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6	<title>Networking Activity of the CARE Integrating Activity project</title>
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10
11	<center><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+3><font color="#FF0000">B</font><font color="#000000">eams</font><font color="#FF0000">
12	</font><font color="#000000">for  </font><font color="#FF0000">E</font><font color="#000000">uropean</font></font></font></b>
13	<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+3><font color="#FF0000">N</font><font color="#000000">eutrino
14	</font><font color="#FF0000">E</font><font color="#000000">xperiments</font></font></font></b>
15	<br><b><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=+3><font color="#000000">(</font><font color="#FF0000">BENE</font><font color="#000000">)</font></font></font></b></center>
16
17	<hr width="100%" align="center">
18	<br><font size=+3>Networking Activity:<b> <font color="#FF0000">N4</font></b></font>
19	<br><font size=+3>Topic:<b> <font color="#FF0000">Design of very high intensity
20	neutrino beams</font></b></font>
21	<p><i>Draft last updated 23/01/2003
22	</i>This page prepared by : V. Palladino
23	<br>
24	<hr width="100%">
25	<br><font size=+1>Link to <a href="http://esgard.lal.in2p3.fr/esgard/Project/Activities/Networking/IA_forms">proposal
26	part B</a> form prepared for the IA "Coordinating Accelerator Research
27	in Europe"</font>
28	<br><font size=+1>Link to<b> </b><a href="http://esgard.lal.in2p3.fr/esgard/Project/Activities/Networking/EBNE_info.htm">more
29	information</a> provided on the subjects covered by : N4</font>
30	<br>
31	<hr width="100%">
32	<br><b><font color="#009900"><font size=+2>Description:</font></font></b>
33	<br>
34	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
35	<caption><tbody>
36	<br></tbody></caption>
37
38	<tr>
39	<td><b><font color="#000000">NB Text in Italic should be viewed as preliminary
40	generic text, likely to be replaced soon by a more specific and suitable
41	formulation. </font></b>
42	<p><b><i><font color="#FF0000">Short description meant as an input to
43	Table 2?</font></i></b>
44	<p>The <a href="http://muonstoragerings.web.cern.ch/muonstoragerings/Welcome.html">Working
45	Groups, endorsed by ECFA </a>since 2000 with the mandate to propose and
46	prepare the evolution of European research in the field of neutrino physics
47	beyond the present CNGS, propose to structure themselves as a FP6 Networking
48	Activity where accelerator and particle physicists together and coherently
49	plan the technical effort, by comparing the physics reach of the different
50	approaches while closely monitoring the rapid evolution of the field. <b>We
51	intend to investigate coherently</b>,  defining and preparing
52	the necessary R&D, <b>the main options for  n  infrastructures
53	of superior intensity to be upgraded and/or built</b>.
54	<p>Our preliminary road map can be so outlined. The <b>Neutrino Factory</b>,
55	novel multi-accelerator complex whose final stage is a high energy <font color="#FF0000">m</font>
56	storage & decay ring, promises the ultimate tool for precise study
57	of  <font color="#FF0000">nm  </font>& <font color="#FF0000">ne</font>
58	properties. Its high power p-driver will also offer, however, early on
59	the way,  the possibility of a <b>SuperBeam</b>, a superior <font color="#FF0000">nm</font>
60	beam still based on a conventional p decay tunnel  (as well as of
61	an  unprecedented facility for fundamental  experiments
62	with  slow <font color="#FF0000">m</font>). Later, the road may well
63	include a branch leading to the unique complentary physics reach of the
64	<b>BetaBeam</b>, pure <font color="#FF0000">ne</font>  beam from a
65	high energy b-active ion storage & decay  ring, recently proposed
66	at CERN based on part of its existing accelerator complex. <b>Integrating
67	all the proposed studies, we aim at developping</b>, from the present basic
68	conceptual road map, <b>a true road-map of technical milestones for the
69	realization of a new powerful evolutive European neutrino facility. </b>
70	<p><b><i><font color="#FF0000">Longer description to stay here?</font></i></b>
71	<p><b>The investigation of the properties of neutrinos </b><font color="#FF0000">(n)</font>,
72	70 years after the invention, 46 after the discovery of the ne, 22 after
73	the discovery of the third and so far last nt species, <b>is and will still
74	long be</b> <b>revealing to us fundamental and unique information </b>on
75	the basic nature and texture of fundamental matter.
76	<p>Recent experiments have established transitions in flight of one <font color="#FF0000">n</font>
77	into another, very likely to be oscillations over two independent long
78	baselines (LBL), Thus <font color="#FF0000">n</font> do have non zero mixing
79	rates and non zero masses. The exceptional smallness of the masses points
80	to the existence of new fundamental physics occurring at a very high-energy
81	scale, providing indeed the first experimental opportunity to explore it.
82	The pattern of large mixings is likely to carry the imprint of this new
83	specific physics mechanism and, even more importantly, points to the possibility
84	of a large leptonic CP violation phase. If true, that may be a key ingredient
85	in the understanding of the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe
86	(including the existence of our own physical bodies!), rooting it in a
87	fundamental asymmetry of the mechanism of primordial lepto-genesis by decay
88	of very heavy neutrinos.
89	<p>This opens a field of research which will last several decades, perform
90	the complete mapping of the patterns of masses and mixings and culminate
91	with the discovery of leptonic CP violation. Long baselines  impose
92	very high power, as constraints on the physics at the new scale will come
93	only from good statistics precision measurements. <b>These studies will
94	thus require an important investment in accelerator-based neutrino beams
95	and experiments</b>, improving significantly the present facilities and/or
96	developing new ones. <i>Proposed underground neutrino detector locations,
97	both existing and new, will also need careful scrutiny.</i>
98	<p>The present European program (CNGS) is expected to produce decisive
99	evidence of nutau appearance. It can greatly benefit from R&D towards
100	improved performance. In addition. by the time of his operation, we must
101	have a clear view of the nature, characteristics and logistics of the investments
102	necessary for a further major upgrade of our discovery potential in this
103	sector. We plan to channel
104	<br>all our efforts towards the <b>global strategic objective </b>of submitting,
105	to the  European funding agencies and laboratory director,  <b>a
106	complete Conceptual Design Report (CDR ) of  an upgraded and/or new
107	European neutrino facility by 2008</b>, that appears the earliest conceivable
108	date for new significant investments in an European particle physics program.
109	<p>This Networking Activity on neutrino beams, together with the Design
110	Study that we will soon be also proposing, aims at making such a CDRpossible.<b>
111	We plan to  investigate coherently</b> the requirements posed on accelerators
112	by this long term program of experimental LBLneutrino physics, defining
113	and preparing the R&D necessary for <b>the few main options </b>of
114	future n  beams of unprecedented intensity. Our preliminary road map
115	can be so outlined. The <b>Neutrino Factory</b> (NuFact), novel multi-accelerator
116	complex whose final stage is a high energy <font color="#FF0000">m </font>
117	storage & decay ring, <b>promises the ultimate tool </b>for precise
118	study of<font color="#FF0000"> nm  & ne </font> properties.
119	Its superior reach largely stems from the unprecedented possibilty of accelerating
120	and storing the neutrino parents. Its high power p-driver alone will already
121	offer, however, <b>early on the way, the intermediate physics reach of
122	a SuperBeam, </b>a superior <font color="#FF0000">nm</font> beam still
123	based on a conventional p decay tunel  (as well as of an  unprecedented
124	facility for fundamental  experiments  with  slow <font color="#FF0000">m
125	</font>). <b>Later,</b> the road <b>may </b>well include a<b> branch </b>leading
126	<b>to the unique complentary physics reach of the BetaBeam, </b>pure <font color="#FF0000">ne </font>
127	beam from a high energy b-active ion storage & decay  ring, recently
128	proposed at CERN based on part of its existing accelerator complex.
129	<p>Some of the techniques involved in producing such proton, pion, muon
130	and radioactive ion beams are used at present while some are still at the
131	conceptual stage. Problems related to delivering and sustaining high power,
132	collect efficiently pions, muons or ions in very severe environment, reduce
133	their phase space, accelerate and store them will have to be tackled.
134	<i>To this end, we propose </i>
135	<p><i>q    a systematic investigation of the various accelerator
136	options mentioned above, </i>
137	<br><i>q    a study of their technical limitations and </i>
138	<br><i>q    a study of their comparative merit and physics
139	reach. </i>
140	<p>This will be necessary in all the sectors of our effort, where often
141	equally promising  but different solutions are being pursued. Most
142	striking example, perhaps, are  the approaches to the problem
143	<br>of the large emittance of the muons emerging from the first stages
144	("front end") of a NuFact. European and American preliminary baseline designs
145	both thrive on  ionization cooling (though with two significantly
146	different schemes, 88 and 200 MHz respectively), while the Japanese scheme
147	relies on little or no cooling, by means of a cascade of  very large
148	aperture (Fixed Field Alternated Gradient) accelerators.
149	<p><i>The possibility to upgrade the present accelerators as well as the
150	development of new facilities will be studied, the critical issues will
151	be identified and attempt to propose solutions which can be supported by
152	accelerator R&D will be made</i>.<b> Integrating all the proposed studies,
153	we aim at developping</b>, from the present basic conceptual road map,
154	<b>a true road-map of technical milestones for the realization of a new
155	powerful evolutive European neutrino facility. </b>
156	<p><i>Such a coherent and coordinated European program on neutrino beams
157	will involve the large majority of the European experts in this field and
158	will allow Europe to play a world leader role. It will enhance considerably
159	the collaboration between accelerator physicists on the one hand and will
160	develop a synergy between particle physicists and accelerator physicists
161	on the other, ensuring the long-term sustainability of the field.</i>
162	<p>Very limited resources are presently available in Europe for accelerator
163	neutrino physics. The LHC crisis appears to inevitably imply reduced support
164	from the European agencies, even to the approved CNGS program. <b>Decisive
165	added  value would result, from </b>the <b>EC support </b>that we
166	are requesting here, <b>to the strategic goal of producing a timely European
167	initiative and leadership in the fondamental area of neutrino science</b>.
168	This applies both to this Networking Activity and to R&D Projects.
169	Among those,  HIPPI, proposed within this I, and MICE, entering soon
170	its final design phase, appear as the natural continuation of the R&D
171	projects (MUSCAT, HARP and the first BNL-CERN target experiment) that,
172	as ECFA Muon Study Groups, we have initiated in the recent past. </td>
173	</tr>
174	</table>
175
176	<p><b><font color="#009900"><font size=+2>Objectives and Work Packages:</font></font></b>
177	<br>
178	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
179	<caption><tbody>
180	<br></tbody></caption>
181
182	<tr>
183	<td>The practical implementation of the program will be carried out by
184	forming <b>the following specific working groups.</b>
185	<br><i>A few words about Management and Communications should be inserted
186	here?</i>
187	<ol>
188	<li>
189	<b>Physics demands on neutrino accelerator facilities</b><i> </i>Coordinator:
190	<b>M. Mezzetto(Padova)  </b>shortname: <b>PHYSICS</b> </li>
191
192	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
193	<caption><tbody>
194	<br></tbody></caption>
195
196	<tr>
197	<td VALIGN=TOP>
198	<ul>
199	<li>
200	Monitor the development of the field of <font color="#FF0000">n</font>-physics
201	(SNO, Kamland, K2K and further) and identify the most rewarding experimental
202	and technical strategy</li>
203
204	<li>
205	Evaluate the impact on physics of <font color="#FF0000">n</font> beam characteristics
206	(neutrino energy, baseline, flux, energy spread, beam emittance, timing)
207	for different type of beam (Superbeam, Neutrino Factory, Betabeam).
208	Define a strategy of successive measurements in the differentbeams capable
209	of a complete mapping of the mixing matrix overcoming ambiguities, correlations
210	& degeneracies. </li>
211	</ul>
212
213	<ul>
214	<li>
215	Identify realistic and concrete future options building on existing or
216	planned european accelerator facilities and undergound neutrino detector
217	laboratories (LNGS, Frejus etc). </li>
218
219	<li>
220	Keep other interesting physics in view; in particular foster the design
221	of a new high intensity slow muon facility <b>A. V. der Schaaf (Zurich)</b>
222	is the <i>proposed </i>coordinator of this subset of the effort.<font color="#CC33CC">........................
223	all this is being  properly reformulated by the Coordinator
224	......</font> <a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
225	detailed text from him WILL ALSO SOON BE available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a> </li>
226	</ul>
227	</td>
228	</tr>
229	</table>
230
231	<li>
232	<b>Present neutrino facilities: CNGS and its upgrades</b><i> Proposed </i>Coordinator:<b>
233	A. Guglielmi (Padova) </b> <i>proposed </i>shortname: <b>CNGS</b>
234	<b>............ NOT REALLY SURE YET TO EXIST....      </b>   </li>
235
236	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
237	<caption><tbody>
238	<br></tbody></caption>
239
240	<tr>
241	<td VALIGN=TOP>
242	<ul>
243	<li>
244	Assess the gains in proton intensity achievable  from R&D projects
245	being started (the HIPPI Joint Research Project and possibly more) </li>
246
247	<li>
248	Assess the ultimate limitations of the proton intensity available to the
249	CNGS </li>
250
251	<li>
252	Explore other possible improvements in production & collection of the
253	secondary beam capable to further enhance also the neutrino yield per proton </li>
254
255	<li>
256	Achieve a consensus on the optimal  tuning of the beam,  including
257	the one suitable for future searches of the subdominant transition leading
258	to nue appearance </li>
259
260	<li>
261	Establish the nature, characteristics and logistics of the investments
262	necessary for a further major  upgrade of the facilitiy<font color="#CC33CC">..................
263	all this will eventually be properly reformulated by the Coordinator
264	......</font></li>
265	</ul>
266	</td>
267	</tr>
268	</table>
269
270	<li>
271	<b>High Power proton drivers</b> Coordinator:<b> P. Debu (CEA) </b>shortname:
272	<b>DRIVER</b> </li>
273
274	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
275	<caption><tbody>
276	<br></tbody></caption>
277
278	<tr>
279	<td VALIGN=TOP>
280	<ul>
281	<li>
282	Perform the studies of the several critical elements demanded for R&D
283	towards high intensity proton drivers:
284	a reliable intense source of H- ions,
285	a very fast beam chopper to select the bunches to be injected inside the
286	following synchrotron buckets,
287	the various accelerating structures, drift tube linacs, hybrid drift tube
288	linacs, coupled cavities, side coupled linacs, low b superconducting structures,
289	the RF system
290	the high intensity beam diagnostics and a very precise beam dynamics simulation
291	code to estimate the beam halo and losses </li>
292
293	<li>
294	Share the expertise among the various laboratories and establish a common
295	R&D strategy</li>
296
297	<li>
298	Assess and disseminate the results of the Joint Research Project on High
299	Intensity Pulsed Proton Injectors (HIPPI) which is proposed within this
300	IA (I3). </li>
301
302	<li>
303	Progress on the conceptual design of  a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron
304	ring alternative and/or complementary to Superconducting Proton Linac
305	<font color="#CC33CC">.................. all this is to be revised, refined
306	and finalized  by the Coordinator  .</font><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
307	detailed text from him available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a></li>
308	</ul>
309	</td>
310	</tr>
311	</table>
312
313	<li>
314	<b>High power targets (concept, materials, installations)</b> Coordinator<b>
315	R.Bennett (RAL)  </b>shortname: <b>TARGET</b> </li>
316
317	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
318	<caption><tbody>
319	<br></tbody></caption>
320
321	<tr>
322	<td>
323	<ul>
324	<li>
325	Review the oustandingly severe technical problems in dissipating high power
326	densities in targets for the proposed neutrino factories 1)  effective
327	heat removal  2) sustainability of  severe pulsing shock waves
328	3) operation in large B field  4) integration in densely packed general
329	layout 5) guarantee of safety in operation, maintenance & disposal </li>
330
331	<li>
332	Review merits & limitations of main leading technologies (molten metal
333	jet or contained flow, tantalum spheres,  rotating bands ... ), none
334	yet conclusively shown to work. Explore all new emerging options. </li>
335
336	<li>
337	Define an R&D roadmap towards solutions capable to overcome limitations,
338	actively liasing with similar efforts for pulsed neutron facilities and
339	radioactive beam facilities, in Europe, the USA and Japan .</li>
340
341	<li>
342	Form R&D project collaborations aiming at proving realistic, safe and
343	economic feasibility of one or more option.  NB the target sector
344	apperas as the one most dangerous potential show stopper at the moment!
345	<font color="#CC33CC">.................. all this is to be revised, refined
346	and finalized  by the Coordinator  .</font>  <a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
347	detailed text from him available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a></li>
348	</ul>
349	</td>
350	</tr>
351	</table>
352
353	<li>
354	<b>High power collection systems (horns, solenoids, etc)</b><i>  </i>Coordinator<b>
355	J. E. Campagne (LAL) </b><i> </i>shortname: <b>COLLECTOR</b> </li>
356
357	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
358	<caption><tbody>
359	<br></tbody></caption>
360
361	<tr>
362	<td>
363	<ul>
364	<li>
365	Compare focusing and collection capabilities of the few main options of
366	collection systems, as simulated by the few main existing codes</li>
367
368	<li>
369	Conduct simulation of  thermal and mechanical stresses of the collection
370	system to define the critical points </li>
371
372	<li>
373	Study limitations of the present technologies, consequences of high power
374	dissipation in targets for the design of collection systems</li>
375
376	<li>
377	Study resistance of different materials proposed  for collectors operating
378	under severe radiation condition</li>
379
380	<li>
381	Study the cooling system to limit the operating temperature of the alloy </li>
382
383	<li>
384	Estimate reliably  lifetime expectations under unprecedented operation
385	conditions (highly radioactive enviroments at high repetetition rate). </li>
386
387	<li>
388	Define, in collaboration with the TARGET team,  a viable solution
389	to all the integration problems imposed by the need of locating the target
390	inside the collector</li>
391
392	<li>
393	form R&D projects and establish collaborations for the design and test
394	of horns and other collection systems, as they are likely to evolve to
395	cope with increasingly severe conditions, from the present conventional
396	beams up to full power neutrino factories </li>
397
398	<li>
399	<a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
400	detailed text from him available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a></li>
401	</ul>
402	</td>
403	</tr>
404	</table>
405
406	<li>
407	<b>Muon Front End (ionization cooling , phase rotatiion etc ) </b>Coordinator:<b>
408	R. Edgecock (RAL)   </b>shortname: <b>COOLING</b> </li>
409
410	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
411	<caption><tbody>
412	<br></tbody></caption>
413
414	<tr>
415	<td VALIGN=TOP>
416	<ul>
417	<li>
418	Develop the baseline European  design of the muon front end, including
419	more realistic RF and B fields and engineering context.</li>
420
421	<li>
422	Investigate alternative front end designs, ranging from extended (cooling
423	rings) to no application of cooling. </li>
424
425	<li>
426	Establish, through detailed simulation,  plans for additional experiments
427	in MICE beyond its baseline plans</li>
428
429	<li>
430	Assess the potential of MICE as a general tool to measure emittance reduction
431	of  a variety of front end designs. </li>
432
433	<li>
434	Outline the road map for assessing muon front ends and defining the R&D
435	towards the realization of one</li>
436
437	<li>
438	Consolidate the links with the front end R&D geoups  in US and
439	Japan <font color="#CC33CC">.......................   all this
440	is to be revised, refined and finalized  by the Coordinator
441	.</font>  <a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
442	detailed text from him available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a></li>
443	</ul>
444	</td>
445	</tr>
446	</table>
447
448	<li>
449	<b>Beta-beams R&D (ion sources, acceleration, storage)</b><i> </i>Coordinator:
450	<b>M. Lindroos(CERN)  </b>shortname: <b>BETABEAM</b> </li>
451
452	<table BORDER CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 WIDTH="100%" >
453	<caption><tbody>
454	<br></tbody></caption>
455
456	<tr>
457	<td VALIGN=TOP>
458	<ul>
459	<li>
460	A "green field" study of a betabeam facility to establish limits imposed
461	by using existing facilities and to create a site independent alternative </li>
462
463	<li>
464	A R&D roadmap including preparation (or execution, where possible)
465	of R&D project collaborations, like
466	1) target development studies at ISOLDE with possible tests at ISAC with
467	high intensity proton beam
468	2) pre-acceleration, accumulation and storage studies at existing facilities
469	(TSL in Uppsala, ESR at GSI, LEIR at CERN)
470	3) low intensity test (in the SPS ? ) of the high energy accumulation scheme
471	using stable ions</li>
472
473	<li>
474	Preparation of a proposal for a Design Study of all different parts of
475	a complete beta beam facility.      <font color="#CC33CC">.......................
476	all this is to be revised, refined and finalized  by the Coordinator
477	.</font>  <a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/Network,%20TARGETS.doc"><font color="#993399">more
478	detailed text from him available her</font><font color="#CC33CC">e.</font></a> </li>
479	</ul>
480	</td>
481	</tr>
482	</table>
483	</ol>
484	</td>
485	</tr>
486	</table>
487
488	<p><b><font color="#009900"><font size=+2>Contracting Participants:</font></font></b>
489	<br>
490	<table BORDER COLS=5 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
491	<caption><tbody>
492	<br></tbody></caption>
493
494	<tr>
495	<td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="6"><b>Participant number</b></td>
496
497	<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>Organisation name </b>
498	<br> <b>(and short name)</b></td>
499
500	<td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="6"><b>Local responsible</b> <b>and team members,
501	number of FTE (incl. associated members)</b></td>
502
503	<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>Interests, expertise </b> <b>(and relevant WPs)</b></td>
504
505	<td ALIGN=CENTER><b>Associated members (short names, total number of FTE)</b></td>
506	</tr>
507
508	<tr>
509	<td ALIGN=CENTER>1  (co-ordinator)</td>
510
511	<td ALIGN=CENTER>Sezione
512	<br>INFN
513	<br> Napoli, Italy
514	<br><b>(INFN-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font></b>)</td>
515
516	<td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="6">Vittorio.Palladino@napoli.infn.it
517	<br><font color="#3366FF"><a href="NAComposition">>8  scientists,
518	>0,7 FTE</a></font></td>
519
520	<td><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Organization co-ordinating
521	a consortium of physicists fr<font size=-1>om Italian Universities and
522	Sezioni INFN (see Table below) contributing long term expertise in the
523	field of neutrino physics, experiments & beams (design, detailed simulation,
524	operation and analysis of their data), involved in several major R&D
525	projects in progress (HARP,MICE). It will contribute  to  the
526	<b>general </b>steering </font></font><font size=-1>and to the <b>PHYSICS,
527	COLLECTOR, COOLING and BETABEAM</b> WPs</font></td>
528
529	<td ALIGN=CENTER><font color="#3366FF">Padova, Genova, Legnaro, Milano
530	and possibly more</font>
531	<br> </td>
532	</tr>
533
534	<tr>
535	<td ALIGN=CENTER>2</td>
536
537	<td>
538	<center> Laboratori. Nazionali
539	<br>INFN, Frascati, Italy
540	<br>(<b>LNF</b>)</center>
541	</td>
542
543	<td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="6">Michele.Castellano or
544	<br>Mauro.Migliorati@lnf.infn.it
545	<br><font color="#3366FF"><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">3
546	scientists, 0,6 FTE</a></font>
547	<br> </td>
548
549	<td>T<font size=-1>he Laboratory will contribute to the studies of <b>COOLING
550	</b>techniques both theoretical (simulation, design) and experimental (measurements
551	of emittances) as well as to the <b>general </b>steering <i>(and to the
552	<b>PHYSICS </b></i></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2><i>WP</i>').</font></font></td>
553
554	<td ALIGN=CENTER>
555	<br> </td>
556	</tr>
557
558	<tr>
559	<td ALIGN=CENTER>3
560	<br> </td>
561
562	<td ALIGN=CENTER>CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
563	<br><b>(CERN)</b></td>
564
565	<td ALIGN=CENTER WIDTH="6">Helmut.Haseroth@cern.ch
566	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">12
567	scientists, 1,75 FTE</a></td>
568
569	<td><font size=-1>The Laboratory has made together with other European
570	labs a feasibility study for a Neutrino Factory and is currently building
571	the next European neutrino beam (CNGS). It will provide expertise and some
572	leadership in the R&D for a neutrino factory in general and specifically
573	in target technology. Theoretical and experimental among the users physicists
574	will be contributing leading expertise in the field of neutrino physics,
575	experiments & beams and promotion of betabeam studies. Depending on
576	the requirements excellent test beams may be available. <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">It
577	will contribute  to  the <b>general </b>steering </font>and to
578	the <b>TARGET, COLLECTOR, COOLING, BETABEAM</b></font> <font size=-1>WPs</font>
579	<i><font size=-1>and  probably more</font></i>. </td>
580
581	<td ALIGN=CENTER></td>
582	</tr>
583
584	<tr>
585	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
586	<br>
587	<p>4
588	<br> </td>
589
590	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Univ. of Geneva,  Geneva, Switzerland
591	<br><b>(CH-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b>
592	<br> </td>
593
594	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Alain.Blondel@unige.ch or Andre.Rubbia@cern.ch
595	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">2
596	scientists, ? FTE</a></td>
597
598	<td VALIGN=TOP><font size=-1>Organization coordinating a consortium of
599	physicists from Swiss Universities (including ETH and Zurich) contributing
600	long term expertise in the field of neutrino physics, experiments &
601	beams (design, detailed simulation, operation and analysis of their data),
602	expertise in horn technology and in the field of intense low energy muon
603	beams and leadership in the experimental studies of muon ionisation cooling,.
604	It will contribute to  the <b>general </b>steering and to the <b>PHYSICS,
605	TARGET, HORN, COOLING </b>WPs <i>and  probably more</i></font>.</td>
606
607	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
608	<p><font color="#3366FF">Zurich, ETH?,      NSBRK?</font>
609	<br> </td>
610	</tr>
611
612	<tr>
613	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
614	<br>5
615	<br> </td>
616
617	<td VALIGN=TOP>
618	<center>Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
619	<br><b>(PSI</b>)</center>
620	</td>
621
622	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Knud.Thomsen@psi.ch
623	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">2
624	scientists, 0,2 FTE</a></td>
625
626	<td VALIGN=TOP>The Laboratory operates the highest power proton machine
627	presently available and can <font size=-1>contribute long term expertise
628	in most sectors. It will specifically contribute to the <b>general </b>steering
629	and to the studies of <b>TARGET </b>technologies. </font></td>
630
631	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP></td>
632	</tr>
633
634	<tr>
635	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
636	<p>6</td>
637
638	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot,UK
639	<br><b>(CCLRC)</b></td>
640
641	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">P.R.Norton@rl.ac.uk or  K.Peach@rl.ac.uk
642	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">?
643	scientists, ? FTE</a></td>
644
645	<td VALIGN=TOP>T<font size=-1>he Laboratory will contribute to the studies
646	towards a Neutrino factory in general, and specifically to studies of proton
647	drivers and targets. It is providing the home and the technical and human
648	resources to make experimental studies of muon ionisation cooling possible.
649	<i><font color="#FF0000">Infrastructure providing access?</font></i> It
650	will contribute to the <b>general </b>steeering and to the  <b>PHYSICS,
651	DRIVER, TARGET, COOLING </b>WPs <i>and probably more ....</i> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"> <i>
652	</i></font><i><font color="#3366FF">to be revised by the local responsible</font></i></font></td>
653
654	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><font color="#3366FF"> all the UK Universities?</font>
655	<p><font color="#3366FF">ITEP?</font>
656	<br>
657	<br> </td>
658	</tr>
659
660	<tr>
661	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
662	<p>7</td>
663
664	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Imperial College, London, UK
665	<br>   <b>(UK-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b></td>
666
667	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Kenneth.Long@ic.ac.uk
668	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">?
669	scientists, ? FTE</a>
670	<br> </td>
671
672	<td VALIGN=TOP>Organization coordinating a consortium of physicists from
673	UK Universities, including Oxford <i>and who else?,</i> contributing long
674	term expertise in the field of neutrino physics, experiments & beams),
675	involved in most major R&D projects in progress (HARP, MUSCAT, MICE).<font size=-1>
676	It will contribute to  the <b>general </b>steeering and to the
677	<b>PHYSICS, DRIVER, TARGET, COOLING </b>WPs <i>and probably more.</i> <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">
678	</font><i><font color="#3366FF">to be revised by the local responsible</font></i></font></td>
679
680	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><font color="#3366FF"> Oxford? A few more?</font>
681	<br> </td>
682	</tr>
683
684	<tr>
685	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
686	<br>8
687	<br> </td>
688
689	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Forschungszentrum, Julich, Germany
690	<br><b>(FZJ)</b></td>
691
692	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">g.bauer@fz-juelich.de
693	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">?
694	scientists, ? FTE</a></td>
695
696	<td VALIGN=TOP>The Laboratory will contribute to the <b>general </b>steering
697	and to studies of <b>TARGET </b>technologies<font size=-1> <i><font color="#3366FF">to
698	be revised by the local responsible</font></i></font></td>
699
700	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
701	<br> </td>
702	</tr>
703
704	<tr>
705	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
706	<br>9</td>
707
708	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>GSI (Gesellshaft fur Schwerionenforschung)
709	<br>Darmstadt, Germany
710	<br><b>(GSI)</b></td>
711
712	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">B.Franzke@gsi.de
713	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">5
714	scientists, 0,5 FTE</a></td>
715
716	<td VALIGN=TOP>The Laboratory will contribute to the studies of beam dynamics
717	in general, high intensity phenomena, beam stability<font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2>.
718	Main interest is in the <b>general </b>steering and  in the <b>BETABEAM
719	</b>WP. ... </font><i><font color="#3366FF"><font size=-1>to be revised
720	by the local responsible</font></font></i></font></td>
721
722	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP></td>
723	</tr>
724
725	<tr>
726	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
727	<br>10</td>
728
729	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Technical University Muenchen, Germany
730	<br> <b>(D-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b></td>
731
732	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Manfred.Lindner@ph.tu-muenchen.de
733	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">5
734	scientists, 2,05 FTE</a></td>
735
736	<td VALIGN=TOP><font size=-1>Organization grouping around it a consortium
737	of physicists from Germany Universities, <i>including Dortmund</i>, contributing
738	long term expertise in the field of neutrino <i>and muon  </i>physics
739	and experiments.  It will contribute to the <b>general </b>steering
740	and studies of the <b>PHYSICS </b>potential of future long baseline experiments.
741	The studies aim at guiding the exploration, planning and construction of
742	conceivable setups by identifying the capabilities and the crucial components
743	and limitations.</font></td>
744
745	<td VALIGN=TOP>
746	<i>Dortmund? </i></td>
747	</tr>
748
749	<tr>
750	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
751	<br>11
752	<br> </td>
753
754	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
755	<br>CEA/DSM/DAPNIA, Saclay, France (CEA)
756	<br> <b>(CEA)</b></td>
757
758	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">pascal.debu@cea.fr
759	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">17
760	scientists, 2,0 FTE</a></td>
761
762	<td VALIGN=TOP><font size=-1>The laboratory will mostly contribute to the
763	studies of high power proton <b>DRIVERs </b>especially the low energy end,
764	but also to <b>general </b>steering, to the definition of the <b>PHYSICS
765	</b>demands on neutrino accelerator facilities, the <b>COLLECTOR </b>systems,
766	the <b>COOLING </b>effort and the <b>BETABEAM </b>R&D.</font></td>
767
768	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
769	<br> </td>
770	</tr>
771
772	<tr>
773	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
774	<p>12
775	<br> </td>
776
777	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
778	<br>IN2P3, France
779	<br><b>(IN2P3-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b></td>
780
781	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Stavros.Katsanevas@admin.in2p3.fr
782	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">9
783	scientists, 2,35 FTE</a></td>
784
785	<td VALIGN=TOP><font size=-1>The Institut will coordinate a consortium
786	including physicists from French CNRS Labs and Universities (LAL, IPN Lyon,
787	LPNHE Paris VI&VII) contributing long term expertise in the field of
788	neutrino <b>PHYSICS, </b>experiments &  beams. It expects then
789	to contribute to the <b>general </b>steering and provide technical expertise
790	in the field of <b>COLLECTOR </b>technologies and of  <b>BETABEAM
791	</b>design studies. </font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2>...
792	</font><i><font color="#3366FF"><font size=-1>to be revised by the local
793	responsible</font></font></i></font></td>
794
795	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><font color="#3366FF"> IPN Lyon, LAL,
796	LNPHE Paris 6&7</font></td>
797	</tr>
798
799	<tr>
800	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
801	<p>13</td>
802
803	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Univ. of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
804	<br> <b>(E-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b></td>
805
806	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Federico.Sanchez@ifae.es
807	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">?
808	scientists, ? FTE</a></td>
809
810	<td VALIGN=TOP>Organization coordinating a consortium of physicists from
811	Spanish contributing long term expertise in the field of neutrino <b>PHYSICS
812	</b>experiments & beams, involved in major R&D projects in progress
813	(HARP). This consortium  provides recognized leadership in the <b>general
814	</b>steering and identification of the physics reach of future neutrino
815	facilities. <font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2>...
816	</font><i><font color="#3366FF"><font size=-1>to be revised by the local
817	responsible</font></font></i></font></td>
818
819	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><font color="#3366FF"> Valencia? Madrid? </font></td>
820	</tr>
821
822	<tr>
823	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>
824	<br>14
825	<br> </td>
826
827	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Univ. Catholique, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
828	<br> <b>(B-<font color="#FF0000">nu</font>)</b></td>
829
830	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP WIDTH="6">Ghislain.Gregoire@cern.ch
831	<br><a href="../../C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Administrator/Documenti/copia%20condivisa%20su%20pcpalladino2/EU%20application/NAComposition">3
832	scientists, 0,6 FTE</a></td>
833
834	<td VALIGN=TOP>Organization coordinating a consortium of physicists from
835	universities and laboratories from Benelux, contributing long term expertise
836	in the field of neutrino physics, experiments & beams, involved in
837	major R&D projects in progress (HARP, MICE) expected to contribute
838	to the <b>general </b>steering, to  the <font color="#000000"><b>COOLING
839	</b>and the <b>BETABEAM </b><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2>WP,
840	where </font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times"><font size=-1>it
841	holds extensive experience in ion sources and in production of radioactive
842	ion beams (6He,  13N, 18Ne, 18F,...)</font></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size=-2>
843	... </font><i><font color="#3366FF"><font size=-1>to be revised by the
844	local responsible</font></font></i></font></td>
845
846	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP><font color="#3366FF"> Bruxelles? NIKHEF? </font></td>
847	</tr>
848	</table>
849
850	<br>
851	<br>
852	<h2>
853	<b><font color="#009900"><font size=+2>Associated Members:</font></font></b></h2>
854
855	<table BORDER COLS=4 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
856	<caption><tbody>
857	<br></tbody></caption>
858
859	<tr>
860	<td><b>Organisation name </b>
861	<br><b>(and short name)</b></td>
862
863	<td><b>Local responsible and team members, number of FTE</b></td>
864
865	<td><b>Interests, expertise </b>
866	<br><b>(and relevant WPs)</b></td>
867
868	<td><b>Associated to:</b>
869	<br>(participant short name)</td>
870	</tr>
871
872	<tr>
873	<td>Sezione INFN Genoa, Italy
874	<br>Sezione INFN Padova, Italy
875	<br>Lab. Naz. INFN Legnaro, INFN
876	<br>Sezione INFN Milano, Italy
877	<br>and probably more will  join
878	<br>
879	<p><i> but what if INFN were just one organization? </i></td>
880
881	<td>Pasquale Fabbricatore  3 scientists, ? FTE's
882	<br>Mauro Mezzetto         >1 scientist,
883	? FTE's
884	<br>Ugo Gastaldi
885	1 scientist, ? FTE
886	<br>Maurizio Bonesini        1 scientist,
887	? FTE
888	<br>
889	<br>
890	<br>
891	<br> </td>
892
893	<td>general, COLLECT, COOLING
894	<br>general, PHYSICS, BETABEAM
895	<br>general, DRIVING, COOLING
896	<br>general, PHYSICS
897	<br>
898	<br>
899	<br>
900	<br> </td>
901
902	<td> INFN-nu</td>
903	</tr>
904
905	<tr>
906	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
907
908	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
909
910	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
911
912	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
913	</tr>
914
915	<tr>
916	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
917
918	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
919
920	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
921
922	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
923	</tr>
924
925	<tr>
926	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
927
928	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
929
930	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
931
932	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
933	</tr>
934
935	<tr>
936	<td>ITEP, Moscow, Russia
937	<br>(ITEP)</td>
938
939	<td ALIGN=CENTER>Boris.Sharkov@itep.ru
940	<br><font color="#3366FF">and here?</font></td>
941
942	<td> The Laboratory will contribute to the studies of beam dynamics
943	and RF technology NB As any Russian institute this can only be a
944	partner,  not  a participant. Groups of  Russian particle
945	physicists may be associated in similar way.</td>
946
947	<td> RAL?</td>
948	</tr>
949
950	<tr>
951	<td>Novosibirsk, Russia
952	<br>( NSBRSK )</td>
953
954	<td ALIGN=CENTER>A.N.Skrinsky@inp.nsk.su
955	<br><font color="#3366FF">and here?</font></td>
956
957	<td>The Laboratory will contribute to the studies of RF technology, superconducting
958	magnets, general accelerator technology. NB As any Russian instituts this
959	can only be a  partner,  not  a participant.  Groups
960	of  Russian particle physicists may be associated in similar way.</td>
961
962	<td> CH-n?</td>
963	</tr>
964
965	<tr>
966	<td> US Muon Collider & NuFact Collaboration</td>
967
968	<td ALIGN=CENTER>S. Geer, spokesman,
969	<br> Fermilab, USA </td>
970
971	<td>We expect from contacts and synergy with the sister US Neutrino Factory
972	Collaboration contributions of widest general scope aa well as significant
973	technical  impact on the work of all WPs. </td>
974
975	<td>Coordinating Organization?</td>
976	</tr>
977
978	<tr>
979	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Japanese Nufact-J Collaboration </td>
980
981	<td ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=TOP>Y. Kuno, spokesman,
982	<br>Univ. of Osaka,
983	<br>Japan </td>
984
985	<td VALIGN=TOP>We expect from contacts and synergy with the sister NuFact
986	J Collaboration contributions of widest general scope aa well as significant
987	technical  impact on the work of all WPs. </td>
988
989	<td VALIGN=TOP>Coordinating Organization?</td>
990	</tr>
991
992	<tr>
993	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
994
995	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
996
997	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
998
999	<td VALIGN=TOP></td>
1000	</tr>
1001	</table>
1002
1003	<h2>
1004	<font color="#009900">Deliverables and relevant milestones:</font></h2>
1005
1006	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1007	<caption><tbody>
1008	<br></tbody></caption>
1009
1010	<tr>
1011	<td><b>Describe the results expected from the NA, in terms of achieved
1012	designs, solutions to problems, etc..</b>.
1013	<p> .....  specify the  deliverables  ......
1014	<p>The expected outcome of the NA will consist of technical notes, articles,
1015	reports, proceedings of workshops and meetings devoted to the solve (or
1016	prepare solution of) all problems necessary to launch in the shortest possible
1017	time complete conceptual design studies of a realistic option for each
1018	of the three mentioned types of future neutrino source.
1019	<p>NB More work needed, considering that the main delivrables of a NA are
1020	described by the EC as
1021	<br> -the organization of general meetings, workshops or specialized
1022	meeting with corresponding proceedings. Normally, the general meetings
1023	are meant to identify limitations, establish the state-of-the-art and share
1024	expertise, workshops and specialized meetings are meant to study particular
1025	issues.
1026	<br>Important deliverables will be also
1027	<br>-reports on comparative studies,
1028	<br>- development of roadmaps,
1029	<br>- definitions of joint research projects for which EU funding could
1030	be requested at a later stage.
1031	<br>Other delivrables could be
1032	<br>- the definition and selection of common protocols, for example for
1033	portability of software
1034	<br>-  databases
1035	<br>-  simulation codes and their maintenance.
1036	<br>In any case, a detailed plan of the activities for the 18 first months
1037	with clear objectives and delivrables should be proposed and the longer-term
1038	perspectives should be explicited.
1039	<br>A proposal for full Technical Design Study can also be given as a deliverable.
1040	<p>.....<font color="#CC66CC"> to be done largely by the 7 coordinators
1041	first </font>and then in collegially by   the NA SG  ...
1042	for now, excerpts from contributions from Coordinators are being collected
1043	below
1044	<p><b>PHYSICS</b>
1045	<br><b>CNGS </b>?
1046	<br><b>DRIVER.</b>
1047	<br>Meetings will be held regularly (about once every 2 months) to discuss
1048	progresses, and a general workshop once a year is foreseen. Proceedings
1049	will be published describing the results obtained and the strategy to further
1050	develop the R&D topics. The broadening of expertise within the network
1051	will allow a better definition of technological developments to be undergone.
1052	The creation and maintenance of a website will facilitate the sharing of
1053	information.
1054	<br>Another important topic of the meetings and workshops will be a prospective
1055	to further extend the possible applications of such high intensity proton
1056	drivers in other physics domains and for practical applications. This would
1057	be an extra bonus to the R&D pursued within the HIPPI JRP. In addition,
1058	the regular publication of reports is a quality insurance of the JRPs.
1059	<br><b>TARGET </b>The main oustanding expected deliverable is a consensus
1060	on the best way forward for the successful construction of targets for
1061	a European Neutrino Factory. Individual deliverables are expected to be
1062	1) a comprehensive summary report, reviewing the present status 2) solidly
1063	rooted links with the presently loosely tied existing world wide expertise
1064	3) establishment in Europe of the best possible up-to-date and durable
1065	knowledge base of world wide activities in target development 4) careful
1066	& structured dissemination of information and progress 4) detailed
1067	investigation and documentation of the possible solutions of the limitations
1068	of each of the technological options 5) expression of interest and proposals
1069	of  detailed and realistic R&D projects capable to prove the solutions
1070	<br><b>COLLECTOR</b> The main expected deliverable is a comprehensive final
1071	report on horn designs, proposing multiple specific solutions respectivelly
1072	adequate to performance and lifetime requirements in a classical beam,
1073	a superbeam and ultimately in a neutrino factories.This will be based on
1074	detailed thermo-mechanical simulations, complete technical specification
1075	of electric supply and discharge equipment and state-of -the art knowledge
1076	of mechanical properties of alloys under high rate neutron irradiation.
1077	It will include specific solutions to the choices ( of material for the
1078	collection device, of machining, soldering and assembling techniques, of
1079	heat removal and cooling system) necessary to achieve a lifetime
1080	of 200 M pulses or more, as well as to the problems of real life integration
1081	of horn and target and of  periodic replacement of either or both
1082	after 200 M pulses, in the average.
1083	<br><b>COOLING </b>Main deliverables are 0) Formation of a European muon
1084	front end network , with consolidated link with US and Japan 1) Determination
1085	of the performance of the European  design incorporating realistic
1086	fields and real engineerization. 2) Simulation of cooling free  front
1087	ends in  comparison with our baseline; quantitative appraisal
1088	of  the indispensability of cooling 3) Simulation of front ends based
1089	on cooling rings 4)Assessment of the technologies required by <i>1)2) &
1090	3)</i> and of  their feasibility 5) Proposal of a coherent R&D
1091	program as a result of this assessment 6) Determination of the resolution
1092	of MICE (in the measurement of emittance and emittance reduction) and of
1093	its potential beyond its baseline measurements plans
1094	<br><b>BETABEAM</b>
1095	<br>We aims at a team including RAL, TSL in Uppsala, GSI, GANIL, INFN Legnaro
1096	associating TRIUMF and FermiLab. Its expected deliverables in the first
1097	18 months are
1098	<br>1) Meeting at GSI in September 2003: Follow up of Moriond in March
1099	and discussions on possible synergy with the future GSI design study.2)
1100	International workshop on a beta-beam facility in June 2004 3) Theoretical
1101	study and appraisal of experimental tests of longitudinal stacking scheme
1102	for the decay ring (in the CERN PS) 4) Computer simulation and theoretical
1103	study of losses in the decay ring 5) Proposal for targets to be tested
1104	for the production of suitable beta-beam isotopes 6) Study of cyclotron
1105	injection into a storage ring using a charge injection scheme (TSL and
1106	Triumf)
1107	<br>7) Study of dynamic aperture in the SPS (RAL)
1108	<br>A comprehensive report, "Ideas for a beta-beam facility", would conclude
1109	the first 18 months  Further meetings would be held at least once
1110	a year but it will depend on a possible design study. Reports will be delivered
1111	as conference papers and as CERN reports. The next stage would be a conceptual
1112	design report but the likely date for that would heavily depend on a possible
1113	design study.
1114	<br>Only fresh resources, presently unavailable, would evidently permit
1115	us to address a larger number of issues such as: lattice for decay ring
1116	and storage ring, optics for transfer lines and injection line, full simulation
1117	of stacking scheme, full simulation of losses, test of injection schemes
1118	(both storage ring and decayring), construction and test of prototype target
1119	at ISOLDE and test of targets at TRIUMF with a high intensity proton.
1120	<p><b>Outline the milestones to be achieved by means of the NA, as relevant
1121	to each work package.</b>
1122	<p> .....<font color="#CC66CC"> to be done largely by the 7 coordinators
1123	first </font>and then in collegially by   the NA SG
1124	<p><b>PHYSICS</b>
1125	<br><b>CNGS </b>
1126	<br><b>DRIVER</b>
1127	<br><b>TARGET </b>
1128	<br><b>COLLECTOR milestones</b>
1129	<br>1)a comprehensive status report of the current state of the art in
1130	the early phase of the NA
1131	<br>2) the formation of a collaboration to propose a complete  design
1132	study
1133	<br>2) the publication of a detailed proposal for the evolution ("road
1134	map") towards  the design
1135	<br>of a complete collection system, properly integrated upstream with
1136	the design of the target and
1137	<br>downstream with the one of the muon  front end
1138	<br>3)yearly international workshops, assembling EU,  USA and Japanese
1139	expertise and timely
1140	<br>addressing the milestones of this evolution
1141	<br>4) a report on comparative studies of different simulation of the complete
1142	production and
1143	<br>collection of neutrino parents
1144	<p><b>COOLING</b>
1145	<p>(0) Q1 2004: have European network formed and working.
1146	<br>(1) Q2 2004: completion of simulation of at least one frontend without
1147	cooling
1148	<br>
1149	using detailed simulation codes. Comparison with existing studies
1150	<br>
1151	of the baseline European design.
1152	<br>(2) Q2 2004: complete detailed analysis of the systematic errors for
1153	the
1154	<br>
1155	baseline MICE experiment and hence a determination of total
1156	<br>
1157	emittance resolution.
1158	<br>(3) Q3 2004: begin assessment of US ring cooler designs and start to
1159	develop
1160	<br>
1161	a ring cooler to fit into the European Neutrino Factory.
1162	<br>(4) Q4 2004: begin determination of more realistic fields for the baseline
1163	<br>
1164	cooling channel.
1165	<br>(5) Q2 2005: determine performance of the baseline channel with realistic
1166	<br>
1167	fields.
1168	<br>(6) Q3 2005: complete a preliminary outline design for a European ring
1169	cooler.
1170	<br>(7) Q3 2005: start assessment of the use of MICE for testing alternative
1171	<br>
1172	frontends or running the cooling cell components in different
1173	<br>
1174	modes.
1175	<br>(8) Q4 2005: start optimising Neutrino Factory designs for different
1176	frontend
1177	<br>
1178	designs.
1179	<br>(9) Q2 2006: start to look at technological aspects of implementing
1180	the
1181	<br>
1182	different frontends and preparing R&D programmes.
1183	<br>(10) Q1 2007: start assessment of first results from MICE.
1184	<br>(11) Q3 2007: complete studies of alternative MICE experiments. Start
1185	preparing
1186	<br>
1187	a proposal if the results are positive.
1188	<br>(12) Q1 2008: complete technology investigations and Neutrino Factory
1189	design
1190	<br>
1191	optimisation.
1192	<br>(13) Q2 2008: assess impact of full MICE results.
1193	<br>(14) Q3 2008: complete detailed comparison between the alternative
1194	frontend
1195	<br>
1196	designs.
1197	<br>(15) Q4 2008: if sufficient information is not available from MICE,
1198	devise an
1199	<br>
1200	R&D programme for proving the best frontend can be built and
1201	<br>
1202	will work. Write a proposal.
1203	<p><b>BETABEAM</b>
1204	<br>
1205	<br>
1206	<br>
1207	<p><b>Links to obtained results can also be given here (or a link to a
1208	site prepared for disseminating the acquired knowledge)</b>
1209	<p>Bibliography? .... <font color="#FF0000">throu the EBNE Website, to
1210	be set  up .</font>.... recycling the wealth of the ECFA Muon site
1211	... what else? </td>
1212	</tr>
1213	</table>
1214
1215	<h2>
1216	<font color="#009900">Impact and benefits to the community:</font></h2>
1217
1218	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1219	<caption><tbody>
1220	<br></tbody></caption>
1221
1222	<tr>
1223	<td><b>Describe the expected benefits and impact on the community</b>
1224	<p>ie ndicate how the participants and the relevant scientific community
1225	will benefit from the expected results of this particular networking activity.
1226	<p>The NA plans to hold regular and structured Weeks of meetings and discussion
1227	organized 3 to 4 times a year. . In addition one or two dedicated workshop
1228	are foreseen per year.
1229	<p>The international community meets once a year at the occasion of the
1230	ECFA-sponsored NuFact & Superbeam Workshop. A NUFACT School is held,
1231	since 2002, yearly on the same location of the Workshop ... <i>this does
1232	not seem to be eligible ...</i>
1233	<p>Such a coherent and coordinated European program on neutrino beams will
1234	involve the large majority of the European experts in this field and will
1235	allow Europe to play a world leader role. It will enhance considerably
1236	the collaboration between accelerator physicists on the one hand and will
1237	develop a synergy between particle physicists and accelerator physicists
1238	on the other, ensuring the long-term sustainability of the field.
1239	<br>R&D experiments and projects as the ones being performed (HARP,
1240	high intensity target R&D, horn R&D etc )  or planned (MICE),
1241	will be pursued and multiplied , will mark the technical progress of our
1242	studies and will provide training and learning opportunities to large number
1243	of students and postdocs.
1244	<p>We should also contribute to the description of the overall plan to
1245	disseminate, promote and exploit the knowledge derived from the NA both
1246	within and beyond the consortium: publications, conferences, workshops
1247	and web-based activities aiming at disseminating the knowledge and technology
1248	produced.
1249	<br>
1250	<p>NB Only preliminary thoughts.
1251	<p>We are suggested also to explain, looking at the ensemble of the networking
1252	activities, how they will enhance the services provided by the research
1253	infrastructures in the proposed programme of activities under consideration.
1254	<p>To be done later.
1255	<br>
1256	<br> </td>
1257	</tr>
1258	</table>
1259
1260	<h2>
1261	<font color="#3333FF">Execution plan:</font></h2>
1262
1263	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1264	<caption><tbody>
1265	<br></tbody></caption>
1266
1267	<tr>
1268	<td><b>Describe in detail the execution plan in terms of a chart showing
1269	the time expected to be spent concluding each of the milestones specified
1270	in the different work packages. This chart can be made with standard tools
1271	and inserted here.</b>
1272	<p>.e. give an indicative multi-annual execution plan (in tabular form)
1273	for the whole duration of the I3 that cover all the networking activities.
1274	For each activity, you should specify the relevant milestones and the expected
1275	deliverables. Additional information can be provided, if necessary, in
1276	free text.
1277	<p>Detailed work needed here.
1278	<p>A contribution of N4 to the18 months plan will also have to be provided.
1279	<br>Should one give here a correspondingly more detailed execution plan
1280	for the first 18 months?
1281	<p>We should also produce a general road map, detailing our view of the
1282	time scale of initiatives in the sector of neutrino beams in the medium
1283	and long-term future.
1284	<p>In order to prompt discussion, I just attempt the following
1285	<p>R&D and design studies from now to 2007 or 2008
1286	<p>Conceptual Design Report for a Neutrino Factory in 2008
1287	<br>Realization of  a  Superbeam, a European high power conventional
1288	neutrino facility(2012 at earliest?)
1289	<br>Realization of the first Neutrino Factory in 2015 (or later?)
1290	<br>First possible date for a running Betabeam complex?
1291	<p>.....<font color="#CC66CC"> collecting here from  the 7 coordinators
1292	first </font>
1293	<p><b>CNGS </b>
1294	<br><b>DRIVER.</b>
1295	<br><b>TARGET </b>Milestones
1296	<p>Spring 2004    Initial meeting of the European Participants.
1297	Allotment of specific duties
1298	<p>Summer 2004    1st Main Meeting (with international participants)
1299	to present the current progress in target studies
1300	<p>Autumn 2004        Publication of
1301	the current position of target development
1302	<br>Preliminary recommendations of future R&D.
1303	<p>Summer 2005        1st International
1304	Conference on Targets
1305	<p>Spring 2006        Publication of
1306	Conference Proceedings
1307	<br>/Summer        2nd Main meeting
1308	of the target group
1309	<p>Autumn 2006        Publication of
1310	interim report on target developments
1311	<br>
1312	Recommendations of future R&D
1313	<p>Summer 2007        2nd International
1314	Conference on Targets
1315	<p>Spring 2008        Publication of
1316	Conference Proceedings
1317	<br>/Summer        3rd Main meeting
1318	of the target group
1319	<p>Summer 2009        3rd International
1320	Conference on Targets
1321	<p>Winter 2009        4th Main and final
1322	meeting of the target group
1323	<p>Spring 2010        Publication of
1324	Conference Proceedings
1325	<br>/Summer        Final report and
1326	recommendations on Targets
1327	<br><b>COLLECTOR </b>
1328	<p><b>COOLING</b>
1329	<br><b>BETA</b>
1330	<br><b>PHYSICS</b></td>
1331	</tr>
1332	</table>
1333
1334	<p><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>Estimate of total cost per participant
1335	and work package:</font></font></b>
1336	<br><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>(including associate members)</font></font></b>
1337	<br>
1338	<br>
1339	<center><table BORDER COLS=7 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1340	<caption>
1341	<center><tbody>
1342	<br></tbody></center>
1343	</caption>
1344
1345	<tr>
1346	<td><b>Participants </b>
1347	<br>(give short name and include ass.
1348	<br>members)</td>
1349
1350	<td>        <b>WP1</b>
1351	<p>a.  FTE
1352	<br>b.  networking</td>
1353
1354	<td>       <b>WP2</b>
1355	<p>a.  FTE
1356	<br>b.  networking</td>
1357
1358	<td>        <b>WP3</b>
1359	<p>a.  FTE
1360	<br>b.  networking</td>
1361
1362	<td>      <b> ......</b></td>
1363
1364	<td> </td>
1365
1366	<td><b>Sum per      participant</b>
1367	<br>a.  FTE
1368	<br>b.  networking</td>
1369	</tr>
1370
1371	<tr>
1372	<td>       <b>1</b></td>
1373
1374	<td>a.
1375	<br>b. </td>
1376
1377	<td>a.
1378	<br>b. </td>
1379
1380	<td>a.
1381	<br>b. </td>
1382
1383	<td> </td>
1384
1385	<td> </td>
1386
1387	<td>a.
1388	<br>b. </td>
1389	</tr>
1390
1391	<tr>
1392	<td>       <b>2</b></td>
1393
1394	<td>a.
1395	<br>b. </td>
1396
1397	<td>a.
1398	<br>b. </td>
1399
1400	<td>a.
1401	<br>b. </td>
1402
1403	<td> </td>
1404
1405	<td> </td>
1406
1407	<td>a.
1408	<br>b. </td>
1409	</tr>
1410
1411	<tr>
1412	<td>       <b>3</b></td>
1413
1414	<td>a.
1415	<br>b. </td>
1416
1417	<td>a.
1418	<br>b. </td>
1419
1420	<td>a.
1421	<br>b. </td>
1422
1423	<td> </td>
1424
1425	<td> </td>
1426
1427	<td>a.
1428	<br>b. </td>
1429	</tr>
1430
1431	<tr>
1432	<td>       <b>...</b></td>
1433
1434	<td> </td>
1435
1436	<td> </td>
1437
1438	<td> </td>
1439
1440	<td> </td>
1441
1442	<td> </td>
1443
1444	<td> </td>
1445	</tr>
1446
1447	<tr>
1448	<td> </td>
1449
1450	<td> </td>
1451
1452	<td> </td>
1453
1454	<td> </td>
1455
1456	<td> </td>
1457
1458	<td> </td>
1459
1460	<td> </td>
1461	</tr>
1462
1463	<tr>
1464	<td>   Sum per WP</td>
1465
1466	<td>a.
1467	<br>b. </td>
1468
1469	<td>a.
1470	<br>b. </td>
1471
1472	<td>a.
1473	<br>b. </td>
1474
1475	<td> </td>
1476
1477	<td> </td>
1478
1479	<td>Total  FTE
1480	<br>Total networking</td>
1481	</tr>
1482	</table></center>
1483
1484	<p><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>Requested cost per participant
1485	and work package:</font></font></b>
1486	<br><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>(including associate members)</font></font></b>
1487	<br>
1488	<br>
1489	<center><table BORDER COLS=7 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1490	<caption>
1491	<center><tbody>
1492	<br></tbody></center>
1493	</caption>
1494
1495	<tr>
1496	<td><b>Participants </b>
1497	<br>(give short name and include ass.
1498	<br>members)</td>
1499
1500	<td>        <b>WP1</b>
1501	<p>a.  FTE
1502	<br>b.  networking</td>
1503
1504	<td>       <b>WP2</b>
1505	<p>a.  FTE
1506	<br>b.  networking</td>
1507
1508	<td>        <b>WP3</b>
1509	<p>a.  FTE
1510	<br>b.  networking</td>
1511
1512	<td>      <b> ......</b></td>
1513
1514	<td> </td>
1515
1516	<td><b>Sum per      participant</b>
1517	<br>a.  FTE
1518	<br>b.  networking</td>
1519	</tr>
1520
1521	<tr>
1522	<td>       <b>1</b></td>
1523
1524	<td>a.
1525	<br>b. </td>
1526
1527	<td>a.
1528	<br>b. </td>
1529
1530	<td>a.
1531	<br>b. </td>
1532
1533	<td> </td>
1534
1535	<td> </td>
1536
1537	<td>a.
1538	<br>b. </td>
1539	</tr>
1540
1541	<tr>
1542	<td>       <b>2</b></td>
1543
1544	<td>a.
1545	<br>b. </td>
1546
1547	<td>a.
1548	<br>b. </td>
1549
1550	<td>a.
1551	<br>b. </td>
1552
1553	<td> </td>
1554
1555	<td> </td>
1556
1557	<td>a.
1558	<br>b. </td>
1559	</tr>
1560
1561	<tr>
1562	<td>       <b>3</b></td>
1563
1564	<td>a.
1565	<br>b. </td>
1566
1567	<td>a.
1568	<br>b. </td>
1569
1570	<td>a.
1571	<br>b. </td>
1572
1573	<td> </td>
1574
1575	<td> </td>
1576
1577	<td>a.
1578	<br>b. </td>
1579	</tr>
1580
1581	<tr>
1582	<td>       <b>...</b></td>
1583
1584	<td> </td>
1585
1586	<td> </td>
1587
1588	<td> </td>
1589
1590	<td> </td>
1591
1592	<td> </td>
1593
1594	<td> </td>
1595	</tr>
1596
1597	<tr>
1598	<td> </td>
1599
1600	<td> </td>
1601
1602	<td> </td>
1603
1604	<td> </td>
1605
1606	<td> </td>
1607
1608	<td> </td>
1609
1610	<td> </td>
1611	</tr>
1612
1613	<tr>
1614	<td>   Sum per WP</td>
1615
1616	<td>a.
1617	<br>b. </td>
1618
1619	<td>a.
1620	<br>b. </td>
1621
1622	<td>a.
1623	<br>b. </td>
1624
1625	<td> </td>
1626
1627	<td> </td>
1628
1629	<td>Total  FTE
1630	<br>Total networking</td>
1631	</tr>
1632	</table></center>
1633
1634	<p><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>Additional information concerning
1635	the cost estimate:</font></font></b>
1636	<br>
1637	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1638	<caption><tbody>
1639	<br></tbody></caption>
1640
1641	<tr>
1642	<td><b>Specify additional details relevant to the structure of the budget
1643	requested (fraction of total cost requested to be funded, number of workshops
1644	and collaboration weeks to be attended, new events to be organised, eventual
1645	service tasks, fraction of young/senior researchers, inviting high-level
1646	experts from outside the IA, support for dissemination of the knowledge,
1647	educational tools and actions, outreach,...)</b>
1648	<br>
1649	<p>No attempt to fill the financial table has been done yet. Only an early
1650	first rough underestimate of the level of funding useful to adequately
1651	<br>reinforce participation to these network of activities in 2004-7 was
1652	performed several weeks ago and is reproposed here as such for now.
1653	<p>1) assuming that about 20 people would be supported to travel for each
1654	of the  Weeks, at 1000 € each, 60 to 80 K€ per year are
1655	needed
1656	<p>2) 20 to 40 researchers would be supported to travel to the NuFact Workshop
1657	(faculty and postdocs) and/or the NuFact School (postdocs
1658	<br>and students). About 40 to 80  K€ per year will be needed
1659	<p>3) additional funds will be needed to cover expenses of invited speakers
1660	to the Weeks
1661	<p>4) additional funds will be needed to support participation to dedicated
1662	workshops.
1663	<p>A request of 800 to 1000 K€ over 4 years emerged at the time, to
1664	be soon seriously revised.
1665	<p>The Guide for proposers implies that the main cost is to be requested
1666	for the organization of meetings, travel and subsistence expenses. In some
1667	special case, the cost of for hiring a postdocs or a student can be supported
1668	provided his task is a service task (such as maintenance and exportability
1669	of code, database
1670	). EU funding can cover up to 100% of the real costs
1671	of the networking activities. No explicit limit is indicated, however it
1672	seems that total amounts largely exceeding 1 Meuros for each NA over the
1673	entire IA period (i.e. 5 years) will be difficult to obtain.
1674	<p><i>We are seriously considering requesting also the cost for hiring
1675	a postdoc in charge of the centralization, maintenance and distribution
1676	of the NA patrimony of simulation codes and of the NA Website. </i></td>
1677	</tr>
1678	</table>
1679
1680	<p><b><font color="#3333FF"><font size=+2>Management structure:</font></font></b>
1681	<br>
1682	<table BORDER COLS=1 WIDTH="100%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" >
1683	<caption><tbody>
1684	<br></tbody></caption>
1685
1686	<tr>
1687	<td><b>Specify the structure of the NA management, based on the guidelines
1688	provided. A common graphical format will be provided centrally and should
1689	be used, specifying the different functions (coordinator, his deputy, WP
1690	coordinators, external review committee,.....) and the names of people
1691	nominated, with a link to a description of each of the functions.</b>
1692	<p>Will come .... clarifications needed ...</td>
1693	</tr>
1694	</table>
1695
1696	<br>
1697	<br>
1698	<br>
1699	<br>
1700	<br>
1701	<br>
1702	</body>
1703	</html>

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