[819] | 1 | // |
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| 2 | // ******************************************************************** |
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| 3 | // * License and Disclaimer * |
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| 4 | // * * |
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| 5 | // * The Geant4 software is copyright of the Copyright Holders of * |
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| 6 | // * the Geant4 Collaboration. It is provided under the terms and * |
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| 7 | // * conditions of the Geant4 Software License, included in the file * |
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| 8 | // * LICENSE and available at http://cern.ch/geant4/license . These * |
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| 9 | // * include a list of copyright holders. * |
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| 10 | // * * |
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| 11 | // * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing * |
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| 12 | // * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this * |
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| 13 | // * work make any representation or warranty, express or implied, * |
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| 14 | // * regarding this software system or assume any liability for its * |
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| 15 | // * use. Please see the license in the file LICENSE and URL above * |
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| 16 | // * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability. * |
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| 17 | // * * |
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| 18 | // * This code implementation is the result of the scientific and * |
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| 19 | // * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration. * |
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| 20 | // * By using, copying, modifying or distributing the software (or * |
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| 21 | // * any work based on the software) you agree to acknowledge its * |
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| 22 | // * use in resulting scientific publications, and indicate your * |
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| 23 | // * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license. * |
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| 24 | // ******************************************************************** |
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| 25 | // |
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[1055] | 26 | // $Id: G4BraggModel.cc,v 1.22 2009/04/09 18:41:18 vnivanch Exp $ |
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| 27 | // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-03-beta-cand-01 $ |
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[819] | 28 | // |
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| 29 | // ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 30 | // |
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| 31 | // GEANT4 Class file |
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| 32 | // |
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| 33 | // |
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| 34 | // File name: G4BraggModel |
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| 35 | // |
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| 36 | // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko |
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| 37 | // |
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| 38 | // Creation date: 03.01.2002 |
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| 39 | // |
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| 40 | // Modifications: |
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| 41 | // |
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| 42 | // 04-12-02 Fix problem of G4DynamicParticle constructor (V.Ivanchenko) |
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| 43 | // 23-12-02 Change interface in order to move to cut per region (V.Ivanchenko) |
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| 44 | // 27-01-03 Make models region aware (V.Ivanchenko) |
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| 45 | // 13-02-03 Add name (V.Ivanchenko) |
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| 46 | // 04-06-03 Fix compilation warnings (V.Ivanchenko) |
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| 47 | // 12-09-04 Add lowestKinEnergy and change order of if in DEDX method (VI) |
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| 48 | // 11-04-05 Major optimisation of internal interfaces (V.Ivantchenko) |
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| 49 | // 16-06-05 Fix problem of chemical formula (V.Ivantchenko) |
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| 50 | // 15-02-06 ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron, ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom (mma) |
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| 51 | // 25-04-06 Add stopping data from PSTAR (V.Ivanchenko) |
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[961] | 52 | // 12-08-08 Added methods GetParticleCharge, GetChargeSquareRatio, |
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| 53 | // CorrectionsAlongStep needed for ions(V.Ivanchenko) |
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[819] | 54 | |
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| 55 | // Class Description: |
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| 56 | // |
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| 57 | // Implementation of energy loss and delta-electron production by |
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| 58 | // slow charged heavy particles |
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| 59 | |
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| 60 | // ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 61 | // |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | |
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| 64 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 65 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 66 | |
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| 67 | #include "G4BraggModel.hh" |
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| 68 | #include "Randomize.hh" |
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| 69 | #include "G4Electron.hh" |
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| 70 | #include "G4ParticleChangeForLoss.hh" |
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[961] | 71 | #include "G4LossTableManager.hh" |
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| 72 | #include "G4EmCorrections.hh" |
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[819] | 73 | |
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| 74 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 75 | |
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| 76 | using namespace std; |
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| 77 | |
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| 78 | G4BraggModel::G4BraggModel(const G4ParticleDefinition* p, const G4String& nam) |
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| 79 | : G4VEmModel(nam), |
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[961] | 80 | particle(0), |
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| 81 | protonMassAMU(1.007276), |
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| 82 | iMolecula(0), |
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| 83 | isIon(false), |
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| 84 | isInitialised(false) |
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[819] | 85 | { |
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| 86 | if(p) SetParticle(p); |
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[961] | 87 | SetHighEnergyLimit(2.0*MeV); |
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| 88 | |
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[819] | 89 | lowestKinEnergy = 1.0*keV; |
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| 90 | theZieglerFactor = eV*cm2*1.0e-15; |
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| 91 | theElectron = G4Electron::Electron(); |
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| 92 | } |
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| 93 | |
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| 94 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 95 | |
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| 96 | G4BraggModel::~G4BraggModel() |
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| 97 | {} |
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| 98 | |
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| 99 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 100 | |
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| 101 | G4double G4BraggModel::MinEnergyCut(const G4ParticleDefinition*, |
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| 102 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple) |
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| 103 | { |
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| 104 | return couple->GetMaterial()->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy(); |
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| 105 | } |
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| 106 | |
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| 107 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 108 | |
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| 109 | void G4BraggModel::Initialise(const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 110 | const G4DataVector&) |
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| 111 | { |
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| 112 | if(p != particle) SetParticle(p); |
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| 113 | |
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[1055] | 114 | // always false before the run |
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| 115 | SetDeexcitationFlag(false); |
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| 116 | |
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[961] | 117 | if(!isInitialised) { |
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| 118 | isInitialised = true; |
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| 119 | |
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| 120 | G4String pname = particle->GetParticleName(); |
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| 121 | if(particle->GetParticleType() == "nucleus" && |
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| 122 | pname != "deuteron" && pname != "triton") isIon = true; |
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| 123 | |
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| 124 | corr = G4LossTableManager::Instance()->EmCorrections(); |
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| 125 | |
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[1055] | 126 | fParticleChange = GetParticleChangeForLoss(); |
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[961] | 127 | } |
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[819] | 128 | } |
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| 129 | |
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| 130 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 131 | |
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[961] | 132 | G4double G4BraggModel::GetChargeSquareRatio(const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 133 | const G4Material* mat, |
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| 134 | G4double kineticEnergy) |
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| 135 | { |
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| 136 | // this method is called only for ions |
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| 137 | G4double q2 = corr->EffectiveChargeSquareRatio(p,mat,kineticEnergy); |
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| 138 | GetModelOfFluctuations()->SetParticleAndCharge(p, q2); |
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| 139 | return q2*corr->EffectiveChargeCorrection(p,mat,kineticEnergy); |
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| 140 | } |
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| 141 | |
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| 142 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 143 | |
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| 144 | G4double G4BraggModel::GetParticleCharge(const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 145 | const G4Material* mat, |
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| 146 | G4double kineticEnergy) |
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| 147 | { |
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| 148 | // this method is called only for ions |
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| 149 | return corr->GetParticleCharge(p,mat,kineticEnergy); |
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| 150 | } |
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| 151 | |
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| 152 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 153 | |
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[819] | 154 | G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron( |
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| 155 | const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 156 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
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| 157 | G4double cutEnergy, |
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| 158 | G4double maxKinEnergy) |
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| 159 | { |
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| 160 | G4double cross = 0.0; |
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| 161 | G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(p, kineticEnergy); |
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[961] | 162 | G4double maxEnergy = std::min(tmax,maxKinEnergy); |
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[819] | 163 | if(cutEnergy < tmax) { |
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| 164 | |
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| 165 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy + mass; |
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| 166 | G4double energy2 = energy*energy; |
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| 167 | G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy + 2.0*mass)/energy2; |
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| 168 | cross = 1.0/cutEnergy - 1.0/maxEnergy - beta2*log(maxEnergy/cutEnergy)/tmax; |
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| 169 | |
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| 170 | cross *= twopi_mc2_rcl2*chargeSquare/beta2; |
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| 171 | } |
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| 172 | // G4cout << "BR: e= " << kineticEnergy << " tmin= " << cutEnergy |
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| 173 | // << " tmax= " << tmax << " cross= " << cross << G4endl; |
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| 174 | |
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| 175 | return cross; |
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| 176 | } |
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| 177 | |
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| 178 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 179 | |
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| 180 | G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom( |
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| 181 | const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 182 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
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| 183 | G4double Z, G4double, |
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| 184 | G4double cutEnergy, |
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| 185 | G4double maxEnergy) |
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| 186 | { |
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| 187 | G4double cross = Z*ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron |
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| 188 | (p,kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,maxEnergy); |
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| 189 | return cross; |
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| 190 | } |
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| 191 | |
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| 192 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 193 | |
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| 194 | G4double G4BraggModel::CrossSectionPerVolume( |
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| 195 | const G4Material* material, |
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| 196 | const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 197 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
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| 198 | G4double cutEnergy, |
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| 199 | G4double maxEnergy) |
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| 200 | { |
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| 201 | G4double eDensity = material->GetElectronDensity(); |
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| 202 | G4double cross = eDensity*ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron |
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| 203 | (p,kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,maxEnergy); |
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| 204 | return cross; |
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| 205 | } |
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| 206 | |
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| 207 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 208 | |
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| 209 | G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeDEDXPerVolume(const G4Material* material, |
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| 210 | const G4ParticleDefinition* p, |
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| 211 | G4double kineticEnergy, |
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| 212 | G4double cutEnergy) |
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| 213 | { |
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| 214 | G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(p, kineticEnergy); |
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| 215 | G4double tkin = kineticEnergy/massRate; |
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| 216 | G4double dedx = 0.0; |
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| 217 | if(tkin > lowestKinEnergy) dedx = DEDX(material, tkin); |
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| 218 | else dedx = DEDX(material, lowestKinEnergy)*sqrt(tkin/lowestKinEnergy); |
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| 219 | |
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| 220 | if (cutEnergy < tmax) { |
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| 221 | |
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| 222 | G4double tau = kineticEnergy/mass; |
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| 223 | G4double gam = tau + 1.0; |
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| 224 | G4double bg2 = tau * (tau+2.0); |
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| 225 | G4double beta2 = bg2/(gam*gam); |
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| 226 | G4double x = cutEnergy/tmax; |
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| 227 | |
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| 228 | dedx += (log(x) + (1.0 - x)*beta2) * twopi_mc2_rcl2 |
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| 229 | * (material->GetElectronDensity())/beta2; |
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| 230 | } |
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| 231 | |
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| 232 | // now compute the total ionization loss |
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| 233 | |
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| 234 | if (dedx < 0.0) dedx = 0.0 ; |
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| 235 | |
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| 236 | dedx *= chargeSquare; |
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| 237 | |
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| 238 | return dedx; |
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| 239 | } |
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| 240 | |
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| 241 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 242 | |
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[961] | 243 | void G4BraggModel::CorrectionsAlongStep(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple, |
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| 244 | const G4DynamicParticle* dp, |
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| 245 | G4double& eloss, |
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| 246 | G4double&, |
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| 247 | G4double length) |
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| 248 | { |
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| 249 | if(nuclearStopping) { |
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| 250 | |
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| 251 | G4double preKinEnergy = dp->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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| 252 | G4double e = preKinEnergy - eloss*0.5; |
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| 253 | if(e < 0.0) e = preKinEnergy*0.5; |
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| 254 | G4double nloss = length*corr->NuclearDEDX(dp->GetDefinition(), |
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| 255 | couple->GetMaterial(), |
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| 256 | e,false); |
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| 257 | |
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| 258 | // too big energy loss |
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| 259 | if(eloss + nloss > preKinEnergy) { |
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| 260 | nloss *= (preKinEnergy/(eloss + nloss)); |
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| 261 | eloss = preKinEnergy; |
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| 262 | } else { |
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| 263 | eloss += nloss; |
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| 264 | } |
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| 265 | /* |
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| 266 | G4cout << "G4ionIonisation::CorrectionsAlongStep: e= " << preKinEnergy |
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| 267 | << " de= " << eloss << " NIEL= " << nloss |
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| 268 | << " dynQ= " << dp->GetCharge()/eplus << G4endl; |
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| 269 | */ |
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| 270 | fParticleChange->ProposeNonIonizingEnergyDeposit(nloss); |
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| 271 | } |
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| 272 | } |
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| 273 | |
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| 274 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 275 | |
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[819] | 276 | void G4BraggModel::SampleSecondaries(vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* vdp, |
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| 277 | const G4MaterialCutsCouple*, |
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| 278 | const G4DynamicParticle* dp, |
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| 279 | G4double xmin, |
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| 280 | G4double maxEnergy) |
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| 281 | { |
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| 282 | G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryKinEnergy(dp); |
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| 283 | G4double xmax = std::min(tmax, maxEnergy); |
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| 284 | if(xmin >= xmax) return; |
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| 285 | |
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| 286 | G4double kineticEnergy = dp->GetKineticEnergy(); |
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| 287 | G4double energy = kineticEnergy + mass; |
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| 288 | G4double energy2 = energy*energy; |
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| 289 | G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy + 2.0*mass)/energy2; |
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| 290 | G4double grej = 1.0; |
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| 291 | G4double deltaKinEnergy, f; |
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| 292 | |
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| 293 | G4ThreeVector direction = dp->GetMomentumDirection(); |
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| 294 | |
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| 295 | // sampling follows ... |
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| 296 | do { |
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| 297 | G4double q = G4UniformRand(); |
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| 298 | deltaKinEnergy = xmin*xmax/(xmin*(1.0 - q) + xmax*q); |
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| 299 | |
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| 300 | f = 1.0 - beta2*deltaKinEnergy/tmax; |
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| 301 | |
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| 302 | if(f > grej) { |
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| 303 | G4cout << "G4BraggModel::SampleSecondary Warning! " |
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| 304 | << "Majorant " << grej << " < " |
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| 305 | << f << " for e= " << deltaKinEnergy |
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| 306 | << G4endl; |
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| 307 | } |
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| 308 | |
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| 309 | } while( grej*G4UniformRand() >= f ); |
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| 310 | |
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| 311 | G4double deltaMomentum = |
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| 312 | sqrt(deltaKinEnergy * (deltaKinEnergy + 2.0*electron_mass_c2)); |
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| 313 | G4double totMomentum = energy*sqrt(beta2); |
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| 314 | G4double cost = deltaKinEnergy * (energy + electron_mass_c2) / |
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| 315 | (deltaMomentum * totMomentum); |
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| 316 | if(cost > 1.0) cost = 1.0; |
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| 317 | G4double sint = sqrt((1.0 - cost)*(1.0 + cost)); |
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| 318 | |
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| 319 | G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand() ; |
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| 320 | |
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| 321 | G4ThreeVector deltaDirection(sint*cos(phi),sint*sin(phi), cost) ; |
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| 322 | deltaDirection.rotateUz(direction); |
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| 323 | |
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| 324 | // Change kinematics of primary particle |
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| 325 | kineticEnergy -= deltaKinEnergy; |
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| 326 | G4ThreeVector finalP = direction*totMomentum - deltaDirection*deltaMomentum; |
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| 327 | finalP = finalP.unit(); |
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| 328 | |
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| 329 | fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(kineticEnergy); |
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| 330 | fParticleChange->SetProposedMomentumDirection(finalP); |
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| 331 | |
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| 332 | // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray |
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| 333 | G4DynamicParticle* delta = new G4DynamicParticle(theElectron,deltaDirection, |
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| 334 | deltaKinEnergy); |
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| 335 | |
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| 336 | vdp->push_back(delta); |
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| 337 | } |
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| 338 | |
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| 339 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 340 | |
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[1055] | 341 | G4double G4BraggModel::MaxSecondaryEnergy(const G4ParticleDefinition* pd, |
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| 342 | G4double kinEnergy) |
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| 343 | { |
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| 344 | if(pd != particle) SetParticle(pd); |
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| 345 | G4double tau = kinEnergy/mass; |
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| 346 | G4double tmax = 2.0*electron_mass_c2*tau*(tau + 2.) / |
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| 347 | (1. + 2.0*(tau + 1.)*ratio + ratio*ratio); |
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| 348 | return tmax; |
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| 349 | } |
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| 350 | |
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| 351 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 352 | |
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[819] | 353 | G4bool G4BraggModel::HasMaterial(const G4Material* material) |
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| 354 | { |
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| 355 | const size_t numberOfMolecula = 11 ; |
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| 356 | SetMoleculaNumber(numberOfMolecula) ; |
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| 357 | G4String chFormula = material->GetChemicalFormula() ; |
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| 358 | |
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| 359 | // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Power's model for He. |
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| 360 | static G4String molName[numberOfMolecula] = { |
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| 361 | "Al_2O_3", "CO_2", "CH_4", |
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| 362 | "(C_2H_4)_N-Polyethylene", "(C_2H_4)_N-Polypropylene", "(C_8H_8)_N", |
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| 363 | "C_3H_8", "SiO_2", "H_2O", |
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| 364 | "H_2O-Gas", "Graphite" } ; |
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| 365 | |
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| 366 | // Special treatment for water in gas state |
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| 367 | const G4State theState = material->GetState() ; |
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| 368 | |
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| 369 | if( theState == kStateGas && "H_2O" == chFormula) { |
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| 370 | chFormula = G4String("H_2O-Gas"); |
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| 371 | } |
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| 372 | |
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| 373 | // Search for the material in the table |
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| 374 | for (size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; i++) { |
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| 375 | if (chFormula == molName[i]) { |
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| 376 | SetMoleculaNumber(i) ; |
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| 377 | return true ; |
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| 378 | } |
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| 379 | } |
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| 380 | return false ; |
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| 381 | } |
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| 382 | |
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| 383 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
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| 384 | |
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| 385 | G4double G4BraggModel::StoppingPower(const G4Material* material, |
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| 386 | G4double kineticEnergy) |
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| 387 | { |
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| 388 | G4double ionloss = 0.0 ; |
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| 389 | |
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| 390 | if (iMolecula < 11) { |
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| 391 | |
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| 392 | // The data and the fit from: |
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| 393 | // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Ziegler's model for protons. |
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| 394 | // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisation (keV/amu) |
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| 395 | |
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| 396 | G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMassAMU) ; |
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| 397 | |
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| 398 | static G4double a[11][5] = { |
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| 399 | {1.187E+1, 1.343E+1, 1.069E+4, 7.723E+2, 2.153E-2}, |
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| 400 | {7.802E+0, 8.814E+0, 8.303E+3, 7.446E+2, 7.966E-3}, |
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| 401 | {7.294E+0, 8.284E+0, 5.010E+3, 4.544E+2, 8.153E-3}, |
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| 402 | {8.646E+0, 9.800E+0, 7.066E+3, 4.581E+2, 9.383E-3}, |
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| 403 | {1.286E+1, 1.462E+1, 5.625E+3, 2.621E+3, 3.512E-2}, |
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| 404 | {3.229E+1, 3.696E+1, 8.918E+3, 3.244E+3, 1.273E-1}, |
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| 405 | {1.604E+1, 1.825E+1, 6.967E+3, 2.307E+3, 3.775E-2}, |
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| 406 | {8.049E+0, 9.099E+0, 9.257E+3, 3.846E+2, 1.007E-2}, |
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| 407 | {4.015E+0, 4.542E+0, 3.955E+3, 4.847E+2, 7.904E-3}, |
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| 408 | {4.571E+0, 5.173E+0, 4.346E+3, 4.779E+2, 8.572E-3}, |
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| 409 | {2.631E+0, 2.601E+0, 1.701E+3, 1.279E+3, 1.638E-2} }; |
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| 410 | |
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| 411 | static G4double atomicWeight[11] = { |
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| 412 | 101.96128, 44.0098, 16.0426, 28.0536, 42.0804, |
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| 413 | 104.1512, 44.665, 60.0843, 18.0152, 18.0152, 12.0}; |
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| 414 | |
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| 415 | if ( T < 10.0 ) { |
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| 416 | ionloss = a[iMolecula][0] * sqrt(T) ; |
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| 417 | |
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| 418 | } else if ( T < 10000.0 ) { |
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| 419 | G4double slow = a[iMolecula][1] * pow(T, 0.45) ; |
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| 420 | G4double shigh = log( 1.0 + a[iMolecula][3]/T |
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| 421 | + a[iMolecula][4]*T ) * a[iMolecula][2]/T ; |
---|
| 422 | ionloss = slow*shigh / (slow + shigh) ; |
---|
| 423 | } |
---|
| 424 | |
---|
| 425 | if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ; |
---|
| 426 | if ( 10 == iMolecula ) { |
---|
| 427 | if (T < 100.0) { |
---|
| 428 | ionloss *= (1.0+0.023+0.0066*log10(T)); |
---|
| 429 | } |
---|
| 430 | else if (T < 700.0) { |
---|
| 431 | ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*log10(T-99.)); |
---|
| 432 | } |
---|
| 433 | else if (T < 10000.0) { |
---|
| 434 | ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*log10(700.-99.)); |
---|
| 435 | } |
---|
| 436 | } |
---|
| 437 | ionloss /= atomicWeight[iMolecula]; |
---|
| 438 | |
---|
| 439 | // pure material (normally not the case for this function) |
---|
| 440 | } else if(1 == (material->GetNumberOfElements())) { |
---|
| 441 | G4double z = material->GetZ() ; |
---|
| 442 | ionloss = ElectronicStoppingPower( z, kineticEnergy ) ; |
---|
| 443 | } |
---|
| 444 | |
---|
| 445 | return ionloss; |
---|
| 446 | } |
---|
| 447 | |
---|
| 448 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
---|
| 449 | |
---|
| 450 | G4double G4BraggModel::ElectronicStoppingPower(G4double z, |
---|
| 451 | G4double kineticEnergy) const |
---|
| 452 | { |
---|
| 453 | G4double ionloss ; |
---|
| 454 | G4int i = G4int(z)-1 ; // index of atom |
---|
| 455 | if(i < 0) i = 0 ; |
---|
| 456 | if(i > 91) i = 91 ; |
---|
| 457 | |
---|
| 458 | // The data and the fit from: |
---|
| 459 | // ICRU Report 49, 1993. Ziegler's type of parametrisations. |
---|
| 460 | // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisation (keV/amu) |
---|
| 461 | |
---|
| 462 | G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMassAMU) ; |
---|
| 463 | |
---|
| 464 | static G4double a[92][5] = { |
---|
| 465 | {1.254E+0, 1.440E+0, 2.426E+2, 1.200E+4, 1.159E-1}, |
---|
| 466 | {1.229E+0, 1.397E+0, 4.845E+2, 5.873E+3, 5.225E-2}, |
---|
| 467 | {1.411E+0, 1.600E+0, 7.256E+2, 3.013E+3, 4.578E-2}, |
---|
| 468 | {2.248E+0, 2.590E+0, 9.660E+2, 1.538E+2, 3.475E-2}, |
---|
| 469 | {2.474E+0, 2.815E+0, 1.206E+3, 1.060E+3, 2.855E-2}, |
---|
| 470 | {2.631E+0, 2.601E+0, 1.701E+3, 1.279E+3, 1.638E-2}, |
---|
| 471 | {2.954E+0, 3.350E+0, 1.683E+3, 1.900E+3, 2.513E-2}, |
---|
| 472 | {2.652E+0, 3.000E+0, 1.920E+3, 2.000E+3, 2.230E-2}, |
---|
| 473 | {2.085E+0, 2.352E+0, 2.157E+3, 2.634E+3, 1.816E-2}, |
---|
| 474 | {1.951E+0, 2.199E+0, 2.393E+3, 2.699E+3, 1.568E-2}, |
---|
| 475 | // Z= 11-20 |
---|
| 476 | {2.542E+0, 2.869E+0, 2.628E+3, 1.854E+3, 1.472E-2}, |
---|
| 477 | {3.791E+0, 4.293E+0, 2.862E+3, 1.009E+3, 1.397E-2}, |
---|
| 478 | {4.154E+0, 4.739E+0, 2.766E+3, 1.645E+2, 2.023E-2}, |
---|
| 479 | {4.914E+0, 5.598E+0, 3.193E+3, 2.327E+2, 1.419E-2}, |
---|
| 480 | {3.232E+0, 3.647E+0, 3.561E+3, 1.560E+3, 1.267E-2}, |
---|
| 481 | {3.447E+0, 3.891E+0, 3.792E+3, 1.219E+3, 1.211E-2}, |
---|
| 482 | {5.301E+0, 6.008E+0, 3.969E+3, 6.451E+2, 1.183E-2}, |
---|
| 483 | {5.731E+0, 6.500E+0, 4.253E+3, 5.300E+2, 1.123E-2}, |
---|
| 484 | {5.152E+0, 5.833E+0, 4.482E+3, 5.457E+2, 1.129E-2}, |
---|
| 485 | {5.521E+0, 6.252E+0, 4.710E+3, 5.533E+2, 1.112E-2}, |
---|
| 486 | // Z= 21-30 |
---|
| 487 | {5.201E+0, 5.884E+0, 4.938E+3, 5.609E+2, 9.995E-3}, |
---|
| 488 | {4.858E+0, 5.489E+0, 5.260E+3, 6.511E+2, 8.930E-3}, |
---|
| 489 | {4.479E+0, 5.055E+0, 5.391E+3, 9.523E+2, 9.117E-3}, |
---|
| 490 | {3.983E+0, 4.489E+0, 5.616E+3, 1.336E+3, 8.413E-3}, |
---|
| 491 | {3.469E+0, 3.907E+0, 5.725E+3, 1.461E+3, 8.829E-3}, |
---|
| 492 | {3.519E+0, 3.963E+0, 6.065E+3, 1.243E+3, 7.782E-3}, |
---|
| 493 | {3.140E+0, 3.535E+0, 6.288E+3, 1.372E+3, 7.361E-3}, |
---|
| 494 | {3.553E+0, 4.004E+0, 6.205E+3, 5.551E+2, 8.763E-3}, |
---|
| 495 | {3.696E+0, 4.194E+0, 4.649E+3, 8.113E+1, 2.242E-2}, |
---|
| 496 | {4.210E+0, 4.750E+0, 6.953E+3, 2.952E+2, 6.809E-3}, |
---|
| 497 | // Z= 31-40 |
---|
| 498 | {5.041E+0, 5.697E+0, 7.173E+3, 2.026E+2, 6.725E-3}, |
---|
| 499 | {5.554E+0, 6.300E+0, 6.496E+3, 1.100E+2, 9.689E-3}, |
---|
| 500 | {5.323E+0, 6.012E+0, 7.611E+3, 2.925E+2, 6.447E-3}, |
---|
| 501 | {5.874E+0, 6.656E+0, 7.395E+3, 1.175E+2, 7.684E-3}, |
---|
| 502 | {6.658E+0, 7.536E+0, 7.694E+3, 2.223E+2, 6.509E-3}, |
---|
| 503 | {6.413E+0, 7.240E+0, 1.185E+4, 1.537E+2, 2.880E-3}, |
---|
| 504 | {5.694E+0, 6.429E+0, 8.478E+3, 2.929E+2, 6.087E-3}, |
---|
| 505 | {6.339E+0, 7.159E+0, 8.693E+3, 3.303E+2, 6.003E-3}, |
---|
| 506 | {6.407E+0, 7.234E+0, 8.907E+3, 3.678E+2, 5.889E-3}, |
---|
| 507 | {6.734E+0, 7.603E+0, 9.120E+3, 4.052E+2, 5.765E-3}, |
---|
| 508 | // Z= 41-50 |
---|
| 509 | {6.901E+0, 7.791E+0, 9.333E+3, 4.427E+2, 5.587E-3}, |
---|
| 510 | {6.424E+0, 7.248E+0, 9.545E+3, 4.802E+2, 5.376E-3}, |
---|
| 511 | {6.799E+0, 7.671E+0, 9.756E+3, 5.176E+2, 5.315E-3}, |
---|
| 512 | {6.109E+0, 6.887E+0, 9.966E+3, 5.551E+2, 5.151E-3}, |
---|
| 513 | {5.924E+0, 6.677E+0, 1.018E+4, 5.925E+2, 4.919E-3}, |
---|
| 514 | {5.238E+0, 5.900E+0, 1.038E+4, 6.300E+2, 4.758E-3}, |
---|
| 515 | // {5.623, 6.354, 7160.0, 337.6, 0.013940}, // Ag Ziegler77 |
---|
| 516 | {5.345E+0, 6.038E+0, 6.790E+3, 3.978E+2, 1.676E-2}, // Ag ICRU49 |
---|
| 517 | {5.814E+0, 6.554E+0, 1.080E+4, 3.555E+2, 4.626E-3}, |
---|
| 518 | {6.229E+0, 7.024E+0, 1.101E+4, 3.709E+2, 4.540E-3}, |
---|
| 519 | {6.409E+0, 7.227E+0, 1.121E+4, 3.864E+2, 4.474E-3}, |
---|
| 520 | // Z= 51-60 |
---|
| 521 | {7.500E+0, 8.480E+0, 8.608E+3, 3.480E+2, 9.074E-3}, |
---|
| 522 | {6.979E+0, 7.871E+0, 1.162E+4, 3.924E+2, 4.402E-3}, |
---|
| 523 | {7.725E+0, 8.716E+0, 1.183E+4, 3.948E+2, 4.376E-3}, |
---|
| 524 | {8.337E+0, 9.425E+0, 1.051E+4, 2.696E+2, 6.206E-3}, |
---|
| 525 | {7.287E+0, 8.218E+0, 1.223E+4, 3.997E+2, 4.447E-3}, |
---|
| 526 | {7.899E+0, 8.911E+0, 1.243E+4, 4.021E+2, 4.511E-3}, |
---|
| 527 | {8.041E+0, 9.071E+0, 1.263E+4, 4.045E+2, 4.540E-3}, |
---|
| 528 | {7.488E+0, 8.444E+0, 1.283E+4, 4.069E+2, 4.420E-3}, |
---|
| 529 | {7.291E+0, 8.219E+0, 1.303E+4, 4.093E+2, 4.298E-3}, |
---|
| 530 | {7.098E+0, 8.000E+0, 1.323E+4, 4.118E+2, 4.182E-3}, |
---|
| 531 | // Z= 61-70 |
---|
| 532 | {6.909E+0, 7.786E+0, 1.343E+4, 4.142E+2, 4.058E-3}, |
---|
| 533 | {6.728E+0, 7.580E+0, 1.362E+4, 4.166E+2, 3.976E-3}, |
---|
| 534 | {6.551E+0, 7.380E+0, 1.382E+4, 4.190E+2, 3.877E-3}, |
---|
| 535 | {6.739E+0, 7.592E+0, 1.402E+4, 4.214E+2, 3.863E-3}, |
---|
| 536 | {6.212E+0, 6.996E+0, 1.421E+4, 4.239E+2, 3.725E-3}, |
---|
| 537 | {5.517E+0, 6.210E+0, 1.440E+4, 4.263E+2, 3.632E-3}, |
---|
| 538 | {5.220E+0, 5.874E+0, 1.460E+4, 4.287E+2, 3.498E-3}, |
---|
| 539 | {5.071E+0, 5.706E+0, 1.479E+4, 4.330E+2, 3.405E-3}, |
---|
| 540 | {4.926E+0, 5.542E+0, 1.498E+4, 4.335E+2, 3.342E-3}, |
---|
| 541 | {4.788E+0, 5.386E+0, 1.517E+4, 4.359E+2, 3.292E-3}, |
---|
| 542 | // Z= 71-80 |
---|
| 543 | {4.893E+0, 5.505E+0, 1.536E+4, 4.384E+2, 3.243E-3}, |
---|
| 544 | {5.028E+0, 5.657E+0, 1.555E+4, 4.408E+2, 3.195E-3}, |
---|
| 545 | {4.738E+0, 5.329E+0, 1.574E+4, 4.432E+2, 3.186E-3}, |
---|
| 546 | {4.587E+0, 5.160E+0, 1.541E+4, 4.153E+2, 3.406E-3}, |
---|
| 547 | {5.201E+0, 5.851E+0, 1.612E+4, 4.416E+2, 3.122E-3}, |
---|
| 548 | {5.071E+0, 5.704E+0, 1.630E+4, 4.409E+2, 3.082E-3}, |
---|
| 549 | {4.946E+0, 5.563E+0, 1.649E+4, 4.401E+2, 2.965E-3}, |
---|
| 550 | {4.477E+0, 5.034E+0, 1.667E+4, 4.393E+2, 2.871E-3}, |
---|
| 551 | // {4.856, 5.460, 18320.0, 438.5, 0.002542}, //Ziegler77 |
---|
| 552 | {4.844E+0, 5.458E+0, 7.852E+3, 9.758E+2, 2.077E-2}, //ICRU49 |
---|
| 553 | {4.307E+0, 4.843E+0, 1.704E+4, 4.878E+2, 2.882E-3}, |
---|
| 554 | // Z= 81-90 |
---|
| 555 | {4.723E+0, 5.311E+0, 1.722E+4, 5.370E+2, 2.913E-3}, |
---|
| 556 | {5.319E+0, 5.982E+0, 1.740E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.871E-3}, |
---|
| 557 | {5.956E+0, 6.700E+0, 1.780E+4, 6.770E+2, 2.660E-3}, |
---|
| 558 | {6.158E+0, 6.928E+0, 1.777E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.812E-3}, |
---|
| 559 | {6.203E+0, 6.979E+0, 1.795E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.776E-3}, |
---|
| 560 | {6.181E+0, 6.954E+0, 1.812E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.748E-3}, |
---|
| 561 | {6.949E+0, 7.820E+0, 1.830E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.737E-3}, |
---|
| 562 | {7.506E+0, 8.448E+0, 1.848E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.727E-3}, |
---|
| 563 | {7.648E+0, 8.609E+0, 1.866E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.697E-3}, |
---|
| 564 | {7.711E+0, 8.679E+0, 1.883E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.641E-3}, |
---|
| 565 | // Z= 91-92 |
---|
| 566 | {7.407E+0, 8.336E+0, 1.901E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.603E-3}, |
---|
| 567 | {7.290E+0, 8.204E+0, 1.918E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.673E-3} |
---|
| 568 | }; |
---|
| 569 | |
---|
| 570 | G4double fac = 1.0 ; |
---|
| 571 | |
---|
| 572 | // Carbon specific case for E < 40 keV |
---|
| 573 | if ( T < 40.0 && 5 == i) { |
---|
| 574 | fac = sqrt(T/40.0) ; |
---|
| 575 | T = 40.0 ; |
---|
| 576 | |
---|
| 577 | // Free electron gas model |
---|
| 578 | } else if ( T < 10.0 ) { |
---|
| 579 | fac = sqrt(T*0.1) ; |
---|
| 580 | T =10.0 ; |
---|
| 581 | } |
---|
| 582 | |
---|
| 583 | // Main parametrisation |
---|
| 584 | G4double slow = a[i][1] * pow(T, 0.45) ; |
---|
| 585 | G4double shigh = log( 1.0 + a[i][3]/T + a[i][4]*T ) * a[i][2]/T ; |
---|
| 586 | ionloss = slow*shigh*fac / (slow + shigh) ; |
---|
| 587 | |
---|
| 588 | if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ; |
---|
| 589 | |
---|
| 590 | return ionloss; |
---|
| 591 | } |
---|
| 592 | |
---|
| 593 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
---|
| 594 | |
---|
| 595 | G4double G4BraggModel::DEDX(const G4Material* material, |
---|
| 596 | G4double kineticEnergy) |
---|
| 597 | { |
---|
| 598 | G4double eloss = 0.0; |
---|
| 599 | const G4int numberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements(); |
---|
| 600 | const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector = |
---|
| 601 | material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector(); |
---|
| 602 | |
---|
| 603 | // compaund material with parametrisation |
---|
| 604 | G4int iNist = pstar.GetIndex(material); |
---|
| 605 | |
---|
| 606 | if( iNist >= 0 ) { |
---|
| 607 | return pstar.GetElectronicDEDX(iNist, kineticEnergy)*material->GetDensity(); |
---|
| 608 | |
---|
| 609 | } else if( HasMaterial(material) ) { |
---|
| 610 | |
---|
| 611 | eloss = StoppingPower(material, kineticEnergy)* |
---|
| 612 | material->GetDensity()/amu; |
---|
| 613 | |
---|
| 614 | // pure material |
---|
| 615 | } else if(1 == numberOfElements) { |
---|
| 616 | |
---|
| 617 | G4double z = material->GetZ(); |
---|
| 618 | eloss = ElectronicStoppingPower(z, kineticEnergy) |
---|
| 619 | * (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()); |
---|
| 620 | |
---|
| 621 | |
---|
| 622 | // Experimental data exist only for kinetic energy 125 keV |
---|
| 623 | } else if( MolecIsInZiegler1988(material) ) { |
---|
| 624 | |
---|
| 625 | // Cycle over elements - calculation based on Bragg's rule |
---|
| 626 | G4double eloss125 = 0.0 ; |
---|
| 627 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = |
---|
| 628 | material->GetElementVector(); |
---|
| 629 | |
---|
| 630 | // loop for the elements in the material |
---|
| 631 | for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfElements; i++) { |
---|
| 632 | const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[i] ; |
---|
| 633 | G4double z = element->GetZ() ; |
---|
| 634 | eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,kineticEnergy) |
---|
| 635 | * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i] ; |
---|
| 636 | eloss125 += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,125.0*keV) |
---|
| 637 | * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i] ; |
---|
| 638 | } |
---|
| 639 | |
---|
| 640 | // Chemical factor is taken into account |
---|
| 641 | eloss *= ChemicalFactor(kineticEnergy, eloss125) ; |
---|
| 642 | |
---|
| 643 | // Brugg's rule calculation |
---|
| 644 | } else { |
---|
| 645 | const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = |
---|
| 646 | material->GetElementVector() ; |
---|
| 647 | |
---|
| 648 | // loop for the elements in the material |
---|
| 649 | for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfElements; i++) |
---|
| 650 | { |
---|
| 651 | const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[i] ; |
---|
| 652 | eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(element->GetZ(), kineticEnergy) |
---|
| 653 | * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i]; |
---|
| 654 | } |
---|
| 655 | } |
---|
| 656 | return eloss*theZieglerFactor; |
---|
| 657 | } |
---|
| 658 | |
---|
| 659 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
---|
| 660 | |
---|
| 661 | G4bool G4BraggModel::MolecIsInZiegler1988(const G4Material* material) |
---|
| 662 | { |
---|
| 663 | // The list of molecules from |
---|
| 664 | // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping of ions in compaunds, |
---|
| 665 | // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (1988) 215-228. |
---|
| 666 | |
---|
| 667 | G4String myFormula = G4String(" ") ; |
---|
| 668 | const G4String chFormula = material->GetChemicalFormula() ; |
---|
| 669 | if (myFormula == chFormula ) return false ; |
---|
| 670 | |
---|
| 671 | // There are no evidence for difference of stopping power depended on |
---|
| 672 | // phase of the compound except for water. The stopping power of the |
---|
| 673 | // water in gas phase can be predicted using Bragg's rule. |
---|
| 674 | // |
---|
| 675 | // No chemical factor for water-gas |
---|
| 676 | |
---|
| 677 | myFormula = G4String("H_2O") ; |
---|
| 678 | const G4State theState = material->GetState() ; |
---|
| 679 | if( theState == kStateGas && myFormula == chFormula) return false ; |
---|
| 680 | |
---|
| 681 | const size_t numberOfMolecula = 53 ; |
---|
| 682 | |
---|
| 683 | // The coffecient from Table.4 of Ziegler & Manoyan |
---|
| 684 | const G4double HeEff = 2.8735 ; |
---|
| 685 | |
---|
| 686 | static G4String nameOfMol[numberOfMolecula] = { |
---|
| 687 | "H_2O", "C_2H_4O", "C_3H_6O", "C_2H_2", "C_H_3OH", |
---|
| 688 | "C_2H_5OH", "C_3H_7OH", "C_3H_4", "NH_3", "C_14H_10", |
---|
| 689 | "C_6H_6", "C_4H_10", "C_4H_6", "C_4H_8O", "CCl_4", |
---|
| 690 | "CF_4", "C_6H_8", "C_6H_12", "C_6H_10O", "C_6H_10", |
---|
| 691 | "C_8H_16", "C_5H_10", "C_5H_8", "C_3H_6-Cyclopropane","C_2H_4F_2", |
---|
| 692 | "C_2H_2F_2", "C_4H_8O_2", "C_2H_6", "C_2F_6", "C_2H_6O", |
---|
| 693 | "C_3H_6O", "C_4H_10O", "C_2H_4", "C_2H_4O", "C_2H_4S", |
---|
| 694 | "SH_2", "CH_4", "CCLF_3", "CCl_2F_2", "CHCl_2F", |
---|
| 695 | "(CH_3)_2S", "N_2O", "C_5H_10O", "C_8H_6", "(CH_2)_N", |
---|
| 696 | "(C_3H_6)_N","(C_8H_8)_N", "C_3H_8", "C_3H_6-Propylene", "C_3H_6O", |
---|
| 697 | "C_3H_6S", "C_4H_4S", "C_7H_8" |
---|
| 698 | } ; |
---|
| 699 | |
---|
| 700 | static G4double expStopping[numberOfMolecula] = { |
---|
| 701 | 66.1, 190.4, 258.7, 42.2, 141.5, |
---|
| 702 | 210.9, 279.6, 198.8, 31.0, 267.5, |
---|
| 703 | 122.8, 311.4, 260.3, 328.9, 391.3, |
---|
| 704 | 206.6, 374.0, 422.0, 432.0, 398.0, |
---|
| 705 | 554.0, 353.0, 326.0, 74.6, 220.5, |
---|
| 706 | 197.4, 362.0, 170.0, 330.5, 211.3, |
---|
| 707 | 262.3, 349.6, 51.3, 187.0, 236.9, |
---|
| 708 | 121.9, 35.8, 247.0, 292.6, 268.0, |
---|
| 709 | 262.3, 49.0, 398.9, 444.0, 22.91, |
---|
| 710 | 68.0, 155.0, 84.0, 74.2, 254.7, |
---|
| 711 | 306.8, 324.4, 420.0 |
---|
| 712 | } ; |
---|
| 713 | |
---|
| 714 | static G4double expCharge[numberOfMolecula] = { |
---|
| 715 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, |
---|
| 716 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, 1.0, |
---|
| 717 | 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, |
---|
| 718 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, |
---|
| 719 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, |
---|
| 720 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, |
---|
| 721 | HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, |
---|
| 722 | HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, |
---|
| 723 | HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, |
---|
| 724 | 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, HeEff, |
---|
| 725 | HeEff, HeEff, HeEff |
---|
| 726 | } ; |
---|
| 727 | |
---|
| 728 | static G4double numberOfAtomsPerMolecula[numberOfMolecula] = { |
---|
| 729 | 3.0, 7.0, 10.0, 4.0, 6.0, |
---|
| 730 | 9.0, 12.0, 7.0, 4.0, 24.0, |
---|
| 731 | 12.0, 14.0, 10.0, 13.0, 5.0, |
---|
| 732 | 5.0, 14.0, 18.0, 17.0, 17.0, |
---|
| 733 | 24.0, 15.0, 13.0, 9.0, 8.0, |
---|
| 734 | 6.0, 14.0, 8.0, 8.0, 9.0, |
---|
| 735 | 10.0, 15.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.0, |
---|
| 736 | 3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, |
---|
| 737 | 9.0, 3.0, 16.0, 14.0, 3.0, |
---|
| 738 | 9.0, 16.0, 11.0, 9.0, 10.0, |
---|
| 739 | 10.0, 9.0, 15.0 |
---|
| 740 | } ; |
---|
| 741 | |
---|
| 742 | // Search for the compaund in the table |
---|
| 743 | for (size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; i++) |
---|
| 744 | { |
---|
| 745 | if(chFormula == nameOfMol[i]) { |
---|
| 746 | G4double exp125 = expStopping[i] * |
---|
| 747 | (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()) / |
---|
| 748 | (expCharge[i] * numberOfAtomsPerMolecula[i]) ; |
---|
| 749 | SetExpStopPower125(exp125); |
---|
| 750 | return true; |
---|
| 751 | } |
---|
| 752 | } |
---|
| 753 | |
---|
| 754 | return false; |
---|
| 755 | } |
---|
| 756 | |
---|
| 757 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
---|
| 758 | |
---|
| 759 | G4double G4BraggModel::ChemicalFactor(G4double kineticEnergy, |
---|
| 760 | G4double eloss125) const |
---|
| 761 | { |
---|
| 762 | // Approximation of Chemical Factor according to |
---|
| 763 | // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping of ions in compaunds, |
---|
| 764 | // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (1988) 215-228. |
---|
| 765 | |
---|
| 766 | G4double gamma = 1.0 + kineticEnergy/proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
| 767 | G4double gamma25 = 1.0 + 25.0*keV /proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
| 768 | G4double gamma125 = 1.0 + 125.0*keV/proton_mass_c2 ; |
---|
| 769 | G4double beta = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma)) ; |
---|
| 770 | G4double beta25 = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma25*gamma25)) ; |
---|
| 771 | G4double beta125 = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma125*gamma125)) ; |
---|
| 772 | |
---|
| 773 | G4double factor = 1.0 + (expStopPower125/eloss125 - 1.0) * |
---|
| 774 | (1.0 + exp( 1.48 * ( beta125/beta25 - 7.0 ) ) ) / |
---|
| 775 | (1.0 + exp( 1.48 * ( beta/beta25 - 7.0 ) ) ) ; |
---|
| 776 | |
---|
| 777 | return factor ; |
---|
| 778 | } |
---|
| 779 | |
---|
| 780 | //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo...... |
---|
| 781 | |
---|