source: PSPA/madxPSPA/doc/usrguide/Introduction/conventions.html @ 430

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1<head>
2<title>Conventions</title>
3<!-- Changed by: Chris ISELIN, 27-Mar-1997 -->
4<!-- Changed by: Hans Grote, 25-Sep-2002 -->
5</head>
6
7<body bgcolor = "#ffffff">
8
9<center>
10EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH
11<IMG SRC="http://cern.ch/madx/icons/mx7_25.gif" align=right>
12<h2>Conventions</h2>
13</center>
14
15The accelerator and/or beam line to be studied is described as
16a sequence of beam elements placed sequentially along a reference
17orbit.
18The reference orbit is the path of a charged particle having the
19central design momentum of the accelerator through idealised magnets
20with no fringe fields (see <a href="#local">Figure 1</a>).
21<p>
22The reference orbit consists of a series of
23straight line segments and circular arcs.
24It is defined under the assumption that all elements are
25perfectly aligned.
26The accompanying tripod of the reference orbit spans
27a local curvilinear right handed coordinate system <i>(x,y,s)</i>
28The local <i>s</i>-axis is the tangent to the reference orbit.
29The two other axes are perpendicular to the reference orbit and
30are labelled <i>x</i> (in the bend plane)
31and <i>y</i> (perpendicular to the bend plane).
32<ul> 
33<li><a href="closed_orbit.html">Closed Orbit</a>
34<li><a href="global_system.html">Global Reference System</a>
35<li><a href="local_system.html">Local Reference System</a>
36<li><a href="sign_convent.html">Sign Conventions for Magnetic Fields</a>
37<li><a href="tables.html">Variable</a>
38<ul>
39<li><a href="tables.html#canon">Canonical Variables Describing Orbits</a>
40<li><a href="tables.html#normal">Normalised Variables and other Derived Quantities</a>
41</ul>
42<li><a href="mad_units.html">Physical Units</a>
43</ul>
44<center>
45<a name=local><img align=bottom 
46   src="../figures/local_reference.gif"></a>
47<p>
48<b>Figure 1:</b> Local Reference System
49</center>
50
51</body>
52
53<address>
54<a href="http://www.cern.ch/Hans.Grote/hansg_sign.html">hansg</a>,
55May 8, 2001
56</address>
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