antiprotonLowEnergy) ; |
---|
878 | |
---|
879 | // Parametrisation |
---|
880 | } else { |
---|
881 | eLoss = antiprotonModel->TheValue(antiproton,material, |
---|
882 | kineticEnergy); |
---|
883 | } |
---|
884 | |
---|
885 | // The proton model is used + Barkas correction |
---|
886 | } else { |
---|
887 | if(kineticEnergy < protonLowEnergy) { |
---|
888 | eLoss = protonModel->TheValue(G4Proton::Proton(),material,protonLowEnergy) |
---|
889 | * std::sqrt(kineticEnergy/protonLowEnergy) ; |
---|
890 | |
---|
891 | // Parametrisation |
---|
892 | } else { |
---|
893 | eLoss = protonModel->TheValue(G4Proton::Proton(),material, |
---|
894 | kineticEnergy); |
---|
895 | } |
---|
896 | //if(theBarkas) eLoss -= 2.0*BarkasTerm(material, kineticEnergy); |
---|
897 | } |
---|
898 | |
---|
899 | // Delta rays energy |
---|
900 | eLoss -= DeltaRaysEnergy(couple,kineticEnergy,proton_mass_c2) ; |
---|
901 | |
---|
902 | if(verboseLevel > 2) { |
---|
903 | G4cout << "pbar E(MeV)= " << kineticEnergy/MeV |
---|
904 | << " dE/dx(MeV/mm)= " << eLoss*mm/MeV |
---|
905 | << " for " << material->GetName() |
---|
906 | << " model: " << protonModel << G4endl; |
---|
907 | } |
---|
908 | |
---|
909 | if(eLoss < 0.0) eLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
910 | |
---|
911 | return eLoss ; |
---|
912 | } |
---|
913 | |
---|
914 | |
---|
915 | // -------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
916 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::DeltaRaysEnergy(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
917 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
918 | G4double particleMass) const |
---|
919 | { |
---|
920 | G4double dLoss = 0.; |
---|
921 | |
---|
922 | G4double deltaCutNow = cutForDelta[(couple->GetIndex())] ; |
---|
923 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
924 | G4double electronDensity = material->GetElectronDensity(); |
---|
925 | G4double excitationEnergy = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy(); |
---|
926 | |
---|
927 | G4double tau = kineticEnergy / particleMass ; |
---|
928 | G4double rateMass = electron_mass_c2/particleMass ; |
---|
929 | |
---|
930 | // some local variables |
---|
931 | |
---|
932 | G4double gamma = tau + 1.0 ; |
---|
933 | G4double bg2 = tau*(tau+2.0) ; |
---|
934 | G4double beta2 = bg2/(gamma*gamma) ; |
---|
935 | G4double tMax = 2.*electron_mass_c2*bg2/(1.0+2.0*gamma*rateMass+rateMass*rateMass) ; |
---|
936 | |
---|
937 | // Validity range for delta electron cross section |
---|
938 | G4double deltaCut = std::max(deltaCutNow, excitationEnergy); |
---|
939 | |
---|
940 | if ( deltaCut < tMax) |
---|
941 | { |
---|
942 | G4double x = deltaCut / tMax ; |
---|
943 | dLoss = ( beta2 * (x-1.) - std::log(x) ) * twopi_mc2_rcl2 * electronDensity / beta2 ; |
---|
944 | } |
---|
945 | return dLoss ; |
---|
946 | } |
---|
947 | |
---|
948 | |
---|
949 | // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
950 | |
---|
951 | G4VParticleChange* G4hImpactIonisation::PostStepDoIt(const G4Track& track, |
---|
952 | const G4Step& step) |
---|
953 | { |
---|
954 | // Units are expressed in GEANT4 internal units. |
---|
955 | |
---|
956 | // std::cout << "----- Calling PostStepDoIt ----- " << std::endl; |
---|
957 | |
---|
958 | aParticleChange.Initialize(track) ; |
---|
959 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = track.GetMaterialCutsCouple(); |
---|
960 | const G4DynamicParticle* aParticle = track.GetDynamicParticle() ; |
---|
961 | |
---|
962 | // Some kinematics |
---|
963 | |
---|
964 | G4ParticleDefinition* definition = track.GetDefinition(); |
---|
965 | G4double mass = definition->GetPDGMass(); |
---|
966 | G4double kineticEnergy = aParticle->GetKineticEnergy(); |
---|
967 | G4double totalEnergy = kineticEnergy + mass ; |
---|
968 | G4double pSquare = kineticEnergy *( totalEnergy + mass) ; |
---|
969 | G4double eSquare = totalEnergy * totalEnergy; |
---|
970 | G4double betaSquare = pSquare / eSquare; |
---|
971 | G4ThreeVector particleDirection = aParticle->GetMomentumDirection() ; |
---|
972 | |
---|
973 | G4double gamma = kineticEnergy / mass + 1.; |
---|
974 | G4double r = electron_mass_c2 / mass; |
---|
975 | G4double tMax = 2. * electron_mass_c2 *(gamma*gamma - 1.) / (1. + 2.*gamma*r + r*r); |
---|
976 | |
---|
977 | // Validity range for delta electron cross section |
---|
978 | G4double deltaCut = cutForDelta[couple->GetIndex()]; |
---|
979 | |
---|
980 | // This should not be a case |
---|
981 | if (deltaCut >= tMax) |
---|
982 | return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(track,step); |
---|
983 | |
---|
984 | G4double xc = deltaCut / tMax; |
---|
985 | G4double rate = tMax / totalEnergy; |
---|
986 | rate = rate*rate ; |
---|
987 | G4double spin = aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetPDGSpin() ; |
---|
988 | |
---|
989 | // Sampling follows ... |
---|
990 | G4double x = 0.; |
---|
991 | G4double gRej = 0.; |
---|
992 | |
---|
993 | do { |
---|
994 | x = xc / (1. - (1. - xc) * G4UniformRand()); |
---|
995 | |
---|
996 | if (0.0 == spin) |
---|
997 | { |
---|
998 | gRej = 1.0 - betaSquare * x ; |
---|
999 | } |
---|
1000 | else if (0.5 == spin) |
---|
1001 | { |
---|
1002 | gRej = (1. - betaSquare * x + 0.5 * x*x * rate) / (1. + 0.5 * rate) ; |
---|
1003 | } |
---|
1004 | else |
---|
1005 | { |
---|
1006 | gRej = (1. - betaSquare * x ) * (1. + x/(3.*xc)) + |
---|
1007 | x*x * rate * (1. + 0.5*x/xc) / 3.0 / |
---|
1008 | (1. + 1./(3.*xc) + rate *(1.+ 0.5/xc) / 3.); |
---|
1009 | } |
---|
1010 | |
---|
1011 | } while( G4UniformRand() > gRej ); |
---|
1012 | |
---|
1013 | G4double deltaKineticEnergy = x * tMax; |
---|
1014 | G4double deltaTotalMomentum = std::sqrt(deltaKineticEnergy * |
---|
1015 | (deltaKineticEnergy + 2. * electron_mass_c2 )); |
---|
1016 | G4double totalMomentum = std::sqrt(pSquare) ; |
---|
1017 | G4double cosTheta = deltaKineticEnergy * (totalEnergy + electron_mass_c2) / (deltaTotalMomentum*totalMomentum); |
---|
1018 | |
---|
1019 | // protection against cosTheta > 1 or < -1 |
---|
1020 | if ( cosTheta < -1. ) cosTheta = -1.; |
---|
1021 | if ( cosTheta > 1. ) cosTheta = 1.; |
---|
1022 | |
---|
1023 | // direction of the delta electron |
---|
1024 | G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand(); |
---|
1025 | G4double sinTheta = std::sqrt(1. - cosTheta*cosTheta); |
---|
1026 | G4double dirX = sinTheta * std::cos(phi); |
---|
1027 | G4double dirY = sinTheta * std::sin(phi); |
---|
1028 | G4double dirZ = cosTheta; |
---|
1029 | |
---|
1030 | G4ThreeVector deltaDirection(dirX,dirY,dirZ); |
---|
1031 | deltaDirection.rotateUz(particleDirection); |
---|
1032 | |
---|
1033 | // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray |
---|
1034 | G4DynamicParticle* deltaRay = new G4DynamicParticle; |
---|
1035 | deltaRay->SetKineticEnergy( deltaKineticEnergy ); |
---|
1036 | deltaRay->SetMomentumDirection(deltaDirection.x(), |
---|
1037 | deltaDirection.y(), |
---|
1038 | deltaDirection.z()); |
---|
1039 | deltaRay->SetDefinition(G4Electron::Electron()); |
---|
1040 | |
---|
1041 | // fill aParticleChange |
---|
1042 | G4double finalKineticEnergy = kineticEnergy - deltaKineticEnergy; |
---|
1043 | size_t totalNumber = 1; |
---|
1044 | |
---|
1045 | // Atomic relaxation |
---|
1046 | |
---|
1047 | // ---- MGP ---- Temporary limitation: currently PIXE only for incident protons |
---|
1048 | |
---|
1049 | size_t nSecondaries = 0; |
---|
1050 | std::vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* secondaryVector = 0; |
---|
1051 | |
---|
1052 | if (definition == G4Proton::ProtonDefinition()) |
---|
1053 | { |
---|
1054 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1055 | |
---|
1056 | // Lazy initialization of pixeCrossSectionHandler |
---|
1057 | if (pixeCrossSectionHandler == 0) |
---|
1058 | { |
---|
1059 | // Instantiate pixeCrossSectionHandler with selected shell cross section models |
---|
1060 | // Ownership of interpolation is transferred to pixeCrossSectionHandler |
---|
1061 | G4IInterpolator* interpolation = new G4LogLogInterpolator(); |
---|
1062 | pixeCrossSectionHandler = |
---|
1063 | new G4PixeCrossSectionHandler(interpolation,modelK,modelL,modelM,eMinPixe,eMaxPixe); |
---|
1064 | G4String fileName("proton"); |
---|
1065 | pixeCrossSectionHandler->LoadShellData(fileName); |
---|
1066 | // pixeCrossSectionHandler->PrintData(); |
---|
1067 | } |
---|
1068 | |
---|
1069 | // Select an atom in the current material based on the total shell cross sections |
---|
1070 | G4int Z = pixeCrossSectionHandler->SelectRandomAtom(material,kineticEnergy); |
---|
1071 | // std::cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::PostStepDoIt - Z = " << Z << std::endl; |
---|
1072 | |
---|
1073 | // G4double microscopicCross = MicroscopicCrossSection(*definition, |
---|
1074 | // kineticEnergy, |
---|
1075 | // Z, deltaCut); |
---|
1076 | // G4double crossFromShells = pixeCrossSectionHandler->FindValue(Z,kineticEnergy); |
---|
1077 | |
---|
1078 | //std::cout << "G4hImpactIonisation: Z= " |
---|
1079 | // << Z |
---|
1080 | // << ", energy = " |
---|
1081 | // << kineticEnergy/MeV |
---|
1082 | // <<" MeV, microscopic = " |
---|
1083 | // << microscopicCross/barn |
---|
1084 | // << " barn, from shells = " |
---|
1085 | // << crossFromShells/barn |
---|
1086 | // << " barn" |
---|
1087 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1088 | |
---|
1089 | // Select a shell in the target atom based on the individual shell cross sections |
---|
1090 | G4int shellIndex = pixeCrossSectionHandler->SelectRandomShell(Z,kineticEnergy); |
---|
1091 | |
---|
1092 | G4AtomicTransitionManager* transitionManager = G4AtomicTransitionManager::Instance(); |
---|
1093 | const G4AtomicShell* atomicShell = transitionManager->Shell(Z,shellIndex); |
---|
1094 | G4double bindingEnergy = atomicShell->BindingEnergy(); |
---|
1095 | |
---|
1096 | // if (verboseLevel > 1) |
---|
1097 | // { |
---|
1098 | // G4cout << "G4hImpactIonisation::PostStepDoIt - Z = " |
---|
1099 | // << Z |
---|
1100 | // << ", shell = " |
---|
1101 | // << shellIndex |
---|
1102 | // << ", bindingE (keV) = " |
---|
1103 | // << bindingEnergy/keV |
---|
1104 | // << G4endl; |
---|
1105 | // } |
---|
1106 | |
---|
1107 | // Generate PIXE if binding energy larger than cut for photons or electrons |
---|
1108 | |
---|
1109 | G4ParticleDefinition* type = 0; |
---|
1110 | |
---|
1111 | if (finalKineticEnergy >= bindingEnergy) |
---|
1112 | // && (bindingEnergy >= minGammaEnergy || bindingEnergy >= minElectronEnergy) ) |
---|
1113 | { |
---|
1114 | // Vacancy in subshell shellIndex; shellId is the subshell identifier in EADL jargon |
---|
1115 | G4int shellId = atomicShell->ShellId(); |
---|
1116 | // Atomic relaxation: generate secondaries |
---|
1117 | secondaryVector = atomicDeexcitation.GenerateParticles(Z, shellId); |
---|
1118 | |
---|
1119 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1120 | //std::cout << "ShellId = " |
---|
1121 | // <<shellId << " ---- Atomic relaxation secondaries: ---- " |
---|
1122 | // << secondaryVector->size() |
---|
1123 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1124 | |
---|
1125 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1126 | |
---|
1127 | if (secondaryVector != 0) |
---|
1128 | { |
---|
1129 | nSecondaries = secondaryVector->size(); |
---|
1130 | for (size_t i = 0; i<nSecondaries; i++) |
---|
1131 | { |
---|
1132 | G4DynamicParticle* aSecondary = (*secondaryVector)[i]; |
---|
1133 | if (aSecondary) |
---|
1134 | { |
---|
1135 | G4double e = aSecondary->GetKineticEnergy(); |
---|
1136 | type = aSecondary->GetDefinition(); |
---|
1137 | |
---|
1138 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1139 | //if (type == G4Gamma::GammaDefinition()) |
---|
1140 | // { |
---|
1141 | // std::cout << "Z = " << Z |
---|
1142 | // << ", shell: " << shellId |
---|
1143 | // << ", PIXE photon energy (keV) = " << e/keV |
---|
1144 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1145 | // } |
---|
1146 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1147 | |
---|
1148 | if (e < finalKineticEnergy && |
---|
1149 | ((type == G4Gamma::Gamma() && e > minGammaEnergy ) || |
---|
1150 | (type == G4Electron::Electron() && e > minElectronEnergy ))) |
---|
1151 | { |
---|
1152 | // Subtract the energy of the emitted secondary from the primary |
---|
1153 | finalKineticEnergy -= e; |
---|
1154 | totalNumber++; |
---|
1155 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1156 | //if (type == G4Gamma::GammaDefinition()) |
---|
1157 | // { |
---|
1158 | // std::cout << "Z = " << Z |
---|
1159 | // << ", shell: " << shellId |
---|
1160 | // << ", PIXE photon energy (keV) = " << e/keV |
---|
1161 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1162 | // } |
---|
1163 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1164 | } |
---|
1165 | else |
---|
1166 | { |
---|
1167 | // The atomic relaxation product has energy below the cut |
---|
1168 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1169 | // if (type == G4Gamma::GammaDefinition()) |
---|
1170 | // { |
---|
1171 | // std::cout << "Z = " << Z |
---|
1172 | // |
---|
1173 | // << ", PIXE photon energy = " << e/keV |
---|
1174 | // << " keV below threshold " << minGammaEnergy/keV << " keV" |
---|
1175 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1176 | // } |
---|
1177 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1178 | |
---|
1179 | delete aSecondary; |
---|
1180 | (*secondaryVector)[i] = 0; |
---|
1181 | } |
---|
1182 | } |
---|
1183 | } |
---|
1184 | } |
---|
1185 | } |
---|
1186 | } |
---|
1187 | |
---|
1188 | |
---|
1189 | // Save delta-electrons |
---|
1190 | |
---|
1191 | G4double eDeposit = 0.; |
---|
1192 | |
---|
1193 | if (finalKineticEnergy > MinKineticEnergy) |
---|
1194 | { |
---|
1195 | G4double finalPx = totalMomentum*particleDirection.x() - deltaTotalMomentum*deltaDirection.x(); |
---|
1196 | G4double finalPy = totalMomentum*particleDirection.y() - deltaTotalMomentum*deltaDirection.y(); |
---|
1197 | G4double finalPz = totalMomentum*particleDirection.z() - deltaTotalMomentum*deltaDirection.z(); |
---|
1198 | G4double finalMomentum = std::sqrt(finalPx*finalPx + finalPy*finalPy + finalPz*finalPz) ; |
---|
1199 | finalPx /= finalMomentum; |
---|
1200 | finalPy /= finalMomentum; |
---|
1201 | finalPz /= finalMomentum; |
---|
1202 | |
---|
1203 | aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection( finalPx,finalPy,finalPz ); |
---|
1204 | } |
---|
1205 | else |
---|
1206 | { |
---|
1207 | eDeposit = finalKineticEnergy; |
---|
1208 | finalKineticEnergy = 0.; |
---|
1209 | aParticleChange.ProposeMomentumDirection(particleDirection.x(), |
---|
1210 | particleDirection.y(), |
---|
1211 | particleDirection.z()); |
---|
1212 | if(!aParticle->GetDefinition()->GetProcessManager()-> |
---|
1213 | GetAtRestProcessVector()->size()) |
---|
1214 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill); |
---|
1215 | else |
---|
1216 | aParticleChange.ProposeTrackStatus(fStopButAlive); |
---|
1217 | } |
---|
1218 | |
---|
1219 | aParticleChange.ProposeEnergy(finalKineticEnergy); |
---|
1220 | aParticleChange.ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit (eDeposit); |
---|
1221 | aParticleChange.SetNumberOfSecondaries(totalNumber); |
---|
1222 | aParticleChange.AddSecondary(deltaRay); |
---|
1223 | |
---|
1224 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1225 | // std::cout << "RDHadronIonisation - finalKineticEnergy (MeV) = " |
---|
1226 | // << finalKineticEnergy/MeV |
---|
1227 | // << ", delta KineticEnergy (keV) = " |
---|
1228 | // << deltaKineticEnergy/keV |
---|
1229 | // << ", energy deposit (MeV) = " |
---|
1230 | // << eDeposit/MeV |
---|
1231 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1232 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1233 | |
---|
1234 | // Save Fluorescence and Auger |
---|
1235 | |
---|
1236 | if (secondaryVector != 0) |
---|
1237 | { |
---|
1238 | for (size_t l = 0; l < nSecondaries; l++) |
---|
1239 | { |
---|
1240 | G4DynamicParticle* secondary = (*secondaryVector)[l]; |
---|
1241 | if (secondary) aParticleChange.AddSecondary(secondary); |
---|
1242 | |
---|
1243 | // ---- Debug ---- |
---|
1244 | //if (secondary != 0) |
---|
1245 | // { |
---|
1246 | // if (secondary->GetDefinition() == G4Gamma::GammaDefinition()) |
---|
1247 | // { |
---|
1248 | // G4double eX = secondary->GetKineticEnergy(); |
---|
1249 | // std::cout << " PIXE photon of energy " << eX/keV |
---|
1250 | // << " keV added to ParticleChange; total number of secondaries is " << totalNumber |
---|
1251 | // << std::endl; |
---|
1252 | // } |
---|
1253 | //} |
---|
1254 | // ---- End debug --- |
---|
1255 | |
---|
1256 | } |
---|
1257 | delete secondaryVector; |
---|
1258 | } |
---|
1259 | |
---|
1260 | return G4VContinuousDiscreteProcess::PostStepDoIt(track,step); |
---|
1261 | } |
---|
1262 | |
---|
1263 | // ------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
---|
1264 | |
---|
1265 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::ComputeDEDX(const G4ParticleDefinition* aParticle, |
---|
1266 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
1267 | G4double kineticEnergy) |
---|
1268 | { |
---|
1269 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1270 | G4Proton* proton = G4Proton::Proton(); |
---|
1271 | G4AntiProton* antiproton = G4AntiProton::AntiProton(); |
---|
1272 | G4double dedx = 0.; |
---|
1273 | |
---|
1274 | G4double tScaled = kineticEnergy * proton_mass_c2 / (aParticle->GetPDGMass()) ; |
---|
1275 | charge = aParticle->GetPDGCharge() ; |
---|
1276 | |
---|
1277 | if( charge > 0.) |
---|
1278 | { |
---|
1279 | if (tScaled > protonHighEnergy) |
---|
1280 | { |
---|
1281 | dedx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(proton,tScaled,couple) ; |
---|
1282 | } |
---|
1283 | else |
---|
1284 | { |
---|
1285 | dedx = ProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,tScaled) ; |
---|
1286 | } |
---|
1287 | } |
---|
1288 | else |
---|
1289 | { |
---|
1290 | if (tScaled > antiprotonHighEnergy) |
---|
1291 | { |
---|
1292 | dedx = G4EnergyLossTables::GetDEDX(antiproton,tScaled,couple); |
---|
1293 | } |
---|
1294 | else |
---|
1295 | { |
---|
1296 | dedx = AntiProtonParametrisedDEDX(couple,tScaled) ; |
---|
1297 | } |
---|
1298 | } |
---|
1299 | dedx *= theIonEffChargeModel->TheValue(aParticle, material, kineticEnergy) ; |
---|
1300 | |
---|
1301 | return dedx ; |
---|
1302 | } |
---|
1303 | |
---|
1304 | |
---|
1305 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::BarkasTerm(const G4Material* material, |
---|
1306 | G4double kineticEnergy) const |
---|
1307 | //Function to compute the Barkas term for protons: |
---|
1308 | // |
---|
1309 | //Ref. Z_1^3 effect in the stopping power of matter for charged particles |
---|
1310 | // J.C Ashley and R.H.Ritchie |
---|
1311 | // Physical review B Vol.5 No.7 1 April 1972 pagg. 2393-2397 |
---|
1312 | // |
---|
1313 | { |
---|
1314 | static double FTable[47][2] = { |
---|
1315 | { 0.02, 21.5}, |
---|
1316 | { 0.03, 20.0}, |
---|
1317 | { 0.04, 18.0}, |
---|
1318 | { 0.05, 15.6}, |
---|
1319 | { 0.06, 15.0}, |
---|
1320 | { 0.07, 14.0}, |
---|
1321 | { 0.08, 13.5}, |
---|
1322 | { 0.09, 13.}, |
---|
1323 | { 0.1, 12.2}, |
---|
1324 | { 0.2, 9.25}, |
---|
1325 | { 0.3, 7.0}, |
---|
1326 | { 0.4, 6.0}, |
---|
1327 | { 0.5, 4.5}, |
---|
1328 | { 0.6, 3.5}, |
---|
1329 | { 0.7, 3.0}, |
---|
1330 | { 0.8, 2.5}, |
---|
1331 | { 0.9, 2.0}, |
---|
1332 | { 1.0, 1.7}, |
---|
1333 | { 1.2, 1.2}, |
---|
1334 | { 1.3, 1.0}, |
---|
1335 | { 1.4, 0.86}, |
---|
1336 | { 1.5, 0.7}, |
---|
1337 | { 1.6, 0.61}, |
---|
1338 | { 1.7, 0.52}, |
---|
1339 | { 1.8, 0.5}, |
---|
1340 | { 1.9, 0.43}, |
---|
1341 | { 2.0, 0.42}, |
---|
1342 | { 2.1, 0.3}, |
---|
1343 | { 2.4, 0.2}, |
---|
1344 | { 3.0, 0.13}, |
---|
1345 | { 3.08, 0.1}, |
---|
1346 | { 3.1, 0.09}, |
---|
1347 | { 3.3, 0.08}, |
---|
1348 | { 3.5, 0.07}, |
---|
1349 | { 3.8, 0.06}, |
---|
1350 | { 4.0, 0.051}, |
---|
1351 | { 4.1, 0.04}, |
---|
1352 | { 4.8, 0.03}, |
---|
1353 | { 5.0, 0.024}, |
---|
1354 | { 5.1, 0.02}, |
---|
1355 | { 6.0, 0.013}, |
---|
1356 | { 6.5, 0.01}, |
---|
1357 | { 7.0, 0.009}, |
---|
1358 | { 7.1, 0.008}, |
---|
1359 | { 8.0, 0.006}, |
---|
1360 | { 9.0, 0.0032}, |
---|
1361 | { 10.0, 0.0025} }; |
---|
1362 | |
---|
1363 | // Information on particle and material |
---|
1364 | G4double kinE = kineticEnergy ; |
---|
1365 | if(0.5*MeV > kinE) kinE = 0.5*MeV ; |
---|
1366 | G4double gamma = 1.0 + kinE / proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
1367 | G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma) ; |
---|
1368 | if(0.0 >= beta2) return 0.0; |
---|
1369 | |
---|
1370 | G4double BarkasTerm = 0.0; |
---|
1371 | G4double AMaterial = 0.0; |
---|
1372 | G4double ZMaterial = 0.0; |
---|
1373 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = material->GetElementVector(); |
---|
1374 | G4int numberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
---|
1375 | |
---|
1376 | for (G4int i = 0; i<numberOfElements; i++) { |
---|
1377 | |
---|
1378 | AMaterial = (*theElementVector)[i]->GetA()*mole/g; |
---|
1379 | ZMaterial = (*theElementVector)[i]->GetZ(); |
---|
1380 | |
---|
1381 | G4double X = 137.0 * 137.0 * beta2 / ZMaterial; |
---|
1382 | |
---|
1383 | // Variables to compute L_1 |
---|
1384 | G4double Eta0Chi = 0.8; |
---|
1385 | G4double EtaChi = Eta0Chi * ( 1.0 + 6.02*std::pow( ZMaterial,-1.19 ) ); |
---|
1386 | G4double W = ( EtaChi * std::pow( ZMaterial,1.0/6.0 ) ) / std::sqrt(X); |
---|
1387 | G4double FunctionOfW = FTable[46][1]*FTable[46][0]/W ; |
---|
1388 | |
---|
1389 | for(G4int j=0; j<47; j++) { |
---|
1390 | |
---|
1391 | if( W < FTable[j][0] ) { |
---|
1392 | |
---|
1393 | if(0 == j) { |
---|
1394 | FunctionOfW = FTable[0][1] ; |
---|
1395 | |
---|
1396 | } else { |
---|
1397 | FunctionOfW = (FTable[j][1] - FTable[j-1][1]) * (W - FTable[j-1][0]) |
---|
1398 | / (FTable[j][0] - FTable[j-1][0]) |
---|
1399 | + FTable[j-1][1] ; |
---|
1400 | } |
---|
1401 | |
---|
1402 | break; |
---|
1403 | } |
---|
1404 | |
---|
1405 | } |
---|
1406 | |
---|
1407 | BarkasTerm += FunctionOfW /( std::sqrt(ZMaterial * X) * X); |
---|
1408 | } |
---|
1409 | |
---|
1410 | BarkasTerm *= twopi_mc2_rcl2 * (material->GetElectronDensity()) / beta2 ; |
---|
1411 | |
---|
1412 | return BarkasTerm; |
---|
1413 | } |
---|
1414 | |
---|
1415 | |
---|
1416 | |
---|
1417 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::BlochTerm(const G4Material* material, |
---|
1418 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
1419 | G4double cSquare) const |
---|
1420 | //Function to compute the Bloch term for protons: |
---|
1421 | // |
---|
1422 | //Ref. Z_1^3 effect in the stopping power of matter for charged particles |
---|
1423 | // J.C Ashley and R.H.Ritchie |
---|
1424 | // Physical review B Vol.5 No.7 1 April 1972 pagg. 2393-2397 |
---|
1425 | // |
---|
1426 | { |
---|
1427 | G4double eLoss = 0.0 ; |
---|
1428 | G4double gamma = 1.0 + kineticEnergy / proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
1429 | G4double beta2 = 1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma) ; |
---|
1430 | G4double y = cSquare / (137.0*137.0*beta2) ; |
---|
1431 | |
---|
1432 | if(y < 0.05) { |
---|
1433 | eLoss = 1.202 ; |
---|
1434 | |
---|
1435 | } else { |
---|
1436 | eLoss = 1.0 / (1.0 + y) ; |
---|
1437 | G4double de = eLoss ; |
---|
1438 | |
---|
1439 | for(G4int i=2; de>eLoss*0.01; i++) { |
---|
1440 | de = 1.0/( i * (i*i + y)) ; |
---|
1441 | eLoss += de ; |
---|
1442 | } |
---|
1443 | } |
---|
1444 | eLoss *= -1.0 * y * cSquare * twopi_mc2_rcl2 * |
---|
1445 | (material->GetElectronDensity()) / beta2 ; |
---|
1446 | |
---|
1447 | return eLoss; |
---|
1448 | } |
---|
1449 | |
---|
1450 | |
---|
1451 | |
---|
1452 | G4double G4hImpactIonisation::ElectronicLossFluctuation( |
---|
1453 | const G4DynamicParticle* particle, |
---|
1454 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
---|
1455 | G4double meanLoss, |
---|
1456 | G4double step) const |
---|
1457 | // calculate actual loss from the mean loss |
---|
1458 | // The model used to get the fluctuation is essentially the same |
---|
1459 | // as in Glandz in Geant3. |
---|
1460 | { |
---|
1461 | // data members to speed up the fluctuation calculation |
---|
1462 | // G4int imat ; |
---|
1463 | // G4double f1Fluct,f2Fluct,e1Fluct,e2Fluct,rateFluct,ipotFluct; |
---|
1464 | // G4double e1LogFluct,e2LogFluct,ipotLogFluct; |
---|
1465 | |
---|
1466 | static const G4double minLoss = 1.*eV ; |
---|
1467 | static const G4double kappa = 10. ; |
---|
1468 | static const G4double theBohrBeta2 = 50.0 * keV/proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
1469 | |
---|
1470 | const G4Material* material = couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1471 | G4int imaterial = couple->GetIndex() ; |
---|
1472 | G4double ipotFluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy() ; |
---|
1473 | G4double electronDensity = material->GetElectronDensity() ; |
---|
1474 | G4double zeff = electronDensity/(material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()) ; |
---|
1475 | |
---|
1476 | // get particle data |
---|
1477 | G4double tkin = particle->GetKineticEnergy(); |
---|
1478 | G4double particleMass = particle->GetMass() ; |
---|
1479 | G4double deltaCutInKineticEnergyNow = cutForDelta[imaterial]; |
---|
1480 | |
---|
1481 | // shortcut for very very small loss |
---|
1482 | if(meanLoss < minLoss) return meanLoss ; |
---|
1483 | |
---|
1484 | // Validity range for delta electron cross section |
---|
1485 | G4double threshold = std::max(deltaCutInKineticEnergyNow,ipotFluct); |
---|
1486 | G4double loss, siga; |
---|
1487 | |
---|
1488 | G4double rmass = electron_mass_c2/particleMass; |
---|
1489 | G4double tau = tkin/particleMass; |
---|
1490 | G4double tau1 = tau+1.0; |
---|
1491 | G4double tau2 = tau*(tau+2.); |
---|
1492 | G4double tMax = 2.*electron_mass_c2*tau2/(1.+2.*tau1*rmass+rmass*rmass); |
---|
1493 | |
---|
1494 | |
---|
1495 | if(tMax > threshold) tMax = threshold; |
---|
1496 | G4double beta2 = tau2/(tau1*tau1); |
---|
1497 | |
---|
1498 | // Gaussian fluctuation |
---|
1499 | if(meanLoss > kappa*tMax || tMax < kappa*ipotFluct ) |
---|
1500 | { |
---|
1501 | siga = tMax * (1.0-0.5*beta2) * step * twopi_mc2_rcl2 |
---|
1502 | * electronDensity / beta2 ; |
---|
1503 | |
---|
1504 | // High velocity or negatively charged particle |
---|
1505 | if( beta2 > 3.0*theBohrBeta2*zeff || charge < 0.0) { |
---|
1506 | siga = std::sqrt( siga * chargeSquare ) ; |
---|
1507 | |
---|
1508 | // Low velocity - additional ion charge fluctuations according to |
---|
1509 | // Q.Yang et al., NIM B61(1991)149-155. |
---|
1510 | } else { |
---|
1511 | G4double chu = theIonChuFluctuationModel->TheValue(particle, material); |
---|
1512 | G4double yang = theIonYangFluctuationModel->TheValue(particle, material); |
---|
1513 | siga = std::sqrt( siga * (chargeSquare * chu + yang)) ; |
---|
1514 | } |
---|
1515 | |
---|
1516 | do { |
---|
1517 | loss = G4RandGauss::shoot(meanLoss,siga); |
---|
1518 | } while (loss < 0. || loss > 2.0*meanLoss); |
---|
1519 | return loss; |
---|
1520 | } |
---|
1521 | |
---|
1522 | // Non Gaussian fluctuation |
---|
1523 | static const G4double probLim = 0.01 ; |
---|
1524 | static const G4double sumaLim = -std::log(probLim) ; |
---|
1525 | static const G4double alim = 10.; |
---|
1526 | |
---|
1527 | G4double suma,w1,w2,C,e0,lossc,w; |
---|
1528 | G4double a1,a2,a3; |
---|
1529 | G4int p1,p2,p3; |
---|
1530 | G4int nb; |
---|
1531 | G4double corrfac, na,alfa,rfac,namean,sa,alfa1,ea,sea; |
---|
1532 | G4double dp3; |
---|
1533 | |
---|
1534 | G4double f1Fluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetF1fluct(); |
---|
1535 | G4double f2Fluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetF2fluct(); |
---|
1536 | G4double e1Fluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy1fluct(); |
---|
1537 | G4double e2Fluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy2fluct(); |
---|
1538 | G4double e1LogFluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetLogEnergy1fluct(); |
---|
1539 | G4double e2LogFluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetLogEnergy2fluct(); |
---|
1540 | G4double rateFluct = material->GetIonisation()->GetRateionexcfluct(); |
---|
1541 | G4double ipotLogFluct= material->GetIonisation()->GetLogMeanExcEnergy(); |
---|
1542 | |
---|
1543 | w1 = tMax/ipotFluct; |
---|
1544 | w2 = std::log(2.*electron_mass_c2*tau2); |
---|
1545 | |
---|
1546 | C = meanLoss*(1.-rateFluct)/(w2-ipotLogFluct-beta2); |
---|
1547 | |
---|
1548 | a1 = C*f1Fluct*(w2-e1LogFluct-beta2)/e1Fluct; |
---|
1549 | a2 = C*f2Fluct*(w2-e2LogFluct-beta2)/e2Fluct; |
---|
1550 | a3 = rateFluct*meanLoss*(tMax-ipotFluct)/(ipotFluct*tMax*std::log(w1)); |
---|
1551 | if(a1 < 0.0) a1 = 0.0; |
---|
1552 | if(a2 < 0.0) a2 = 0.0; |
---|
1553 | if(a3 < 0.0) a3 = 0.0; |
---|
1554 | |
---|
1555 | suma = a1+a2+a3; |
---|
1556 | |
---|
1557 | loss = 0.; |
---|
1558 | |
---|
1559 | |
---|
1560 | if(suma < sumaLim) // very small Step |
---|
1561 | { |
---|
1562 | e0 = material->GetIonisation()->GetEnergy0fluct(); |
---|
1563 | |
---|
1564 | if(tMax == ipotFluct) |
---|
1565 | { |
---|
1566 | a3 = meanLoss/e0; |
---|
1567 | |
---|
1568 | if(a3>alim) |
---|
1569 | { |
---|
1570 | siga=std::sqrt(a3) ; |
---|
1571 | p3 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5)); |
---|
1572 | } |
---|
1573 | else |
---|
1574 | p3 = G4Poisson(a3); |
---|
1575 | |
---|
1576 | loss = p3*e0 ; |
---|
1577 | |
---|
1578 | if(p3 > 0) |
---|
1579 | loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e0 ; |
---|
1580 | |
---|
1581 | } |
---|
1582 | else |
---|
1583 | { |
---|
1584 | tMax = tMax-ipotFluct+e0 ; |
---|
1585 | a3 = meanLoss*(tMax-e0)/(tMax*e0*std::log(tMax/e0)); |
---|
1586 | |
---|
1587 | if(a3>alim) |
---|
1588 | { |
---|
1589 | siga=std::sqrt(a3) ; |
---|
1590 | p3 = std::max(0,int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5)); |
---|
1591 | } |
---|
1592 | else |
---|
1593 | p3 = G4Poisson(a3); |
---|
1594 | |
---|
1595 | if(p3 > 0) |
---|
1596 | { |
---|
1597 | w = (tMax-e0)/tMax ; |
---|
1598 | if(p3 > nmaxCont2) |
---|
1599 | { |
---|
1600 | dp3 = G4float(p3) ; |
---|
1601 | corrfac = dp3/G4float(nmaxCont2) ; |
---|
1602 | p3 = nmaxCont2 ; |
---|
1603 | } |
---|
1604 | else |
---|
1605 | corrfac = 1. ; |
---|
1606 | |
---|
1607 | for(G4int i=0; i<p3; i++) loss += 1./(1.-w*G4UniformRand()) ; |
---|
1608 | loss *= e0*corrfac ; |
---|
1609 | } |
---|
1610 | } |
---|
1611 | } |
---|
1612 | |
---|
1613 | else // not so small Step |
---|
1614 | { |
---|
1615 | // excitation type 1 |
---|
1616 | if(a1>alim) |
---|
1617 | { |
---|
1618 | siga=std::sqrt(a1) ; |
---|
1619 | p1 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a1,siga)+0.5)); |
---|
1620 | } |
---|
1621 | else |
---|
1622 | p1 = G4Poisson(a1); |
---|
1623 | |
---|
1624 | // excitation type 2 |
---|
1625 | if(a2>alim) |
---|
1626 | { |
---|
1627 | siga=std::sqrt(a2) ; |
---|
1628 | p2 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a2,siga)+0.5)); |
---|
1629 | } |
---|
1630 | else |
---|
1631 | p2 = G4Poisson(a2); |
---|
1632 | |
---|
1633 | loss = p1*e1Fluct+p2*e2Fluct; |
---|
1634 | |
---|
1635 | // smearing to avoid unphysical peaks |
---|
1636 | if(p2 > 0) |
---|
1637 | loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e2Fluct; |
---|
1638 | else if (loss>0.) |
---|
1639 | loss += (1.-2.*G4UniformRand())*e1Fluct; |
---|
1640 | |
---|
1641 | // ionisation ....................................... |
---|
1642 | if(a3 > 0.) |
---|
1643 | { |
---|
1644 | if(a3>alim) |
---|
1645 | { |
---|
1646 | siga=std::sqrt(a3) ; |
---|
1647 | p3 = std::max(0,G4int(G4RandGauss::shoot(a3,siga)+0.5)); |
---|
1648 | } |
---|
1649 | else |
---|
1650 | p3 = G4Poisson(a3); |
---|
1651 | |
---|
1652 | lossc = 0.; |
---|
1653 | if(p3 > 0) |
---|
1654 | { |
---|
1655 | na = 0.; |
---|
1656 | alfa = 1.; |
---|
1657 | if (p3 > nmaxCont2) |
---|
1658 | { |
---|
1659 | dp3 = G4float(p3); |
---|
1660 | rfac = dp3/(G4float(nmaxCont2)+dp3); |
---|
1661 | namean = G4float(p3)*rfac; |
---|
1662 | sa = G4float(nmaxCont1)*rfac; |
---|
1663 | na = G4RandGauss::shoot(namean,sa); |
---|
1664 | if (na > 0.) |
---|
1665 | { |
---|
1666 | alfa = w1*G4float(nmaxCont2+p3)/ |
---|
1667 | (w1*G4float(nmaxCont2)+G4float(p3)); |
---|
1668 | alfa1 = alfa*std::log(alfa)/(alfa-1.); |
---|
1669 | ea = na*ipotFluct*alfa1; |
---|
1670 | sea = ipotFluct*std::sqrt(na*(alfa-alfa1*alfa1)); |
---|
1671 | lossc += G4RandGauss::shoot(ea,sea); |
---|
1672 | } |
---|
1673 | } |
---|
1674 | |
---|
1675 | nb = G4int(G4float(p3)-na); |
---|
1676 | if (nb > 0) |
---|
1677 | { |
---|
1678 | w2 = alfa*ipotFluct; |
---|
1679 | w = (tMax-w2)/tMax; |
---|
1680 | for (G4int k=0; k<nb; k++) lossc += w2/(1.-w*G4UniformRand()); |
---|
1681 | } |
---|
1682 | } |
---|
1683 | loss += lossc; |
---|
1684 | } |
---|
1685 | } |
---|
1686 | |
---|
1687 | return loss ; |
---|
1688 | } |
---|
1689 | |
---|
1690 | |
---|
1691 | |
---|
1692 | void G4hImpactIonisation::SetCutForSecondaryPhotons(G4double cut) |
---|
1693 | { |
---|
1694 | minGammaEnergy = cut; |
---|
1695 | } |
---|
1696 | |
---|
1697 | |
---|
1698 | |
---|
1699 | void G4hImpactIonisation::SetCutForAugerElectrons(G4double cut) |
---|
1700 | { |
---|
1701 | minElectronEnergy = cut; |
---|
1702 | } |
---|
1703 | |
---|
1704 | |
---|
1705 | |
---|
1706 | void G4hImpactIonisation::ActivateAugerElectronProduction(G4bool val) |
---|
1707 | { |
---|
1708 | atomicDeexcitation.ActivateAugerElectronProduction(val); |
---|
1709 | } |
---|
1710 | |
---|
1711 | |
---|
1712 | |
---|
1713 | void G4hImpactIonisation::PrintInfoDefinition() const |
---|
1714 | { |
---|
1715 | G4String comments = " Knock-on electron cross sections . "; |
---|
1716 | comments += "\n Good description above the mean excitation energy.\n"; |
---|
1717 | comments += " Delta ray energy sampled from differential Xsection."; |
---|
1718 | |
---|
1719 | G4cout << G4endl << GetProcessName() << ": " << comments |
---|
1720 | << "\n PhysicsTables from " << LowestKineticEnergy / eV << " eV " |
---|
1721 | << " to " << HighestKineticEnergy / TeV << " TeV " |
---|
1722 | << " in " << TotBin << " bins." |
---|
1723 | << "\n Electronic stopping power model is " |
---|
1724 | << protonTable |
---|
1725 | << "\n from " << protonLowEnergy / keV << " keV " |
---|
1726 | << " to " << protonHighEnergy / MeV << " MeV " << "." << G4endl ; |
---|
1727 | G4cout << "\n Parametrisation model for antiprotons is " |
---|
1728 | << antiprotonTable |
---|
1729 | << "\n from " << antiprotonLowEnergy / keV << " keV " |
---|
1730 | << " to " << antiprotonHighEnergy / MeV << " MeV " << "." << G4endl ; |
---|
1731 | if(theBarkas){ |
---|
1732 | G4cout << " Parametrization of the Barkas effect is switched on." |
---|
1733 | << G4endl ; |
---|
1734 | } |
---|
1735 | if(nStopping) { |
---|
1736 | G4cout << " Nuclear stopping power model is " << theNuclearTable |
---|
1737 | << G4endl ; |
---|
1738 | } |
---|
1739 | |
---|
1740 | G4bool printHead = true; |
---|
1741 | |
---|
1742 | const G4ProductionCutsTable* theCoupleTable= |
---|
1743 | G4ProductionCutsTable::GetProductionCutsTable(); |
---|
1744 | size_t numOfCouples = theCoupleTable->GetTableSize(); |
---|
1745 | |
---|
1746 | // loop for materials |
---|
1747 | |
---|
1748 | for (size_t j=0 ; j < numOfCouples; j++) { |
---|
1749 | |
---|
1750 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple = theCoupleTable->GetMaterialCutsCouple(j); |
---|
1751 | const G4Material* material= couple->GetMaterial(); |
---|
1752 | G4double deltaCutNow = cutForDelta[(couple->GetIndex())] ; |
---|
1753 | G4double excitationEnergy = material->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy(); |
---|
1754 | |
---|
1755 | if(excitationEnergy > deltaCutNow) { |
---|
1756 | if(printHead) { |
---|
1757 | printHead = false ; |
---|
1758 | |
---|
1759 | G4cout << " material min.delta energy(keV) " << G4endl; |
---|
1760 | G4cout << G4endl; |
---|
1761 | } |
---|
1762 | |
---|
1763 | G4cout << std::setw(20) << material->GetName() |
---|
1764 | << std::setw(15) << excitationEnergy/keV << G4endl; |
---|
1765 | } |
---|
1766 | } |
---|
1767 | } |
---|